Risk Factors for Disseminated Tuberculosis and Associated Survival in Adults Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Background: The global resurgence of disseminated tuberculosis (TB) after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic highlights the necessity of understanding host risk factors, especially in adults without human immunodeficiency virus.

Methods: We reviewed TB cases admitted to Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from 2017 to 2022. We analyzed baseline characteristics and outcomes.

Serum cholesterol levels predict the survival in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A long-term follow up study.

Background: The relationship between serum lipid with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) required to be explored. We aim to evaluate the association of serum lipid levels with mortality in patients with IPF.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included IPF patients with more than three years follow-up.

Incidence and Risk Factors of Ophthalmic Nerve Palsy in Patients With Tuberculous Meningitis: A Retrospective Study and Literature Review.

Background: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) can lead to ophthalmic nerve palsy (ONP), a severe neurological complication. This study aims to evaluates the incidence and risk factors for ONP in TBM patients.

Methods: This retrospective study included 250 TBM patients from the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center (2013-2022).

PGC-1α regulates endoplasmic reticulum stress in IPF-derived fibroblasts.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is considered to be associated with aging. Both ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) have been associated with pulmonary fibrosis via key mechanisms including AEC apoptosis, EMT, altered myofibroblast differentiation, and M2 macrophage polarization. A relationship between ER stress and aging has also been demonstrated in vitro, with increased p16 and p21 levels seen in lung epithelial cells of older IPF patients.

Shared biomarkers and mechanisms in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Epidemiological evidence has indicated the occurrence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) with coexisting lung cancer is not a coincidence. The pathogenic mechanisms shared between IPF and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at the transcriptional level remain elusive and need to be further elucidated.

Methods: IPF and NSCLC datasets of expression profiles were obtained from the GEO database.

An observational study of clinical recurrence in patients with interstitial lung disease related to the antisynthetase syndrome.

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and risk factors of clinical recurrence in interstitial lung disease related to antisynthetase syndrome (ARS-ILD).

Methods: Patients diagnosed as ARS-ILD in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between January 2015 and November 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical information and treatment course were reviewed.

A Retrospective Analysis of Outcome in Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Gene 5-Related Interstitial Lung Disease Treated with Tofacitinib or Tacrolimus.

Objective: The efficacy of tofacitinib (TOF) in the early diagnosis of melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5)-related interstitial lung disease (ILD) has been described. However, whether TOF exposure is associated with a reduced 1-year mortality rate remains undetermined.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with MDA5-ILD receiving TOF or tacrolimus (TAC) treatment were included.

Effect of glial cells on remyelination after spinal cord injury.

Remyelination plays a key role in functional recovery of axons after spinal cord injury. Glial cells are the most abundant cells in the central nervous system. When spinal cord injury occurs, many glial cells at the lesion site are immediately activated, and different cells differentially affect inflammatory reactions after injury.

Familial Alzheimer's disease mutations in presenilins: effects on endoplasmic reticulum calcium homeostasis and correlation with clinical phenotypes.

Mutations in presenilins 1 and 2 (PS1 and PS2) are responsible for approximately 40% of all early onset familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) monogenic cases. Presenilins (PSs) function as the catalytic subunit of γ-secretase and support cleavage of the amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP). We previously discovered that PSs also function as passive endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium (Ca2+) leak channels and that most FAD mutations in PSs affected their ER Ca2+ leak function.

Direct regulation of egl-1 and of programmed cell death by the Hox protein MAB-5 and by CEH-20, a C. elegans homolog of Pbx1.

Hox genes are crucial determinants of cell fates and of body morphology of animals; mutations affecting these genes result in abnormal patterns of programmed cell death. How Hox genes regulate programmed cell death is an important and poorly understood aspect of normal development. In the nematode C.