Chironomidae (Diptera: Insecta) of Alaska, USA, with descriptions of new species and a checklist.

The current study results from the collection of Chironomidae, which began in 1994 and continued until the present time in six biogeographical regions of Alaska, USA. We established that 427 species are currently reported from Alaska, adding 154 new faunistic records and six new species. In this study, we described Chaetocladius (Chaetocladius) kimfrangosi sp.

Identifying weather patterns affecting household date palm sap consumption in Bangladesh, 2013-2016.

Nipah virus spillovers via consumption of date palm sap in Bangladesh vary substantially between years and have been associated with lower winter temperatures and precipitation. However, the mechanisms driving the interannual variation and the influence of weather remain unexplained. Here we investigated the hypothesis that weather patterns change human sap consumption and explain interannual variation in observed spillovers.

Seroprevalence and risk factors for brucellosis amongst livestock and humans in a multi-herd ranch system in Kagera, Tanzania.

Background: Brucellosis remains a significant health and economic challenge for livestock and humans globally. Despite its public health implications, the factors driving the endemic persistence of at the human-livestock interface in Tanzania remain poorly elucidated. This study aimed to identify the seroprevalence of infection in livestock and humans within a ranching system and determine associated risk factors for disease endemicity.

CHARMM at 45: Enhancements in Accessibility, Functionality, and Speed.

Since its inception nearly a half century ago, CHARMM has been playing a central role in computational biochemistry and biophysics. Commensurate with the developments in experimental research and advances in computer hardware, the range of methods and applicability of CHARMM have also grown. This review summarizes major developments that occurred after 2009 when the last review of CHARMM was published.

A nurse-led intervention for carers of people with high-grade glioma: A case series of carers reporting high distress.

Background: Carers play an important role in supporting patients diagnosed with high-grade glioma (HGG). However, this experience is frequently distressing and many carers require support.

Objectives: To describe unmet needs of highly distressed carers of people with HGG and recommendations and referrals made by a nurse to support them within the Care-IS trial.

Membrane Stabilization of Helical Previtamin D Conformers as Possible Enhancement of Vitamin D Photoproduction.

Photoinduced vitamin D formation occurs 10-15-fold faster in phospholipid bilayers (PLB) than in isotropic solution. It has been hypothesized that amphipatic interactions of the PLB with the rotationally flexible previtamin D (Pre) stabilize its helical conformers, enhancing thermal intramolecular [1,7]-hydrogen transfer, forming vitamin D. To test this hypothesis, we carried out molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of Pre in a PLB composed of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC).

New species and a fascinating diversity of Chironomidae (Diptera, Insecta) in and around an overlooked urban vernal pool.

In this study, the biodiversity of Chironomidae was investigated in Palmer Park Pond A, an urban vernal pond in Detroit, Michigan, USA. This study is developed as part of our ongoing Public Environmental Outreach Program at the Detroit Exploration and Nature Center in Palmer Park. Twenty-one Chironomidae species were discovered in and on the adjacent riparian vegetation of this pond using molecular and morphological methods.

Empirical and model-based evidence for a negligible role of cattle in peste des petits ruminants virus transmission and eradication.

Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) is a multi-host pathogen with sheep and goats as main hosts. To investigate the role of cattle in the epidemiology of PPR, we simulated conditions similar to East African zero-grazing husbandry practices in a series of trials with local Zebu cattle (Bos taurus indicus) co-housed with goats (Capra aegagrus hircus). Furthermore, we developed a mathematical model to assess the impact of PPRV-transmission from cattle to goats.

Quinolinyl-based multitarget-directed ligands with soluble epoxide hydrolase and fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitory activities: Synthetic studies and pharmacological evaluations.

Simultaneous inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) with a single small molecule represents a novel therapeutic approach in treating inflammatory pain, since both targets are involved in pain and inflammation processes. In this study using multi-target directed ligands methodology we designed and synthesized 7 quinolinyl-based dual sEH/FAAH inhibitors, using an optimized microwave-assisted Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction and tested their potency in human FAAH and human, rat, and mouse sEH inhibition assays. The structure-activity relationship study showed that quinolinyl moiety is well tolerated in the active sites of both enzymes, yielding several very potent dual sEH/FAAH inhibitors with the IC values in the low nanomolar range.

Sexual satisfaction and its predictors in patients with advanced cancer and their family caregivers in six European countries: Baseline data from the DIAdIC study.

Objective: To identify predictors of sexual satisfaction in patients with advanced cancer and their family caregivers.

Methods: Cross-sectional study using baseline survey data from a randomized controlled trial in six European countries. Patients with advanced cancer and their family caregiver completed measures on sexual satisfaction (one item from Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - General questionnaire for patients and Caregiver Quality of Life Index-Cancer scale for family caregivers) and health-related characteristics.

What do carers of people with high-grade glioma perceive could improve their preparedness to care, and what additional support do they require?

Background: Concerning levels of stress, strain, and poorer mental health are observed in family carers of patients diagnosed with high-grade glioma (HGG). Understanding the reported unmet needs of these carers will enable future interventions to address such needs to improve their preparedness for care and well-being. In this secondary analysis, we aimed to explore: (i) ; and (ii)

Methods: Responses from 188 carers of patients with HGG participating in a randomized controlled trial of the Care-IS intervention were analyzed to identify reported unmet needs.

Markerless 3D kinematics and force estimation in cheetahs.

The complex dynamics of animal manoeuvrability in the wild is extremely challenging to study. The cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) is a perfect example: despite great interest in its unmatched speed and manoeuvrability, obtaining complete whole-body motion data from these animals remains an unsolved problem. This is especially difficult in wild cheetahs, where it is essential that the methods used are remote and do not constrain the animal's motion.

A retrospective audit of adult and paediatric anaphylaxis management from two Australian metropolitan mixed emergency departments.

Background: Anaphylaxis is a potentially life-threatening allergic reaction, with presentations to emergency departments (EDs) increasing across Australia. Understanding the features of those presenting with anaphylaxis and aspects related to its optimal clinical management across the admission, treatment and discharge settings is needed to minimise its impact. We aimed to evaluate the nature and management of presentations related to anaphylaxis across two Australian EDs.

Parachaetocladius lenferringtoni (Diptera: Chironomidae), a new orthoclad from North America, with keys to adult males and pupae of the Nearctic Parachaetocladius (Wlker, 1959).

In this study, we describe Parachaetocladius lenferringtoni sp. nov., based on all its life stages, and provide keys to adult males and pupae of the Nearctic Parachaetocladius.

People living with HIV display increased anti-apolipoprotein A1 auto-antibodies, inflammation, and kynurenine metabolites: a case-control study.

Objective: This study aimed to study the relationship between auto-antibodies against apolipoprotein A1 (anti-apoA1 IgG), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, anti-retroviral therapy (ART), and the tryptophan pathways in HIV-related cardiovascular disease.

Design: This case-control study conducted in South Africa consisted of control volunteers ( = 50), people living with HIV (PLWH) on ART ( = 50), and untreated PLWH ( = 44). Cardiovascular risk scores were determined, vascular measures were performed, and an extensive biochemical characterisation (routine, metabolomic, and inflammatory systemic profiles) was performed.

Choreographing a good death: Carers' experiences and practices of enacting assisted dying.

The proliferation of assisted dying legislative reforms globally is a significant change in the social and medico-legal landscape of end-of-life care. Understanding the impacts of these legislative reforms on family members who care for a dying person is vital, yet under-theorised in research. In this article, drawing on semi-structured interviews with 42 carers for a person who has sought assisted dying in Australia, and extending ideas of ontological choreography we explore the new and complex choreographies enacted by carers in their endeavour to arrange a 'good death' for the dying person.

What are the cost and resource implications of voluntary assisted dying and euthanasia?

Objectives Voluntary assisted dying (VAD) legislation has now been passed in all Australian states. Although VAD has been operating in many settings worldwide for a considerable time, the specific costs associated with VAD seem unclear. The aim of this study was therefore to outline the common resource implications associated with VAD.

Blood Culture Ordering After Sepsis Alerts and Subsequent Patient Outcomes: An Electronic Health Record-Based Study.

Sepsis is a global health priority associated with high mortality. Clinical decision support systems have been developed to support clinicians with sepsis management. Ordering blood cultures (BCs) for suspected sepsis patients are strongly recommended by clinical guidelines.

Alaskacladius gen. nov., (Diptera: Chironomidae), a unique new orthoclad from Alaska.

We describe a new genus Alaskacladius gen. nov., based on the adult stages collected from Alaska, USA, and British Columbia, Canada.

Multiplanar lumbar, pelvis and kick leg sequencing during soccer instep kicking from different approach angles.

Multiplanar kinematic and kinetic sequencing from different approach angles can highlight how soccer players perform fast and accurate kicks. This study therefore aimed to a) determine multiplanar torso, pelvis and kick leg sequencing during instep kicks and b) highlight the effect of different approach angles on these sequencing patterns. Twenty male soccer players (mass 77.

Engineering T cell receptor fusion proteins using nonviral CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing for cancer immunotherapy.

Manufacture of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells usually involves the use of viral delivery systems to achieve high transgene expression. However, it can be costly and may result in random integration of the CAR into the genome, creating several disadvantages including variation in transgene expression, functional gene silencing and potential oncogenic transformation. Here, we optimized the method of nonviral, CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing using large donor DNA delivery, knocked-in an anti-tumor single chain variable fragment (scFv) into the N-terminus of CD3ε and efficiently generated fusion protein (FP) T cells.

Investigating tritrophic interactions using bioenergetic demographic models.

A central debate in ecology has been the long-running discussion on the role of apex predators in affecting the abundance and dynamics of their prey. In terrestrial systems, research has primarily relied on correlational approaches, due to the challenge of implementing robust experiments with replication and appropriate controls. A consequence of this is that we largely suffer from a lack of mechanistic understanding of the population dynamics of interacting species, which can be surprisingly complex.