Tannic acid‑cerium nanoenzymes serve as broad-spectrum antioxidants to alleviate acute kidney injury by modulating macrophage polarization, mitophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a critical condition marked by a rapid decline in renal function, primarily driven by oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation. Despite extensive research, effective therapeutic strategies addressing the complex pathophysiology of AKI remain limited. In this study, we prepared a tannic acid‑cerium nanoenzyme (TA-Ce) and explored its potential for treating AKI.

A multi-verse optimizer-based CNN-BiLSTM pixel-level detection model for peanut aflatoxins.

Peanuts are highly susceptible to contamination by aflatoxins, posing a significant threat to human health. This study aims to enhance the accuracy of pixel-level aflatoxin detection in hyperspectral images using an optimized deep learning method. This study developed a CNN-BiLSTM fusion model optimized by the Multi-Verse Optimizer (MVO) algorithm, specifically designed to detect aflatoxins with high precision.

Recent advances of multifunctional zwitterionic polymers for biomedical application.

Zwitterionic polymers possess equal total positive and negative charges in the repeating units, making them electrically neutral overall. This unique property results in superhydrophilicity, which makes the zwitterionic polymers highly effective in resisting protein adsorption, thus endowing the drug carriers with long blood circulation time, inhibiting thrombus formation on biomedical devices in contact with blood, and ensuring the good sensitivity of sensors in biomedical application. Moreover, zwitterionic polymers have tumor-targeting ability and pH-responsiveness, rendering them ideal candidates for antitumor drug delivery.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the heterogeneity of hepatic non-parenchymal cell responses to chronic PFO5DoDA exposure in male mice.

Perfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic acids (PFECA) have emerged as novel alternatives to legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Existing research has revealed hepatoxicity induced by various PFAS, including PFECA. However, these studies have primarily focused on overall changes in whole liver tissue, particularly in hepatocytes, with the impact of PFAS on diverse liver non-parenchymal cells (NPCs) still inadequately understood.

Accumulation and glucocorticoid signaling suppression by four emerging perfluoroethercarboxylic acids based on animal exposure and cell testing.

Various perfluoroethercarboxylic acids (PFECA) have emerged as next-generation replacements of legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). However, there is a paucity of information regarding their bioaccumulation ability and hazard characterization. Here, we explored the accumulation and hepatotoxicity of four PFECA compounds (HFPO-DA, HFPO-TA, PFO4DA, and PFO5DoDA) in comparison to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) after chronic low-dose exposure in mice.

PFO5DoDA disrupts hepatic homeostasis primarily through glucocorticoid signaling inhibition.

Legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a worldwide health concern due to their potential bioaccumulation and toxicity in humans. A variety of perfluoroether carboxylic acids (PFECAs) have been developed as next-generation replacements of legacy PFASs. However, information regarding their possible environmental and human health risks is limited.

Compound variants of FKTN, POMGNT1, and LAMB1 gene identified by prenatal whole-exome sequencing in three fetuses with congenital hydrocephalus.

Congenital hydrocephalus (CH) is a severe birth defect, and genetics components is an important etiology. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) has been proven to be a feasible approach for prenatal diagnosis of CH. In this study, we carried out WES on three fetuses with cerebral ventriculomegaly.

[Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome caused by CCDC22 gene mutation: a case report].

A boy, aged 1 month, attended the hospital due to feeding difficulty and hypotonia. He had unusual facial features (prominent forehead, hypertelorism, ptosis of the lateral canthus, thin upper lip, and low-set ears), hypotonia, and a decreased score of neonatal behavioral neurological assessment. Heart ultrasound showed atrial septal defect.

[Results of carrier screening and prenatal diagnosis for FMR1 gene in 819 cases].

Objective: To determine the carrier rate of Fragile X mental retardation 1 gene (FMR1) mutants in women with a history of adverse pregnancy or childbirth, and to provide prenatal diagnosis for the carriers.

Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from women with a history of adverse pregnancy or childbirth, and the FMR1 gene cytosine-guanine-guanine repeat number (CGG)n was determined by triple-repeat primer polymerase chain reaction (TP-PCR) combined with capillary electrophoresis. Prenatal diagnosis was provided for the carriers during pregnancy.

Prenatal diagnosis of cri-du-chat syndrome by SNP array: report of twelve cases and review of the literature.

Background: Cri-du-chat syndrome (CdCS; OMIM#123450) is a classic contiguous gene syndrome caused by chromosome 5p terminal deletion (5p-), which characterized by a high-pitched cat-like cry, developmental delay, severe psychomotor, mental retardation, and dysmorphic features in infancy. Prenatal diagnosis of CdCS is difficult due to the non-specific ultrasound features. And reports using array analysis are rare.

[Application of single nucleotide polymorphism-array for the diagnosis of Williams-Beuren syndrome in a case].

Objective: To apply single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP-array) for the diagnosis of Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) in a patient.

Methods: Chromosome G-banding and SNP-array were used to analyze a girl featuring mental retardation.

Results: The karyotypes of the child and her parents were all normal, but SNP-array showed a 1.

Parasitic loss suppression in photonic and plasmonic photovoltaic light trapping structures.

In this paper, we examine the optical loss mechanisms and mitigation strategies in classical photovoltaic light trapping structures consisting of diffractive gratings integrated with a backside reflector, which couple normal incident solar radiation into guided modes in solar cells to enhance optical absorption. Parasitic absorption from metal or dielectric backside reflectors is identified to be a major loss contributor in such light trapping structures. We elucidate the optical loss mechanism based on the classical coupled mode theory.