Head-to-head comparison of Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT, F-FDG PET/CT, and contrast-enhanced CT for the detection of various tumors.

Objective: FAPI-PET/CT exhibits high tumor uptake and low background accumulation, enabling high-sensitivity tumor detection. We compared the diagnostic performance of  Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT plus contrast-enhanced CT (CE-CT), F-FDG PET/CT plus CE-CT, and standalone CE-CT in patients with various malignancies.

Methods: 232 patients underwent  Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT,F-FDG PET/CT, and CE-CT each within 4 weeks.

Theranostics with somatostatin receptor antagonists in SCLC: Correlation of Ga-SSO120 PET with immunohistochemistry and survival.

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) using the somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2)-antagonist satoreotide trizoxetan (Ga-SSO120) is a novel, promising imaging modality for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), which holds potential for theranostic applications. This study aims to correlate uptake in PET imaging with SSTR2 expression in immunohistochemistry (IHC) and to assess the prognostic value of Ga-SSO120 PET at initial staging of patients with SCLC. We analyzed patients who underwent Ga-SSO120 PET/CT during initial diagnostic workup of SCLC as part of institutional standard-of-care.

Aspergillus fumigatus: Is Dual-Tracer 18 FDG/ 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT Capable of Distinguishing Fungal Infection and Unspecific Inflammation From Recurrent Lung Cancer?

A 61-year-old woman, referred for recurrent pneumonia over a period of 3 months with insufficient response to antibiotic treatment, presented with coughing and intense right-sided chest pain. Previously, she underwent right upper lobectomy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (squamous cell carcinoma) followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and subsequent partial chest wall resection with polytetrafluoroethylene net insert due to a pleurocutaneous fistula. 18 FDG plus a 68 Ga-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor ( 68 Ga-FAPI) PET/CT scans were performed to rule out non-small cell lung cancer recurrence.

2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine and altanserin induce region-specific shifts in dopamine and serotonin metabolization pathways in the rat brain.

Purpose: For understanding the neurochemical mechanism of neuropsychiatric conditions associated with cognitive deficits it is of major relevance to elucidate the influence of serotonin (5-HT) agonists and antagonists on memory function as well dopamine (DA) and 5-HT release and metabolism. In the present study, we assessed the effects of the 5-HT receptor agonist 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) and the 5-HT receptor altanserin (ALT) on object and place recognition memory and cerebral neurotransmitters and metabolites in the rat.

Methods: Rats underwent a 5-min exploration trial in an open field with two identical objects.

Fibroblast Activation Protein-Directed Imaging Outperforms F-FDG PET/CT in Malignant Mesothelioma: A Prospective, Single-Center, Observational Trial.

The fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is highly expressed in tumor and stromal cells of mesothelioma and thus is an interesting imaging and therapeutic target. Previous data on PET imaging with radiolabeled FAP inhibitors (FAPIs) suggest high potential for superior tumor detection. Here, we report the data of a large malignant pleural mesothelioma cohort within a Ga-FAPI46 PET observational trial (NCT04571086).

C-reactive protein as robust laboratory value associated with prognosis in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with definitive radiochemotherapy.

To evaluate the prognostic value of biomarkers from peripheral blood obtained as routine laboratory assessment for overall survival in a cohort of stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with definitive radiochemotherapy at a high-volume cancer center. Seven blood biomarkers from 160 patients treated with definitive radiochemotherapy for stage III NSCLC were analyzed throughout the course treatment. Parameters were preselected using univariable and multivariable proportional hazards analysis and were assessed for internal validity using leave-one-out cross validation.

The Incidence of Distant Metastases in Patients with Pleural Mesothelioma Screened for a Multimodal Approach: How Much Staging Do We Really Need?

Pleural mesothelioma (PM) is a very aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. Most patients receive systemic treatment only; however, some patients may benefit from multimodality treatment. A precise staging of patients undergoing multimodal treatment is mandatory.

Prognostic Implications of Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT-Derived Parameters on Overall Survival in Various Types of Solid Tumors.

Tumoral fibroblast activation protein expression is associated with proliferation and angiogenesis and can be visualized by PET/CT. We examined the prognostic value of [Ga]Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) (Ga-FAPI)-46 PET/CT for different tumor entities in patients enrolled in 2 prospective imaging studies (NCT05160051, = 30; NCT04571086, = 115). Within 4 wk, 145 patients underwent Ga-FAPI-46 and [F]FDG (F-FDG) PET/CT.

5-HT and 5-HT receptor effects on recognition memory, motor/exploratory behaviors, emotionality and regional dopamine transporter binding in the rat.

Both dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) play key roles in numerous functions including motor control, stress response and learning. So far, there is scarce or conflicting evidence about the effects of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptor (R) agonists and antagonists on recognition memory in the rat. This also holds for their effect on cerebral DA as well as 5-HT release.

Neoadjuvant nivolumab with or without relatlimab in resectable non-small-cell lung cancer: a randomized phase 2 trial.

Antibodies targeting the immune checkpoint molecules PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4, administered alone or in combination with chemotherapy, are the standard of care in most patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancers. When given before curative surgery, tumor responses and improved event-free survival are achieved. New antibody combinations may be more efficacious and tolerable.

Impact of Bronchoscopic Lung Volume Reduction with Valves on the Pulmonary Gas Exchange.

Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) with endobronchial valves has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment for patients with severe lung emphysema. Previous studies have reported a benefit in pulmonary function, exercise capacity, and quality of life after BLVR-treatment. The effect of BLVR with valves on the pulmonary gas exchange and its association with clinical outcomes has not been analyzed to date.

Body composition impacts outcome of bronchoscopic lung volume reduction in patients with severe emphysema: a fully automated CT-based analysis.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterized by progressive and irreversible airflow limitation, with individual body composition influencing disease severity. Severe emphysema worsens symptoms through hyperinflation, which can be relieved by bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR). To investigate how body composition, assessed through CT scans, impacts outcomes in emphysema patients undergoing BLVR.

Early Metabolic Response by PET Predicts Sensitivity to Next-Line Targeted Therapy in -Mutated Lung Cancer with Unknown Mechanism of Acquired Resistance.

Targeted therapy with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has established the precision oncology paradigm in lung cancer. Most patients with -mutated lung cancer respond but eventually acquire resistance. Patients exhibiting the p.

LIONS PREY: A New Logistic Scoring System for the Prediction of Malignant Pulmonary Nodules.

Objectives: Classifying radiologic pulmonary lesions as malignant is challenging. Scoring systems like the Mayo model lack precision in predicting the probability of malignancy. We developed the logistic scoring system 'LIONS PREY' (Lung lesION Score PREdicts malignancY), which is superior to existing models in its precision in determining the likelihood of malignancy.

Ga-SSO-120 PET for Initial Staging of Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

PET imaging using the somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) antagonist satoreotide trizoxetan (SSO-120, previously OPS-202) could offer accurate tumor detection and screening for SSTR2-antagonist radionuclide therapy in patients with SSTR2-expressing small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The aim of this single-center study was to investigate tumor uptake and detection rates of Ga-SSO-120 in comparison to F-FDG PET in the initial staging of SCLC patients. Patients with newly diagnosed SCLC who underwent additional whole-body Ga-SSO-120 PET/CT during the initial diagnostic workup were retrospectively included.

Accuracy of nodal staging by 18F-FDG-PET/CT in limited disease small-cell lung cancer.

Background: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is highly aggressive with a nearly incurable disease in most cases. The most important prognostic factor is the status of the mediastinal lymph nodes. Only a small proportion of patients can be diagnosed at early stages and directed to curative multimodal treatment.

Preoperative PET-SUVmax and volume based PET parameters of the primary tumor fail to predict nodal upstaging in early-stage lung cancer.

Objectives: Accurate nodal staging is of utmost importance in patients with lung cancer. FDG-PET/CT imaging is now part of the routine staging. Despite thorough preoperative staging nodal upstaging still occurs in early-stage lung cancer.

Fibroblast-Activation Protein PET and Histopathology in a Single-Center Database of 324 Patients and 21 Tumor Entities.

We present an overview of our prospective fibroblast-activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) registry study across a 3-y period, with head-to-head comparison of tumor uptake in Ga-FAPI and F-FDG PET, as well as FAP immunohistochemistry. This is an interim analysis of the ongoing Ga-FAPI PET prospective observational trial at our department. Patients who underwent clinical imaging with Ga-FAPI PET between October 2018 and October 2021 were included.

Histological Validation of FDG and PSMA-Targeted PET/CT Imaging in a Rare Tracheal Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma.

Adenoid cystic carcinomas are the second most common entity of tracheal malignancies, which have an overall incidence as low as only 0.2 in 100,000 persons per year. We present the case of a 64-year-old man with a histologically confirmed adenoid cystic carcinoma who sequentially underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT and 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT within 1 day for staging 3 days before surgical resection of the tumor.

Prediction of malignant lymph nodes in NSCLC by machine-learning classifiers using EBUS-TBNA and PET/CT.

Accurate determination of lymph-node (LN) metastases is a prerequisite for high precision radiotherapy. The primary aim is to characterise the performance of PET/CT-based machine-learning classifiers to predict LN-involvement by endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in stage-III NSCLC. Prediction models for LN-positivity based on [F]FDG-PET/CT features were built using logistic regression and machine-learning models random forest (RF) and multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP) for stage-III NSCLC before radiochemotherapy.