A STUDY OF CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT AND VISUAL PERCEPTION IN SIX-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN.

Visual perception comprises established responses to visual stimuli. Conceptual development accompanies the development of visual perception skills. Both visual perception and sufficient conceptual development is vital to a child's academic skills and social participation.

Lithium-associated primary hyperparathyroidism complicated by nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

Lithium-associated hyperparathyroidism is the leading cause of hypercalcemia in lithium-treated patients. Lithium may lead to exacerbation of pre-existing primary hyperparathyroidism or cause an increased set-point of calcium for parathyroid hormone suppression, leading to parathyroid hyperplasia. Lithium may cause renal tubular concentration defects directly by the development of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus or indirectly by the effects of hypercalcemia.

Glomerular and tubular functions in children with different forms of beta thalassemia.

Background: Although there are many available data about renal involvement in patients with beta thalassemia major (TM), the changes in renal functions of other types, such as thalassemia intermedia (TI) and thalassemia minor (TMin), were reported less. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate renal tubular and glomerular functions in patients with three types of beta thalassemia.

Methods: This prospective case-control study was conducted on 118 beta-thalassemia patients (49 in TM, 18 in TI and 51 TMin) and 51 healthy controls.

Metabolic syndrome is not only a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases in systemic lupus erythematosus but is also associated with cumulative organ damage: a cross-sectional analysis of 311 patients.

Background/purpose: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have increased rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) that are one of the major causes of mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the frequencies of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and CVD in SLE patients and investigate the link between these and clinical features of SLE.

Methods: A total of 311 SLE patients were consecutively assessed for cumulative organ damage (SDI/SLICC scores), history of CVD and MetS as defined by the National Cholesterol Educational Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III).

Geographical targeting to improve progression through the sexually transmitted infection/HIV treatment continua in different populations.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose of this study is to review and synthesize the recent literature on the use of geographical targeting to improve progression through HIV and sexually transmitted disease (STD) prevention and treatment continua in different populations.

Recent Findings: Geographical targeting can help identify obstacles to progression through prevention and treatment continua for each stage and in specific geographic locations. Macro-level geographical targeting can help maximize allocative efficiency, while micro-level targeting of hot spots increases effectiveness of interventions.

Pharmaceutical Optimization of Peptide Toxins for Ion Channel Targets: Potent, Selective, and Long-Lived Antagonists of Kv1.3.

To realize the medicinal potential of peptide toxins, naturally occurring disulfide-rich peptides, as ion channel antagonists, more efficient pharmaceutical optimization technologies must be developed. Here, we show that the therapeutic properties of multiple cysteine toxin peptides can be rapidly and substantially improved by combining direct chemical strategies with high-throughput electrophysiology. We applied whole-molecule, brute-force, structure-activity analoging to ShK, a peptide toxin from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus that inhibits the voltage-gated potassium ion channel Kv1.

The Effect of Thrombolytic, Anticoagulant, and Vasodilator Agents on the Survival of Random Pattern Skin Flap.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of subcutaneously applied thrombolytic, anticoagulant, and vasodilator agents on the survival of random-pattern skin flap.

Methods: A caudally based dorsal flap model was used in 24 rats in four groups. In group 1 (n = 6), flap was elevated and sutured.

Low levels of circulating platelet factor 4 (PF4, CXCL4) in subclinically hypothyroid autoimmune thyroiditis.

Purpose: Chemokines play an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases. Platelet factor 4 (PF4, CXCL4) released from activated platelets is a chemokine. However, its clinical importance in autoimmune thyroiditis remains unknown.

6q16.3q23.3 duplication associated with Prader-Willi-like syndrome.

Background: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is characterized by hypotonia, delayed neuropsychomotor development, overeating, obesity and mental deficiency. This phenotype is encountered in other conditions, defining Prader-Willi-like syndrome (PWLS).

Case Presentation: We report a 14-year-old boy with a complex small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC) associated with PWLS.

[Seroprevalance Differences of Toxoplasma Between Syrian Refugees Pregnants and Indigenous Turkish Pregnants in Kahramanmaraş].

Objective: In this study, we aimed to compare the Syrian refugees and resident Turkish pregnant population in terms of Toxoplasma seroprevalence.

Methods: Data acquired from Kahramanmaraş Necip Fazıl City Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology between 2012 and 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Results of 7201 Toxoplasma IgM tests and 4113 Toxoplasma IgG tests were evaluated.

Aerobic exercise improves oxidant-antioxidant balance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

[Purpose] Although oxidative stress is known to be present in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the effects of exercise on oxidative parameters are unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of acute aerobic exercise on serum oxidant and antioxidant levels in patients with RA. [Subjects and Methods] Sixteen patients with RA and 10 age-matched healthy volunteers participated in this study.

Coherent regulation in yeast's cell-cycle network.

We define a measure of coherent activity for gene regulatory networks, a property that reflects the unity of purpose between the regulatory agents with a common target. We propose that such harmonious regulatory action is desirable under a demand for energy efficiency and may be selected for under evolutionary pressures. We consider two recent models of the cell-cycle regulatory network of the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a case study and calculate their degree of coherence.

Diagnosis, PET/CT imaging, and treatment of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma in keratinized gingiva: a case report.

A 58-year-old patient who smoked and had uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus was referred to our clinic. The patient had a suspicious asymptomatic lesion that was diagnosed as B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Immunohistochemistry revealed intense and diffuse expression of CD20, CD10, BCL-6, and Ki-67.

Effectiveness of erbium:YAG laser and cryosurgery in seborrheic keratoses: Randomized, prospective intraindividual comparison study.

Background And Objective: Seborrheic keratoses (SK) are benign cutaneous lesions frequently seen in old age. The aim of the study is to compare the efficiency of Er:YAG lasers with cryotherapy in the treatment of SK.

Patients And Methods: The study was carried out on 42 patients with SK sized 0.

Therapeutic effects of systemic vitamin k2 and vitamin d3 on gingival inflammation and alveolar bone in rats with experimentally induced periodontitis.

Background: The synergistic effects of vitamin D3 and vitamin K2 on bone loss prevention have been reported. This study evaluates the effects of vitamin D3 and vitamin K2 supplementation in conjunction with conventional periodontal therapy (scaling and root planing [SRP]) on gingival interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10, serum bone alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP-5b), and calcium and alveolar bone levels in rats with experimentally induced periodontitis.

Methods: Seventy-two rats were divided into the following groups: 1) healthy; 2) periodontitis; 3) SRP; 4) SRP + vitamin D3; 5) SRP + vitamin K2; and 6) SRP + vitamins K2 and D3.

Comparison of hippocampal interleukin-6 immunoreactivity after exhaustive exercise in both exercise-trained and untrained rats.

Background/aim: Exhaustive exercise is a strong stress factor and can impact cytokine production in the brain. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is produced in greater amounts than any other cytokine in response to exercise, and its effects are closely related to both exercise duration and intensity. In this study, we measured the differences between the amount of IL-6 reactivity of the hippocampus after an exhaustive session ofrunning in long-term exercise-trained and untrained rats.

The Flatstent versus the conventional umbrella devices in the percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale.

Background: Patent foramen ovale (PFO) has been associated with paradoxical embolism leading to stroke/transient ischemic attack, migraine, and neurological decompression sickness. In search for the optimal device that would achieve effective clinical closure with minimal complications, a better device selection based on PFO anatomy and improvements in device design is needed. The Flatstent is a new device designed to treat the highly prevalent long-tunnel PFOs from within, minimizing the amount of material left behind in an attempt to reduce device-related complications.

Behavioral convergence: implications for mathematical models of sexually transmitted infection transmission.

Recent trends in the behaviors of some groups with high sexual activity and of the general population in some countries suggest that sexual behavior profiles of high and low sexual activity categories may be converging and may call into question the assumptions around sexual mixing that are built into theoretical models of sexually transmitted infections (STIs)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission dynamics. One category of high sexual activity, sex work, has been undergoing modification in many societies, becoming more acceptable, more dispersed, and larger in volume in some societies and shrinking in others. Concurrent with changes in the characteristics of sex work, the accumulating data on the sexual behaviors of the general population suggest a shift toward those of sex workers, including large numbers of sex partners and short-duration partnerships.

Comparison of ⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE PET-CT, ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT and 99mTc-(V)DMSA scintigraphy in the detection of recurrent or metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Purpose: We aimed to compare the efficacies of gallium-68 (68Ga) DOTATATE PET-computed tomography (CT), fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET-CT and technetium-99m (99mTc)-(V)DMSA scintigraphy in the detection of residual/metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC).

Materials And Method: We retrospectively evaluated DOTATATE PET-CT, 18F-FDG PET-CT and (V)DMSA scintigraphy of 22 MTC patients, all taken within a 6-month period in each patient, because of high levels of calcitonin (Ct) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). We investigated the relationships between the results of the imaging modalities and tumour marker levels and the sporadic versus hereditary nature of the disease, as well as the effect of imaging results on patient management.

Autosomal-recessive SASH1 variants associated with a new genodermatosis with pigmentation defects, palmoplantar keratoderma and skin carcinoma.

SASH1 (SAM and SH3 domain-containing protein 1) is a tumor suppressor gene involved in the tumorigenesis of a spectrum of solid cancers. Heterozygous SASH1 variants are known to cause autosomal-dominant dyschromatosis. Homozygosity mapping and whole-exome sequencing were performed in a consanguineous Moroccan family with two affected siblings presenting an unclassified phenotype associating an abnormal pigmentation pattern (hypo- and hyperpigmented macules of the trunk and face and areas of reticular hypo- and hyperpigmentation of the extremities), alopecia, palmoplantar keratoderma, ungueal dystrophy and recurrent spinocellular carcinoma.

Synthesis of a mixed-model stationary phase derived from glutamine for HPLC separation of structurally different biologically active compounds: HILIC and reversed-phase applications.

A novel mixed-mode stationary phase was synthesised starting from N-Boc-glutamine, aniline and spherical silica gel (4 µm, 60 Å). The prepared stationary phase was characterized by IR and elemental analysis. The new stationary phase bears an embedded amide group into phenyl ring, highly polar a terminal amide group and non-polar groups (phenyl and alkyl groups).

Alveolar bone protective and hypoglycemic effects of systemic propolis treatment in experimental periodontitis and diabetes mellitus.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the anti-inflammatory effects of propolis on the systemic and local effects on experimental periodontitis and diabetes. Fifty-six Wistar rats were divided into seven groups: (1) negative-control (NC), (2) periodontitis (P), (3) diabetes (D), (4) diabetes+periodontitis (DP), (5) periodontitis+propolis (P-Pro), (6) diabetes+propolis (D-Pro), and (7) diabetes+periodontitis+propolis (DP-Pro). Periodontitis was induced by ligature placement and diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection.

High-sensitivity C-reactive protein as a novel marker in early diagnosis of ovarian torsion: an experimental study.

Objective: To investigate the effect of ovarian torsion on plasma high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels and to determine whether hs-CRP levels were a useful adjunct that could be used in the diagnosis of ovarian torsion.

Materials And Methods: Sixteen nulligravid 4-month-old female Wistar albino rats were randomly and equally allocated into two groups. Control group, sham operation (n = 8) group, and study group, ovarian torsion (n = 8) group.