Evaluation of Adefovir PBPK Model to Assess Biomarker-Informed OAT1 Drug-Drug Interaction and Effect of Chronic Kidney Disease.

Evaluation of transporter-mediated drug-drug interactions (DDI) with endogenous biomarkers, coupled with physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling (PBPK) is envisioned to replace or reduce dedicated DDI clinical trials with clinical probe substrates. The current study developed a PBPK model of adefovir (OAT1 clinical probe) by incorporating experimental measurements of adefovir passive diffusion and OAT1-mediated transport in a mechanistic kidney model for in vitro-in vivo extrapolation of its secretion and renal clearance. The adefovir model was verified with clinical data from nine studies (188 subjects) investigating a range of adefovir intravenous and adefovir-dipivoxil oral doses in White, Japanese, and Chinese populations with healthy renal function.

Exploring the association between exposure to pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and phthalates and metabolic syndrome in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in the USA, 2007-2012: utilizing a multi-step statistical strategy.

Background: Pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and phthalates are recognized as potential contributors to metabolic disorders. Nevertheless, the combined effect of simultaneous exposure to these chemicals on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains elusive.

Objectives: To explore the impacts of simultaneous exposure to pesticides, PAHs and phthalates and identify critical chemicals on MetS.

The Associations between Breastfeeding and Early Childhood Caries: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: The association between breastfeeding status and early childhood caries (ECC) remains inconclusive. Few studies evaluate the breastfeeding status including both duration and exclusivity according to the WHO recommendations on breastfeeding. This study aimed to investigate the association between breastfeeding status and ECC.

[Safety of closed traction appliance in the treatment of impacted anterior teeth and its effect on pulp blood flow and masticatory function].

Purpose: To analyze the safety of closed traction appliance in the treatment of impacted anterior teeth and its effect on pulp blood flow and masticatory function.

Methods: A total of 80 patients with impacted anterior teeth who received treatment from January 2017 to December 2022 were selected, and randomly divided into experimental group and control group with 40 cases in each group. The two groups of patients were treated with occlusion adjustment and orthodontic traction.

The Combination of Super-Active Platelet Lysate and Acellular Amniotic Membrane Enhances Endometrial Receptivity, While Simultaneously Facilitating Endometrial Repair in Rats.

Purpose: To investigate the combined effects of super-active platelet lysate (sPL) and acellular amniotic membrane (AAM) in promoting endometrial repair and enhancing endometrial receptivity in rats.

Methods: The characteristics of sPL-AAM were examined through scanning electron microscopy, contact angle tester, and release experiments. We aimed to establish a rat model for endometrial injury.

Association between the recommended volume of leisure-time physical activity and erectile dysfunction: A cross-sectional analysis of the national health and nutrition examination survey, 2001-2004.

Objective: Physical activity-related interventions alleviate the severity of erectile dysfunction (ED), but it is unknown whether the recommended volume of physical activity (PA) or a higher level of physical activity reduces the likelihood of ED in adult males. We aimed to evaluate the association between the recommended volume of PA and ED among US male adults.

Design: A nationally representative cross-sectional survey.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Pattern of MYB Family Transcription Factors in .

MYB family genes have many functions and are widely involved in plant abiotic-stress responses. is an important donor material for stress-resistance genes in sugarcane breeding. However, the family genes in have not been systematically investigated.

[Heavy Metal Pollution and Health Risk Assessment in Karst Basin Around a Lead-Zinc Mine].

Water quality is one of the most important environmental issues in the sustainable development of karst areas. To investigate heavy metal pollution and assess health risk in karst water basins around mines, 18 groups of water samples were collected from the river and groundwater in the Sidi River karst basin, and the concentrations of nine types of heavy metals(Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Mn, Fe, As, Cr, and Sr) were determined. Sample data were analyzed using principal component analysis, correlation analysis, water quality index, the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index, hazard quotient, and hazard index.

Fully Active Delivery of Nanodrugs In Vivo via Remote Optical Manipulation.

The active delivery of nanodrugs has been a bottleneck problem in nanomedicine. While modification of nanodrugs with targeting agents can enhance their retention at the lesion location, the transportation of nanodrugs in the circulation system is still a passive process. The navigation of nanodrugs with external forces such as magnetic field has been shown to be effective for active delivery, but the existing techniques are limited to specific materials like magnetic nanoparticles.

Optically Programmable Living Microrouter in Vivo.

With high reconfigurability and swarming intelligence, programmable medical micromachines (PMMs) represent a revolution in microrobots for executing complex coordinated tasks, especially for dynamic routing of various targets along their respective routes. However, it is difficult to achieve a biocompatible implantation into the body due to their exogenous building blocks. Herein, a living microrouter based on an organic integration of endogenous red blood cells (RBCs), programmable scanning optical tweezers and flexible optofluidic strategy is reported.

Effect of Void Defects on the Indentation Behavior of Ni/Ni3Al Crystal.

Inconel 718 (IN 718) superalloys are widely used as engineering materials owing to their superior mechanical performance. And voids are unavoidable defects in IN 718 superalloy preparation, which dramatically affect the mechanical properties of IN 718 superalloys. In this work, the effects of void radius, distance from the top of the void to the substrate surface, and substrate temperature on the mechanical properties of the Ni/Ni3Al crystal are systematically investigated.

Genome-Wide Identification, Evolution, and Expression Analyses of AP2/ERF Family Transcription Factors in .

The AP2/ERF transcription factor family is one of the most important gene families in plants and plays a vital role in plant abiotic stress responses. Although is very important in the genetic improvement of sugarcane, there are few studies concerning genes in . Here, we identified 145 genes in the genome.

Association between napping and 24-hour blood pressure variability among university students: A pilot study.

Background: Blood pressure variability (BPV) has been reported to be a predictor of cardiovascular and some cognitive diseases. However, the association between napping and BPV remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the association between napping and BPV.

Exploration and preliminary clinical investigation of an adhesive approach for primary tooth restoration.

The current study aims to investigate a suitable adhesive for primary tooth enamel. Shear bond strength (SBS) of primary teeth and the length of resin protrusion were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple comparison tests after etching with 35% H PO . SBS and marginal microleakage tests were conducted with Single Bond Universal (SBU)/Single Bond 2 (SB2) adhesives with or without pre-etching using a nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test.

An Optically Controlled Virtual Microsensor for Biomarker Detection In Vivo.

Current technologies for the real-time analysis of biomarkers in vivo, such as needle-type microelectrodes and molecular imaging methods based on exogenous contrast agents, are still facing great challenges in either invasive detection or lack of active control of the imaging probes. In this study, by combining the design concepts of needle-type microelectrodes and the fluorescence imaging method, a new technique is developed for detecting biomarkers in vivo, named as "optically controlled virtual microsensor" (OCViM). OCViM is established by the organic integration of a specially shaped laser beam and fluorescent nanoprobe, which serve as the virtual handle and sensor tip, respectively.

Associations between PM exposure and infant growth: A mediation analysis of oral microbiota.

Background: Previous studies have linked growth retardation with ambient fine particulate matter (PM) exposure. However, few studies explored such association from the perspective of microbiota, such as oral microbiota. We aimed to identify the potential role of oral microbiota in the links between PM exposure and infant growth.

Effect of Hepatitis B Virus Infection on Sperm Quality and Outcomes of Assisted Reproductive Techniques in Infertile Males.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the health problems and has adverse effects on public health. However, the consequences of male HBV carriers for assisted reproductive techniques (ART) remain unclear. To examine whether men with HBV would impact sperm quality and the intrauterine insemination (IUI)/ fertilization (IVF)/ intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes.

Baihe Jizihuang Tang Ameliorates Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress-Induced Depression-Like Behavior: Integrating Network Pharmacology and Brain-Gut Axis Evaluation.

Baihe Jizihuang Tang (BHT) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription, which can also be used as a nutritional food with medicinal value. Herein, we aimed to clarify the antidepressive effects and molecular mechanism of BHT. Network pharmacological analysis; chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rat model assessment; behavioral tests; analysis of hippocampal neurotransmitter levels, hippocampal pathological structure, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis; western blot analysis; 16s RNA sequencing; ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC)/mass spectrometry (MS); and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/ultraviolet (UV) analysis were used.

Design of ultrasonic standing wave levitation support for three-dimensional printed filaments.

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) three-dimensional (3D) printing is the process of forming a part by depositing molten thermoplastic materials layer by layer. Support structures need to be added below the overhangs or bridges in 3D printing. This paper proposes an idea for support-free FDM printing by studying the method of filament levitation.

In silico analysis of the potential mechanism of a preventive Chinese medicine formula on coronavirus disease 2019.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: With the spread of Coronavirus Disease (2019) (COVID-19), combination with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used as a prevention and therapy strategy in China. Xin guan No.1 (XG-1) prescription is a preventive formula recommended by the Hunan Provincial Administration of TCM to prevent the pandemic of COVID-19.

Chaihu-Longgu-Muli Decoction exerts an antiepileptic effect in rats by improving pyroptosis in hippocampal neurons.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Chaihu-Longgu-Muli Decoction (CLMD) is a classic prescription created by Zhong-jing Zhang, a famous ancient Chinese medical scientist, to harmonize uncontrollable body activities and calm the minds. Now Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) physicians often apply it to treat psychiatric diseases such as epilepsy.

Aim Of The Study: This study investigated the mechanism of the effect of Chaihu-Longgu-Muli Decoction (CLMD) on hippocampal neurons pyroptosis in rats with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE).

Network Pharmacology-Based Strategy Reveals the Effects of Maxim.- Compound on Oxidative Capacity and Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis in Rats with Diabetic Cardiomyopathy.

Objective: To explore the effects of the Maxim.- compound (Huangqi-Danshen Compound (HDC)) on oxidative capacity and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rats with diabetic cardiomyopathy by a network pharmacology-based strategy.

Methods: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)@Taiwan, TCM Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), TCM Integrated Database (TCMID), and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) technology were used to obtain and screen HDC's active components, and the PharmMapper database was used to predict HDC human target protein targets.

A metabolomic study on the association of exposure to heavy metals in the first trimester with primary tooth eruption.

Background: The influence of prenatal heavy metals exposure on primary tooth eruption in humans is rarely reported.

Aim: Based on the cohort study design, we investigated the association of exposure to 12 heavy metals in the first trimester with primary tooth eruption, and the maternal metabolisms in the first trimester which might be related to the above relationship.

Methods: Maternal urine samples were collected in their first trimester, and 12 metals (Ti, V, Fe, Co, Cu, As, Se, Cd, Sn, Hg, Tl, U) were measured using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method.

Associations of maternal, perinatal and postnatal factors with the eruption timing of the first primary tooth.

We recruited 1296 mothers in their first trimester from the Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between May 2014 and September 2015 to investigate the associations of maternal, perinatal and postnatal factors with the eruption timing of the first primary tooth (ETFPT) in a Chinese population. We collected maternal demographic information and clinical data during the perinatal and postnatal period, and oral examinations of the infants were performed by a doctor at 6, 9 and 12 months of age. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify significant explanatory variables for ETFPT.