Chinese Multidisciplinary Expert Consensus on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Based Combination Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2023 Edition).

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combination therapy modalities for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have achieved significant efficacy in clinical research and practice and have become the mainstay for the treatment of unresectable HCC.

Summary: To better help clinicians use combination immunotherapy drugs and regimens rationally, effectively, and safely, the editorial board facilitated a discussion with multidisciplinary experts in the field, adopted the "Delphi" consensus formation method, and finally revised and completed the "" on the basis of the 2021 edition.

Key Messages: This consensus primarily focuses on the principles and methods of clinical practice of combination therapy based on ICIs, aiming to summarize the recommendations for clinical application based on the latest research and expert experience and provide application guidance for clinicians.

Regorafenib combined with a PD-1 inhibitor in the second-line setting for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in real-world practice.

Background: Most advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases administered molecular targeted agents and/or anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors have no response or develop resistance. Moreover, second-line therapies still cannot provide beneficial clinical outcomes. A pilot study assessing combined regorafenib and PD-1 inhibitor as second-line treatment of advanced HCC reported promising effectiveness.

Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of peri-tumoral hepatic tissue in hepatocellular carcinoma: unveiling the molecular landscape of immune checkpoint therapy resistance.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often resists traditional treatments, necessitating new therapeutic approaches. With immune checkpoint therapy emerging as a promising alternative, understanding its resistance mechanisms becomes crucial. Using 22 samples from 11 HCC patients, we conducted a comprehensive transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of peri-tumoral hepatic tissues from those treated with Atezolizumab.

Combination therapy with PD-1 blockade and radiofrequency ablation for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma: a propensity score matching analysis.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate whether combined therapy with PD-1 blockade (anti-PD-1) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is superior to RFA monotherapy for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: A total of 127 patients who underwent anti-PD-1 plus RFA treatment ( = 41) or RFA alone ( = 86) for recurrent HCC were included in this retrospective study. A matched cohort comprising 40 patients from each group was selected after propensity score matching analysis.

Long noncoding RNA HAND2-AS1 reduced the viability of hepatocellular carcinoma via targeting microRNA-300/SOCS5 axis.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent human cancers with high mortality. Long non-coding RNA heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2 anti-sense 1 (HAND2-AS1) is down-regulated in several cancers including HCC, yet the precise mechanisms how HAND2-AS1 regulates cell survival in HCC remains poorly understood.

Methods: The expression levels of HAND2-AS1 and miR-300 were measured using quantitative real-time PCR.

MicroRNA-345 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis by inhibiting YAP1.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the expression and biological function of miR-345 in HCC remain unknown. The present study demonstrated that miR-345 expression was reduced in HCC tissues and cell lines.