Comparative transcriptome, ultrastructure and histology analyses provide insights into the potential mechanism of growth arrest in south China carp (Cyprinus carpio rubrofuscus).

Background: South China carp (Cyprinus carpio rubrofuscus), which is an economically important species, is traditionally cocultured with rice. Our previous study indicated that approximately 10-30% of these fish experienced growth arrest, severely impacting production. However, the molecular mechanism underlying growth inhibition in south China carp is currently unknown.

Whole-genome resequencing and RNA-seq analysis implicates GPR75 as a potential genetic basis related to retarded growth in South China carp (Cyprinus carpio rubrofuscus).

The south China carp (Cyprinus carpio rubrofuscus) is an indigenous and important fish species, widely cultured in south China. However, part of individuals experienced retarded growth, the genetic basis of which has yet to be elucidated. In this study, whole-genome resequencing of 35 fast-growing and 35 retarded-growing south China carp were conducted to identify promising genes associated with retarded growth.

Effects of Continuous Quality Improvement on Complication Rate and Treatment Outcome of Extremely Premature Infants.

Background: Extremely premature infants (EPIs) are those less than 32 weeks of gestational age. Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal death and poor prognosis, accounting for 25% of neonatal deaths, with extremely premature births accounting for 50% of all premature deaths. Continuous quality improvement (CQI) improves patient outcomes by changing and optimizing clinical practice including increasing participation of neonatologists in prenatal consultation, maintenance of normal body temperature in preterm infants, early use of pulmonary surfactant, reduction of mechanical ventilation time and intensive breastfeeding to reduce clinically avoidable adverse events.

A left-sided destroyed lung in a 11-year-old girl: A rare sequela after Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is one of the most common causes of community-acquired pneumonia in children, usually experiencing a favorable prognosis.Cases of M. pneumoniae infection resulting in respiratory failure, severe pulmonary or extrapulmonary sequelae, and death are relatively rare.

Oxidized dextran improves the stability and effectively controls the release of curcumin loaded in soybean protein nanocomplexes.

Dextran dialdehyde (ODex) was added to a nanocomplex of soy protein isolate (SPI)-curcumin (Cur) to improve its stability and achieve controlled release of Cur. The SPI-to-ODex mass ratio was optimized to achieve excellent properties and stability. Interactions between various components were confirmed by spectroscopic analysis, and the effect of ODex on the stability and bioactivity of SPI-Cur colloids was discussed.

Controlled release of curcumin from gelatin hydrogels by the molecular-weight modulation of an oxidized dextran cross-linker.

Controlled drug delivery could minimize side effects while maintaining a high local dose. Herein, a hydrogel carrier was prepared by forming dynamic imine bonds between gelatin and oxidized dextran (ODex) of different molecular weights (Mw = 10, 70, and 150 kDa). The morphology, thermal stability, rheology, mechanical properties, and swelling properties of the hydrogels and the controlled release of curcumin were characterized.

Mitochondrial DNA and Microsatellite Analyses Showed Panmixia between Temporal Samples in Endangered in the Pearl River Basin (China).

The Japanese eel () is a commercially important species in East Asia, the abundance of which has rapidly decreased in recent decades. The fishery resource in the Pearl River basin has mainly deteriorated due to overexploitation and habitat degradation. Knowledge on its genetic status is indispensable for resource management.

Metabolism responses in the intestine of Oreochromis mossambicus exposed to salinity, alkalinity and salt-alkalinity stress using LC-MS/MS-based metabolomics.

Multiple abiotic stresses are imposed on fish as a result of unprecedented changes in temperature and precipitation patterns in recent decades. It is unclear how teleosts respond to severe ambient salinity, alkalinity, and saline-alkalinity in terms of their metabolic and molecular osmoregulation processes. The metabolic reactions in the intestine of Oreochromis mossambicus under salinity (25 g/L, S_C), alkalinity (4 g/L, A_C), and saline-alkalinity (salinity: 25 g/L & alkalinity: 4 g/L, SA_C) stresses were examined in this research utilizing LC-MS/MS-based metabolomics.

Comparison of the physical stabilities and oxidation of lipids and proteins in natural and polyphenol-modified soybean protein isolate-stabilized emulsions.

Oil-in-water emulsions are widely used in the food industry; however, lipids are often easily oxidized, which may adversely affect food quality. Herein, we investigated the effects of alkali treatment, free radical induction, and carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)-mediated synthetic methods on the structures and antioxidant properties of soy protein isolate (SPI)-gallic acid (GA) conjugates and the physical stabilities and protein-lipid co-oxidation properties of the resulting emulsions. These three methods are well established; however, their effects on the same protein-phenolic compound system have not been directly compared.

Different interactions driving the binding of soy proteins (7S/11S) and flavonoids (quercetin/rutin): Alterations in the conformational and functional properties of soy proteins.

The purpose of this research was to comparatively investigate the interactions between bioactive flavonoids (quercetin and rutin) and two predominant soy proteins (β-conglycinin and glycinin), and the structural and functional properties of their complexes. The binding affinities of quercetin/rutin toward 7S/11S were structure-dependent, in that rutin had a higher binding affinity than that of quercetin, and 11S exhibited higher affinity toward quercetin/rutin than that of 7S. The interactions in the 7S/11S-quercetin complexes were driven by van der Waals forces and hydrogen-bonding interactions, whereas the 7S/11S-rutin complexes exhibited hydrophobic interactions.

Emulsions co-stabilized by soy protein nanoparticles and tea saponin: Physical stability, rheological properties, oxidative stability, and lipid digestion.

Herein, the effects of the concentration (0.1%-1.0%, w/v) and addition sequence of tea saponin (TS) on the physical stability, oxidative stability, rheological properties, and in vitro digestion of the emulsions stabilized by heat-induced soy protein isolate nanoparticles (SPs) were investigated.

Effects of different surfactants on the conjugates of soybean protein-polyphenols for the preparation of β-carotene microcapsules.

In this study, we investigated the spray-drying microencapsulation of β-carotene in oil co-stabilized by soy protein isolate-epigallocatechin-3-gallate conjugate (SPE) and small molecule surfactants [sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), and tea saponin (TS)] of different concentrations [0.1, 0.5, and 1.

Gene structure, SNP screening and growth correlation analysis of the preproinsulin gene in grass carp ().

The preproinsulin gene encodes a precursor protein of insulin, which is the most important hormone for lowering blood glucose levels and promoting the synthesis of glycogen, fat and protein. To explore the correlation between polymorphisms in the preproinsulin gene and growth traits in grass carp, the preproinsulin gene sequence, measuring a total of 5708 bp, was identified in the grass carp genome. The sequence includes a promoter, two introns and three exons, and encodes a 108-aa protein.

A study of breastfeeding practices, SARS-CoV-2 and its antibodies in the breast milk of mothers confirmed with COVID-19.

Background: The possibility of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) transmission to neonates through breast milk remains unverified.

Methods: This paper presents the interim results of a longitudinal study being carried out in Hubei province. As of 1 April 2020, 24 mothers confirmed with COVID-19, 19 mothers suspected with COVID-19 but Polymerase chain reaction negative, and 21 mothers without COVID-19 and their neonates have been recruited.

Identification and Characterization of Osmoregulation Related MicroRNAs in Gills of Hybrid Tilapia Under Three Types of Osmotic Stress.

Researchers have increasingly suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression and protein translation in organs and respond to abiotic and biotic stressors. To understand the function of miRNAs in osmotic stress regulation of the gills of hybrid tilapia ( × ), high-throughput Illumina deep sequencing technology was used to investigate the expression profiles of miRNAs under salinity stress (S, 25‰), alkalinity stress (A, 4‰) and salinity-alkalinity stress (SA, S: 15‰, A: 4‰) challenges. The results showed that 31, 41, and 27 upregulated and 33, 42, and 40 downregulated miRNAs ( < 0.

Short-term developmental outcomes in neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 from Wuhan, China.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging disease. The consequences of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in infants remain unknown. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 have adverse brain development.

A multi-center survey on the postpartum mental health of mothers and attachment to their neonates during COVID-19 in Hubei Province of China.

Background: There is an emerging literature on the mental health of both pre- and post-partum mothers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: As of April 1, 2020, 23 mothers confirmed with COVID-19, 15 mothers suspected with COVID-19 but with negative polymerase chain reaction tests, and 33 mothers without COVID-19 (Control Group) were recruited for a study from Hubei Province in China. The Maternal Postnatal Attachment Scale (MPAS), the Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale, and the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale were applied to investigate the attachment of mothers to their neonates and the postpartum mental health of mothers within the first 3 months after delivery (between 20 to 89 days).

Effect of lipase incorporation on gelling properties of catfish (Clarias lazera) surimi and its mechanism.

Background: Recently, fatty fish have been utilized as a potential approach for the fabrication of surimi products, with the yield of fatty fish surimi being > 10 000 tons in 2019. However, the gelling properties of catfish surimi can be influenced by intermuscular lipid. Lipase could effectively enhance the gel quality of catfish surimi gels, although the chemical forces involved in gel formation and alteration in lipid and protein oxidation status are not well understood.

Antibacterial activity and main action pathway of benzyl isothiocyanate extracted from papaya seeds.

The development of natural antimicrobial agents has attracted long-term attention due to the increasing demand for food preservation. Papaya, a widely cultivated nutritious tropical fruit, has benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) as one of the most important secondary metabolites in its seeds. And the antibacterial activity of BITC toward different strains and the main antibacterial pathway remain unclear.

DNA methylation of the prkaca gene involved in osmoregulation in tilapia hybrids (Oreochromis mossambicus × Oreochromis hornorum).

Prkaca consists of the catalytic subunit alpha protein kinase A (PKA), which is involved in many cellular processes. In this study, the cDNA and genomic sequences of prkaca in tilapia hybrids (Oreochromis mossambicus × Oreochromis hornorum) were cloned and analysed. The results showed the prkaca gene consists of 11 exons and 10 introns, and its protein contains 351 amino acid residues and is clustered with Oreochromis niloticus, Maylandia zebra and Haplochromis burtoni first in a phylogenetic tree.

The physicochemical properties of chitosan prepared by microwave heating.

The aim of this study was to compare the physicochemical properties of chitosan prepared by microwave and water bath heating with an equivalent quantity of heat intake. The structure and physicochemical properties of the chitosan obtained by these two methods were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and scanning electron microscopy (). The FTIR and XRD patterns show that there was no significant difference in the structure of chitosan produced by the two heat sources.

Clinical analysis of 10 neonates born to mothers with 2019-nCoV pneumonia.

Background: The newly identified 2019-nCoV, which appears to have originated in Wuhan, the capital city of Hubei province in central China, is spreading rapidly nationwide. A number of cases of neonates born to mothers with 2019-nCoV pneumonia have been recorded. However, the clinical features of these cases have not been reported, and there is no sufficient evidence for the proper prevention and control of 2019-nCoV infections in neonates.

Transcriptomic response to three osmotic stresses in gills of hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus female × O. urolepis hornorum male).

Background: Osmotic stress is a widespread phenomenon in aquatic animal. The ability to cope with salinity stress and alkaline stress is quite important for the survival of aquatic species under natural conditions. Tilapia is an important commercial euryhaline fish species.

Selection of reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR normalisation in largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides fed on alternative diets.

The partial cDNA sequences of eight reference genes (actb, tuba1, gapdh58, gapdh59, eef1a1, RNA 18 s, pabpc1, ube2I) were cloned from largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides. The expression levels of these eight genes were compared in the various tissues (eye, spleen, kidney, gill, muscle, brain, liver, heart, gut and gonad) of M. salmoides fed on forage fish.