Interfacial Atomic Mechanisms of Single-Crystalline MoS Epitaxy on Sapphire.

The epitaxial growth of molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) on sapphire substrates enables the formation of single-crystalline monolayer MoS₂ with exceptional material properties on a wafer scale. Despite this achievement, the underlying growth mechanisms remain a subject of debate. The epitaxial interface is critical for understanding these mechanisms, yet its exact atomic configuration has previously been unclear.

Higher HEI-2015 score is associated with reduced risk of fecal incontinence: insights from a large cross-sectional study.

Objective: Diet habit plays a vital role in fecal incontinence (FI) progression. However, it remains unknown whether dietary quality is related to FI. Our study sought to explore the relationship between healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) score and FI among US adults.

A Cluster-Based Deep Learning Model Perceiving Series Correlation for Accurate Prediction of Phonon Spectrum.

The spectral properties are the most prevalent continuous representation for characterizing transport phenomena and excitation responses, yet their accurate predictions remain a challenge due to the inability to perceive series correlations by existing machine learning (ML) models. Herein, a ML model named cluster-based series graph networks (CSGN) is developed based on the dynamical theory of crystal lattices to predict phonon density of states (PDOS) spectrum for crystal materials. The multiple atomic cluster representation is constructed to capture the diverse vibration modes, while the mixture Gaussian process and dynamic time warping mechanism are compiled to project from clusters to PDOS spectrum.

Current Applications of Colorectal Cancer Organoids: A Review.

Colorectal cancer is a prevalent malignancy, with advanced and metastatic forms exhibiting poor treatment outcomes and high relapse rates. To enhance patient outcomes, a comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiological processes and the development of targeted therapies are imperative. The high heterogeneity of colorectal cancer demands precise and personalized treatment strategies.

Unconventional Piezoelectricity of Two-Dimensional Materials Driven by the Hall Effect.

Piezoelectricity has been widely explored for nanoelectromechanical applications, yet its working modes are mainly limited in polar directions. Here we discover the intrinsic electro-mechanical response in crystal materials that is transverse to the conventional polarized direction, which is named unconventional piezoelectricity. A Hall-like mechanism is proposed to interpret unconventional piezoelectricity as charge polarization driven by a built-in electric field for systems with asymmetric Berry curvature distributions.

Material symmetry recognition and property prediction accomplished by crystal capsule representation.

Learning the global crystal symmetry and interpreting the equivariant information is crucial for accurately predicting material properties, yet remains to be fully accomplished by existing algorithms based on convolution networks. To overcome this challenge, here we develop a machine learning (ML) model, named symmetry-enhanced equivariance network (SEN), to build material representation with joint structure-chemical patterns, to encode important clusters embedded in the crystal structure, and to learn pattern equivariance in different scales via capsule transformers. Quantitative analyses of the intermediate matrices demonstrate that the intrinsic crystal symmetries and interactions between clusters have been exactly perceived by the SEN model and critically affect the prediction performances by reducing effective feature space.

Thyroid-stimulating hormone-thyroid hormone signaling contributes to circadian regulation through repressing clock2/npas2 in zebrafish.

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is important for the thyroid gland, development, growth, and metabolism. Defects in TSH production or the thyrotrope cells within the pituitary gland cause congenital hypothyroidism (CH), resulting in growth retardation and neurocognitive impairment. While human TSH is known to display rhythmicity, the molecular mechanisms underlying the circadian regulation of TSH and the effects of TSH-thyroid hormone (TH) signaling on the circadian clock remain elusive.

Qili Qiangxin capsules for chronic heart failure: A GRADE-assessed clinical evidence and preclinical mechanism.

Introduction: Chronic heart failure (CHF) has become an increasing concern with the aging of the population. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Qili Qiangxin capsules (QLQX) for CHF.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis on clinical studies was conducted.

Correction to: LncRNA MIR497HG inhibits colorectal cancer progression by the miR-3918/ axis.

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12041-022-01367-w.

LncRNA MIR497HG inhibits colorectal cancer progression by the miR-3918/ axis.

The roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been discussed and analysed in previous studies. The messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are frequently reported to be regulated by lncRNAsin colorectal cancer (CRC).Here,we elucidated the role of themRNAactin gamma 2 () in CRC progression using SW837 and LOVO cells.

A Pharmacoinformatics Analysis of Artemisinin Targets and Design of Hits for Treating Ulcerative Colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC), as an intractably treated disease, seriously affects the quality of life of patients and has an increase in terms of incidence and prevalence annually. However, due to the lack of a direct etiology and drug-induced side effects, the medical treatment of UC falls into a bottleneck. There are many natural phytochemicals with the potential to regulate immune function in nature.

Flexible Piezoelectricity of Two-Dimensional Materials Governed by Effective Berry Curvature.

Two-dimensional piezoelectric materials have been regarded as ideal candidates for flexible and versatile nanoelectromechanical systems, yet their fundamental piezoelectric mechanisms remain to be fully understood. Employing joint theoretical-statistical analyses, we develop universal models for quantifying the piezoelectricity of three-coordinated honeycomb-like monolayers at the atomistic level. The theoretical model within the framework of modern polarization theory suggests that the distribution of effective Berry curvature is essential for interpreting the relation between microscopic/electronic structures and piezoelectric properties.

Optimization and mechanism of oily sludge treatment by a novel combined surfactants with activated-persulfate method.

Recently, the extensive discharge of oily sludge, due to excessive use of fossil oil, has become a serious worldwide concern, as it leads to serious environmental pollution and even threat human health. However, the complex properties and compositions of oily sludge make it difficult for the treatment of oily sludge. This study proposed a novel method of combined degradation of oily sludge by surfactants with activated-persulfate, and analyzed the degradation efficiency and degradation pathway.

Selective Inhibition of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Attenuates High-Fat Diet-Induced Hepatic Steatosis in Mice.

Introduction: The effect of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type1 (11β-HSD1) inhibition on hepatic steatosis is incompletely understood. Here, we aimed to determine the therapeutic effect of BVT.2733, a selective 11β-HSD1 inhibitor, on hepatic steatosis.

Cross-Linking and Charging Molecular Magnetoelectronics.

Magnetoelectrics are witnessing an ever-growing success toward the voltage-controlled magnetism derived from inorganic materials. However, these inorganic materials have predominantly focused on the ferroelectromagnetism at solid-to-solid interfaces and suffered several drawbacks, including the interface-sensitive coupling mediators, high-power electric field, and limited chemical tunability. Here, we report a promising design strategy to shift the paradigm of next-generation molecular magnetoelectrics, which relies on the integration between molecular magnetism and electric conductivity though an in situ cross-linking strategy.

[Effect of Huangqin Decoction on pyroptosis pathway of NLRP3/caspase-1 in mice with ulcerative colitis].

To explore the effect of Huangqin Decoction on ulcerative colitis(UC) pyroptosis, and to explain the mechanism of pyroptosis based on NOD-like receptor thermoprotein domain 3(NLRP3)/cysteine proteinase 1(caspase-1) pathway. The animal model of UC induced with 3% dextran sodium sulfate(DSS) was established. The experimental animals were divided into control group, model group, low-dose(4.

Study on the preparation conditions and degradation performance of an efficient immobilized microbial agent for marine oil pollution.

In the process of handling marine oil spills accidents, the biological method has attracted wide attention due to its low cost and no secondary pollution. However, in the process of practical application, there are problems such as low microbial density and great influence of environmental factors when the oil is treated by spraying microorganisms on the sea surface. This study used immobilized microorganism technology to solve the above-mentioned problems.

A novel versatile instrument for combined studies of persistent luminescence, thermoluminescence, and mechanoluminescence in micro-scale.

This paper presents a new method for combined measurements of persistent luminescence (PersL), thermoluminescence (TL), and mechanoluminescence (ML) of luminescent materials in the micrometer scale. Both the hardware and software designs have been illustrated in detail, and the experimental procedures to execute the emission map, PersL, TL, and ML measurements have been demonstrated. The PersL, TL, and ML properties of the SrAlO:Eu, Dy micropowder, as well as the corresponding temperature variable emission spectra, have been measured.

[Bioinformatics analysis and systematic review of key genes and therapeutic traditional Chinese medicine of ulcerative colitis active stage].

Data GSE75214 and GSE48959 that contained ulcerative colitis(UC) in the active stage was download from GEO database. Differential genes of UC in the active phase were obtained by using adjusted P<0.05 and |log_2 FC|≥1.

Laser-engineered heavy hydrocarbons: Old materials with new opportunities.

Polycyclic heavy hydrocarbons (HHs) such as coal, tar, and pitch are a family of materials with extremely rich and complex chemistry, representing a massive opportunity for their use in a range of potential applications. The present work shows that optimal selection of initial HHs based on molecular constituents is essential in tuning the material for a particular and targeted electronic application. Combining the selection of feedstock chemistry (H:C and aromatic content) and controlling variable laser treatment parameters (laser power, speed, and focus) lead to full control over the H:C ratio, sp concentration, and degree of graphitic stacking order of the products.

Hot topics in global perianal fistula research: A scopus-based bibliometric analysis.

Background: The number of citations a scientific paper has received indicates its impact within any medical field. We performed a bibliometric analysis to highlight the key topics of the most frequently cited 100 articles on perianal fistula to determine the advances in this field.

Methods: The Scopus database was searched from 1960 to 2018 using the search terms "perianal fistula" or "anal fistula" or "fistula in ano" or "anal fistulae" or "anorectal fistulae" including full articles.

Quantification of Proliferative and Dead Cells in Enteroids.

The intestinal epithelium acts as a barrier that prevents luminal contents, such as pathogenic microbiota and toxins, from entering the rest of the body. Epithelial barrier function requires the integrity of intestinal epithelial cells. While epithelial cell proliferation maintains a continuous layer of cells that forms a barrier, epithelial damage leads to barrier dysfunction.