A comprehensive investigation of the microbial risk of secondary water supply systems in residential neighborhoods in a large city.

Secondary water supply systems (SWSSs) are characterized by long water stagnation and low levels of chlorine residuals, which may pose a high microbial risk to terminal users. In this study, the SWSSs of 12 residential neighborhoods in a metropolitan area of 5 million people in southeastern China were seasonally investigated to assess their microbial risks by determining more than 30 physicochemical and biological parameters. Although the microbiological quality of SWSS water met the requirements of the standards for drinking water quality of China, it did deteriorate in various aspects.

Combined use of bFGF/EGF and all-trans-retinoic acid cooperatively promotes neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth in neural stem cells.

Neural stem cells (NSCs) as sources of new neurons in brain injuries or diseases are required to not only elicit neurons for neuronal repair, but also to enhance neurite outgrowth for neuronal network reestablishment. Various trophic or chemotropic factors have been shown to cooperatively improve NSC neurogenesis. However, effects of combined treatment of all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) with GF (Basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor, bFGF/EGF) on neurogenesis of NSCs are poorly understood.

TIR-Domain-Containing Adapter-Inducing Interferon-β (TRIF) Is Essential for MPTP-Induced Dopaminergic Neuroprotection via Microglial Cell M1/M2 Modulation.

Dynamic changes of two phenotypes of microglia, M1 and M2, are critically associated with the neurodegeneration of Parkinson's disease. However, the regulation of the M1/M2 paradigm is still unclear. In the MPTP induced neurodegeneration model, we examined the concentration of dopamine (DA) related metabolites and the survival of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive cells in WT and mice.

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Dopaminergic Neurons during Development in Zebrafish.

As one of the model organisms of Parkinson's disease (PD) research, the zebrafish has its advantages, such as the 87% homology with human genome and transparent embryos which make it possible to observe the development of dopaminergic neurons in real time. However, there is no midbrain dopaminergic system in zebrafish when compared with mammals, and the location and projection of the dopaminergic neurons are seldom reported. In this study, Vmat2:GFP transgenic zebrafish was used to observe the development and distribution of dopaminergic neurons in real time.

[Composition and distribution patterns of rare earth elements in Fujian teas].

Objective: To investigate the composition and distribution pattern of rare earth elements in the teas from Fujian province.

Methods: A total of 145 samples of nine varieties of the teas were collected from their plantation fields and markets in Fujian province. The concentrations of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu and Y in the samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

Serial foodborne norovirus outbreaks associated with multiple genotypes.

Noroviruses (NoV) have been recognized as an important pathogen associated with acute gastroenteritis worldwide during the past three decades. In the spring of 2012, a series of foodborne outbreaks in tourist groups were reported to Xiamen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiamen, Fujian province, China. Among a total of 268 tourists in 7 groups, the prevalence rate of acute gastroenteritis was 16.

[Morphological research on brain development and expression of vital cytokines in brain of human 6-8 week old embryo aborted for unexpected cause].

Objective: To clarify the changes in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and in the expression of vital cytokines during development of 6-8 week old embryo, and hence provide the evidence for identifying the mechanisms of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis during early developing human embryonic brain.

Methods: Human aborted embryos were obtained with the consents signed by the pregnant women with unexpected abortions in gestation of 6-8 weeks. The histochemical SABC method and TUNEL Staining were employed to this research project.

[Expression of CD34, CD14, CD10, CD31 and factor VIII on hematopoietic cells of yolk sac blood island, AGM region and liver of human embryo and fetus].

Objectives: To study the expression of CD34, CD31, CD14, CD10 and factor VIII on blood island of yolk sac (YS), PAS/aorta-germen-mesonephros (AGM) region and hepatic hematopoietic foci.

Methods: Thirty-two cases of 3rd-12th weeks human embryo were obtained by drug abortion. Paraffin embedded sections with H.

[Expression of HNF4alpha and HNF6 mRNA during the process of mouse liver development].

Objective: To investigate the function of HNF4a and HNF6 during liver development.

Methods: The expression levels of HNF4alpha and HNF6 at E8, 9, 13, 15, 17, P1 and in adult mouse liver were detected by RT-PCR and in situ hybridization.

Results: RT-PCR results showed that HNF4alpha first expressed at E9, the time of liver bud formation, and lasted through all gestation and existed in adult liver.

[The characteristics of hepatic stem cells and the expression of growth factor and their receptors in the early embryonic human liver].

To study the morphological characteristics of hepatic stem cells and the expression of HGF, IGF-I, TGFbeta1 and their receptors in human embryonic livers at 3-5 weeks of gestation. The SABC immunohistochemical method with HE counterstaining was employed. We found that the hepatic bud formed at the end of the 3rd week.

[Expression of VEGFA, VEGFC, angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2 and their receptors on development liver during gestation of weeks 3-12 of human embryo].

The aim was to study the expression of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2 and their receptors on development liver during gestation of weeks 3-12 of human embryo. Human embryo contingently aborted at 3-12 weeks of gestation were collected with signed agreements of the pregnant women suffered from accidental abortions. The specimens were fixed by 4% paraformaldehyde and embedded by paraffin.

[Expression of VEGFA, VEGFC, angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2 and their receptors on yolk sac blood island, aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region of human embryo].

The study was to investigate the expression of VEGFA, VEGFC, angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2 and their receptors on yolk sac blood island, AGM region during gestation of 3th-12th weeks of human embryo. Human embryo contingently aborted at 3 - 12 weeks of gestation were collected with signed agreements of the pregnant women suffered from accidental abortions. The specimens were fixed by 4% paraformaldehyde and embedded by paraffin.