Expanding the use of salivary cortisol as a non-invasive outpatient test in the dynamic evaluation of suspected adrenal insufficiency.

Background: Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is potentially life-threatening, and accurate diagnosis is crucial. The first-line diagnostic test, the adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test, measures serum total cortisol. However, this is affected in states of altered albumin or cortisol-binding globulin levels, limiting reliability.

Rapid Desensitization for Insulin Allergy in Type 1 Diabetes Using an Insulin Pump: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Objective: Insulin allergy, although uncommon, poses a significant challenge in those with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) as insulin replacement is a necessity. Our objective is to describe a patient in whom rapid desensitization to insulin aspart was achieved using an insulin pump.

Methods: A 40-year-old woman with newly diagnosed T1D developed pruritic wheals over the abdomen after being injected with insulin glargine U-300 (Toujeo) and insulin aspart.