IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON COASTAL ECOSYSTEM AND OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AMONG FOUR LARGEST COASTLINE COVERING COUNTRIES.

Climate change and coastal ecosystems have become challenging subjects for world sustainability. Humans, animals, and other ocean habitats are primarily affected by the harmful changes in climate. Coastal ecosystems support biodiversity and a wide range of species that serve as habitats for many commercially important fish species and enhance human activities in coastal areas.

The Nexus of Sports-Based Development and Education of Mental Health and Physical Fitness.

Physical inactivity has increased globally, particularly in developed nations. A high proportion of the human population is unable to meet the physical activity recommendation of the World Health Organisation due to hypertension, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and other medical conditions. Non-communicable diseases and mental health problems are becoming more prevalent, particularly in low and middle-income nations.

Nanomaterials pollutant's emission influencing outdoor recreation in China: Analytical strategies proceeding to sustainable environment.

The global demand for bioenergy and nanomaterial utilization has significantly contributed to their source depletion. The impact of outdoor pollutant emissions on residents' health, behavior, physical activity, and sleeping behavior is much less explored. Producing biofuels from organic waste has the potential to unite budget-friendliness and long-term sustainability.

Impact of plastic pollution on outdoor recreation in the existence of bearing capacity and perspective management.

Large-scale increases in plastic waste, greenhouse gas emissions, and fossil fuel depletion all have negative consequences for the environment. Plastic pollution can lead towards negative impacts on outdoor recreational activities. China and the European Union, as world leader in recycling and reuse, are tackling this issue by putting in place measures to counteract this trend for better outdoor recreational activities.

Ellagic Acid Exerts Beneficial Effects on Hyperuricemia by Inhibiting Xanthine Oxidase and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation.

Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disease caused by impaired uric acid (UA) metabolism. Ellagic acid (EA) is a natural small-molecule polyphenolic compound with known antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we evaluated the regulatory effects of EA on hyperuricemia and explored the underlying mechanisms.

Academic Stress, Physical Activity, Sleep, and Mental Health among Chinese Adolescents.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to examine the impacts of academic stress on physical activity and sleep, and subsequently their impacts on anxiety and depression.

Methods: This cross-sectional study collected data from a convenience sample of 1533 adolescents in an eastern province in China. Surveys were used to collect data on academic stress, anxiety, depression, sleep, physical activity, and demographics.

Establishment of a novel virus-induced virulence effector assay for the identification of virulence effectors of plant pathogens using a PVX-based expression vector.

Plant pathogens deliver virulence effectors into plant cells to modulate plant immunity and facilitate infection. Although species-specific virulence effector screening approaches have been developed for several pathogens, these assays do not apply to pathogens that cannot be cultured and/or transformed outside of their hosts. Here, we established a rapid and parallel screening assay, called the virus-induced virulence effector (VIVE) assay, to identify putative effectors in various plant pathogens, including unculturable pathogens, using a virus-based expression vector.

Effects of Jiazhu decoction in combination with cyclophosphamide on breast cancer in mice.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects of Jiazhu decoction (JZD) in combination with cyclophosphamide (CTX) on the growth of breast cancer in mice and to explore the possible molecular mechanisms of action.

Methods: BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups of 10 (untreated model group, JZD group, CTX group, and JZD + CTX group) and subcutaneously injected with 4T1 mouse breast cancer cells. Tumors were allowed to establish for ~7 d before initiation of treatment with CTX (100 mg/kg every week by intraperitoneal injection) and/or JZD (0.

Subsurface imaging of rigid particles buried in a polymer matrix based on atomic force microscopy mechanical sensing.

Several subsurface imaging methods based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) linear nanomechanical mapping, namely contact resonance (CR), bimodal and harmonic AFMs, are investigated and compared. Their respective subsurface detection capability is estimated and evaluated on a model specimen, which is prepared by embedding SiO microparticles in a PDMS elastomer. The measured CR frequency, bimodal and harmonic amplitudes are related to local mechanical properties by analyzing cantilever dynamics and further linked to subsurface depths of the particles by finite element analysis.

Subsurface imaging of flexible circuits via contact resonance atomic force microscopy.

Subsurface imaging of Au circuit structures embedded in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) thin films with a cover thickness ranging from 52 to 653 nm was carried out by using contact resonance atomic force microscopy (CR-AFM). The mechanical difference of the embedded metal layer leads to an obvious CR-AFM frequency shift and therefore its unambiguous differentiation from the polymer matrix. The contact stiffness contrast, determined from the tracked frequency images, was employed for quantitative evaluation.

Preparation of highly interconnected porous polymer microbeads suspension polymerization of high internal phase emulsions for fast removal of oil spillage from aqueous environments.

In this paper, we report on the fabrication of highly interconnected porous poly(butyl acrylate--stearyl methacrylate--styrene--divinylbenzene) (P(BA-SMA-St-DVB)) monoliths and microbeads the polymerization of high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) and double emulsions by using a 75% to 85% internal water phase. The morphology and specific surface area were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements, respectively. The oil absorbency, including oil absorption, oil absorption rate and oil retention ratio of as-prepared resins (both monoliths and microbeads), was studied by using kerosene and carbon tetrachloride as analogues of oil pollutants.

Tumor Reoxygenation and Blood Perfusion Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy using Ultrathin Graphdiyne Oxide Nanosheets.

Both diffusion-limited and perfusion-limited hypoxia are associated with tumor progression, metastasis, and the resistance to therapeutic modalities. A strategy that can efficiently overcome both types of hypoxia to enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment has not been reported yet. Here, it is shown that by using biomimetic ultrathin graphdiyne oxide (GDYO) nanosheets, both types of hypoxia can be simultaneously addressed toward an ideal photodynamic therapy (PDT).

Ectopic expression of a β-carotene hydroxylase gene () promotes UV and oxidative stress resistance by metabolic engineering of zeaxanthin in tobacco.

To investigate the biological function of zeaxanthin under UV light and oxidative stress we have increased its biosynthesis capacity in tobacco plants (. SR-1) by transformation with β-carotene hydroxylase gene () under constitutive promoter control. The transformants synthesized zeaxanthin about 30% more than the controls under UV irradiation.

Mechanical Activation of Platinum-Acetylide Complex for Olefin Hydrosilylation.

Harnessing mechanical forces to activate latent catalysts has emerged as a novel approach to control the catalytic reactions in organic syntheses and polymerization processes. However, using polymer mechanochemistry to activate platinum-based catalysts, a class of important organometallic catalysts in industry, has not been demonstrated so far. Here we show that the platinum-acetylide complex is mechanoresponsive and can be incorporated into a polymer backbone to form a new mechanophore.

Nitrogen-Doped Hollow Carbon Nanospheres for High-Performance Li-Ion Batteries.

N-doped carbon materials is of particular attraction for anodes of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of their high surface areas, superior electrical conductivity, and excellent mechanical strength, which can store energy by adsorption/desorption of Li at the interfaces between the electrolyte and electrode. By directly carbonization of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 nanospheres synthesized by an emulsion-based interfacial reaction, we obtained N-doped hollow carbon nanospheres with tunable shell thickness (20 nm to solid sphere) and different N dopant concentrations (3.9 to 21.

TLR4 rs1927911, but not TLR2 rs5743708, is associated with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction in the Southern Han population: a case-control study.

The objective of this study was to explore the association of toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 rs1927911 and TLR2 rs5743708 with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (ACI) and their effects on blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and blood lipids in the Han population of Hunan Province. TLR4 rs1927911 and TLR2 rs5743708 were detected by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism in 170 patients with ACI and 149 healthy controls. Our results indicated that the genotype and allele frequencies of TLR4 rs1927911 were significantly different between ACI patients and controls, whereas those of TLR2 rs5743708 were not significantly different between the 2 groups.

Preparation of high internal water-phase double emulsions stabilized by a single anionic surfactant for fabricating interconnecting porous polymer microspheres.

Herein we report a one-step method to prepare high internal water-phase double emulsions (W/O/W) via catastrophic phase inversion of water-in-oil high internal phase emulsions (W/O HIPEs) stabilized solely by 12-acryloxy-9-octadecenoic acid (AOA) through increasing the content of water phase. This is the first time for double emulsions to be stabilized solely by a single small molecular surfactant, which are usually costabilized by both hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfactants. After neutralized with ammonia, AOA is confirmed to be capable of stabilizing both W/O emulsions and O/W emulsions, which may account for its unique ability to stabilize double emulsions.

Hollow metal-organic framework nanospheres via emulsion-based interfacial synthesis and their application in size-selective catalysis.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) represent an emerging class of crystalline materials with well-defined pore structures and hold great potentials in a wide range of important applications. The functionality of MOFs can be further extended by integration with other functional materials, e.g.

UV light induced plasticization and light activated shape memory of spiropyran doped ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers.

Light activated shape memory polymers (LASMPs) are relatively new kinds of smart materials and have significant technological applications ranging from biomedical devices to aerospace technology. EVA films doped with spiropyran with contents ranging from 0.1% to 3% show efficient UV activated shape memory behaviors if the fixed shape deformation is limited within 80%.

Facile preparation of raspberry-like superhydrophobic polystyrene particles via seeded dispersion polymerization.

A simple and facile approach was developed to fabricate raspberry-like or snowman-like particles via seeded dispersion polymerization by just changing the ratio of second monomer styrene (St) to seeds in which poly(styrene-co-hydrolyzed-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane) [P(St-co-MPS)] latex was used as seeds with hydrolyzed-MPS as a cross-linking agent. The morphologies of final products were confirmed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Interestingly, the seed part of snowman-like particles showed raspberry-like with adsorbing quantities of PS particles while the other part smooth.

Synthesis of anisotropic polymer/inorganic particles via asymmetric swelling-dissolving process.

In this work, an asymmetric swelling-dissolving process of original submicrometer-sized decentered sulfonated polystyrene/silica (SPS/silica) particles in a ternary mixed solvent (water/ethanol/heptane) was first reported. Actinia-like and porous snowman-like SPS/silica composite particles are fabricated through tuning the composition of the ternary mixed solvent. Actinia-like particles, with a silica core embedded in a "blooming" SPS matrix, are obtained when the composition of the mixed solvent is 5 g/5 g/0.

Influence of different fermentation raw materials on pyrolyzates of Pu-erh tea theabrownin by Curie-point pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy.

Scope: In this study, Pu-erh tea was prepared by solid-state fermentation of the sun-dried green tea, short-fermentation black tea, and black tea. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy and Curie-point pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (CP-Py-GC/MS) were used to study the characteristics and chemical compositions of the TB formed in these Pu-erh teas.

Methods And Results: The pyrolysates of the Pu-erh teas' theabrownin (TB1, TB2, TB3) were analyzed at 386°C using a Curie point pyrolysis instrument.

Dramatic fluorescence enhancement of bare carbon dots through facile reduction chemistry.

Reduction of bare carbon dots (CDs) in aqueous NaBH(4) solution is a facile and effective approach to enhance their fluorescence without any surface coverage. CDs are treated with dilute aqueous NaBH(4) solutions, enhancing their quantum yields (QYs) successfully from 1.6 % to 16 % which is comparable to semiconductive QDs in aqueous environments.