Temporal colonization and metabolic regulation of the gut microbiome in neonatal oxen at single nucleotide resolution.

The colonization of microbes in the gut is key to establishing a healthy host-microbiome symbiosis for newborns. We longitudinally profiled the gut microbiome in a model consisting of 36 neonatal oxen from birth up to 2 months postpartum and carried out microbial transplantation to reshape their gut microbiome. Genomic reconstruction of deeply sequenced fecal samples resulted in a total of 3931 metagenomic-assembled genomes from 472 representative species, of which 184 were identified as new species when compared with existing databases of oxen.

Early microbial intervention reshapes phenotypes of newborn Bos taurus through metabolic regulations.

Background: The rumen of neonatal calves has limited functionality, and establishing intestinal microbiota may play a crucial role in their health and performance. Thus, we aim to explore the temporal colonization of the gut microbiome and the benefits of early microbial transplantation (MT) in newborn calves.

Results: We followed 36 newborn calves for 2 months and found that the composition and ecological interactions of their gut microbiomes likely reached maturity 1 month after birth.

Urocortin2 attenuates diabetic coronary microvascular dysfunction by regulating macrophage extracellular vesicles.

Diabetic patients develop coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) and exhibit high mortality of coronary artery disease. Methylglyoxal (MGO) largely accumulates in the circulation due to diabetes. We addressed whether macrophages exposed to MGO exhibited damaging effect on the coronary artery and whether urocortin2 (UCN2) serve as protecting factors against such diabetes-associated complication.

The RAISE Trial: A Novel Device and First-in-Man Trial.

Background: Currently, standard medical therapies have limited effects on heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), which impacts on the life quality and survival of patients. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the percutaneous radiofrequency ablation-based interatrial shunting for HFpEF with a novel atrial septostomy device.

Methods: A preclinical study in 11 normal domestic pigs and the first-in-man study in 10 patients with HFpEF were performed.

Monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio (MHR) and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a nationwide cohort study in the United States.

Background: Elevated monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio (MHR) is relevant to higher all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with coronary artery disease and other comorbidities. However, the predictive values of MHR for mortality in the general population have been underutilized. This study investigated the association of MHR with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the adult population of the United States.

Prognostic Role of Neutrophil to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio for All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in the General Population.

Background: Neutrophil counts to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR), a composite marker of inflammation and lipid metabolism, has been considered as a predictor of clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke and acute myocardial infarction. However, the predictive value of NHR for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the general population remains unclear.

Methods: Our study population comprised 34,335 adults in the United States obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (1999-2014) and were grouped in accordance with tertiles of NHR.

Association Between Waist Circumference and the Prevalence of (Pre) Hypertension Among 27,894 US Adults.

This study aimed to investigate the association between waist circumference and the prevalence of (pre) hypertension. Cross-sectional data from the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. The historical trend of abdominal obesity was assessed by the Cochran-Armitage trend test.

A novel parametric method-based nomogram of left ventricular internal diameters in normal Chinese adults.

Background: Current echocardiographic normal reference values and nomograms in healthy adults are commonly normalized by body surface area (BSA) with simple linear or isometric corrections. However, various lines of evidence suggest this method might be flawed. In this study, we established the normative data of left ventricular internal diameter (LViD) by BSA-correlated regression equations with the calculation of Z-scores in healthy Han Chinese adults.

Correlation between Serum Calcineurin Activity and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Hypertensive Patients and Its Clinical Significance.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between calcineurin (CaN) and hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy (HLVH) and to evaluate its potential clinical significance.

Design: The study involved 160 patients diagnosed with hypertension and 42 controls. Based on the exclusion criteria, 42 were not eligible for this study.