Metabolite profiling and identification of enzymes responsible for the metabolism of hirsutine, a major alkaloid from .

The metabolism of hirsutine was determined using liver microsomes and human recombinant cytochrome P450 enzymes. Under the current conditions, a total of 14 phase I metabolites were tentatively identified.Ketoconazole showed significant inhibitory effect on the metabolism of hirsutine.

Volumetric reduction in large cystic jaw lesions postoperative enucleation: a longitudinal clinical study.

Background: Enucleation, a surgical procedure, is commonly used to treat large jaw cysts, unicystic ameloblastomas and keratocysts. However, it remains unclear to what extent the jaw bone regenerates after enucleation. We aimed to evaluate the percentage and the survival analysis of jaw bone regeneration, in terms of cavity volume residual (CVR), in patients who underwent enucleation of large jaw cysts, unicystic ameloblastomas and keratocysts.

Magneto-mechanical stimulation modulates osteocyte fate via the ECM-integrin-CSK axis and wnt pathway.

Osteocytes are the mechano-sensors of bones. Large gradient high-static magnetic fields (LG-HMFs) produce stable, high-precision, and non-attenuation mechanical forces. We discovered that magnetic forces opposite to gravity inhibited MLO-Y4 osteocyte proliferation and viability by inducing structural damage and apoptosis.

A static magnetic field improves bone quality and balances the function of bone cells with regulation on iron metabolism and redox status in type 1 diabetes.

Osteoporosis is one of the chronic complications of type 1 diabetes with high risk of fracture. The prevention of diabetic osteoporosis is of particular importance. Static magnetic fields (SMFs) exhibit advantages on improvement of diabetic complications.

Phenethyl isothiocyanate induces oxidative cell death in osteosarcoma cells with regulation on mitochondrial network, function and metabolism.

Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a kind of isothiocyanate available in cruciferous vegetables, exhibits inhibitory effects on cancers. PEITC has been extensively recorded for its effect on regulation of redox status in cancer cells. Our previous studies revealed that PEITC induced ROS-dependent cell death in osteosarcoma.

Exposure to a static magnetic field attenuates hepatic damage and function abnormality in obese and diabetic mice.

Static magnetic fields (SMFs) exhibit significant effect on health care. However, the effect of SMF on hepatic metabolism and function in obesity and diabetes are still unknown. Liver is not only the main site for glucolipid metabolism but also the core part for iron metabolism regulation.

Biophysical mechanisms underlying the effects of static magnetic fields on biological systems.

With the widespread use of static magnetic fields (SMFs) in medicine, it is imperative to explore the biological effects of SMFs and the mechanisms underlying their effects on biological systems. The presence of magnetic materials within cells and organisms could affect various biological metabolism and processes, including stress responses, proliferation, and structural alignment. SMFs were generally found to be safe at the organ and organism levels.

Serum Total Bile Acids in Relation to Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Bile acids (BAs) have been proposed to promote gastrointestinal cells carcinogenesis. However, studies on serum total bile acid (TBA) levels and gastrointestinal cancers (GICs) risk are rare.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study from 2015 to 2019 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, in which 4,256 GICs cases and 1,333 controls were recruited.

Iron plays a role in sulfasalazine-induced ferroptosis with autophagic flux blockage in K7M2 osteosarcoma cells.

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone malignancy in children and young adults, with a very poor prognosis. It is of great importance to develop targeted therapeutic strategies for osteosarcoma. Sulfasalazine (SAS) is an FDA-approved drug for the treatment of Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease.

Evaluating the biological safety on mice at 16 T static magnetic field with 700 MHz radio-frequency electromagnetic field.

Objectives: This study evaluated the associated biological effects of radio-frequency (RF) exposure at 16 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on mice health.

Material And Methods: A total of 48 healthy 8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were investigated. A 16 T high static magnetic field (HiSMF) was generated by a superconducting magnet, and a radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic field for hydrogen resonance at 16 T (700 MHz) was transmitted via a homemade RF system.

The efficacy and safety of different bismuth agents in Helicobacter pylori first-line eradication: A multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bismuth pectin capsules and bismuth pectin granules in the first-line quadruple treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).

Methods: This study was a multicenter, randomized, open-labelled controlled clinical trial.

Development of a competitive ELISA for detecting antibodies against genotype 1 hepatitis E virus.

Hepatitis E, a significant global public health issue in China, is caused by sporadic infections with regional hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotypes 1, 3, and 4. To date, most immunoassays currently used to test human sera for the presence of anti-HEV antibodies cannot identify HEV at the genotype level. However, such information would be useful for identifying the source of infecting virus.

Iron Chelator Induces Apoptosis in Osteosarcoma Cells by Disrupting Intracellular Iron Homeostasis and Activating the MAPK Pathway.

Osteosarcoma is a common malignant bone tumor in clinical orthopedics. Iron chelators have inhibitory effects on many cancers, but their effects and mechanisms in osteosarcoma are still uncertain. Our in vitro results show that deferoxamine (DFO) and deferasirox (DFX), two iron chelators, significantly inhibited the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells (MG-63, MNNG/HOS and K7M2).

Iron overload induces apoptosis of osteoblast cells via eliciting ER stress-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and p-eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP pathway in vitro.

Iron is an essential element for crucial biological function; whereas excess iron sedimentation impairs the main functions of tissues or organs. Cumulative researches have shown that the disturbances in iron metabolism, especially iron overload is closely concatenating with bone loss. Nevertheless, the specific process of iron overload-induced apoptosis in osteoblasts has not been thoroughly studied.

Static magnetic field of 0.2-0.4 T promotes the recovery of hindlimb unloading-induced bone loss in mice.

Purpose: Bone loss is one of the most serious medical problem associated with prolonged weightlessness in long-term spaceflight mission. Skeletal reloading after prolonged spaceflight have indicated incomplete recovery of lost bone, which may lead to an increased risk of fractures in astronauts when returning to Earth. Substantial studies have revealed the capacity of static magnetic fields (SMFs) on treating various bone disorders, whereas it is unknown whether SMFs have the potential regulatory effects on bone quality in unloaded mice during unloading.

Nanobody Nb6 fused with porcine IgG Fc as the delivering tag to inhibit porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication in porcine alveolar macrophages.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a highly contagious virus that has led to enormous economic loss worldwide because of ineffective prevention and treatment. In view of their minimized size, high target specificity and affinity, nanobodies have been extensively investigated as diagnostic tools and treatments of many diseases. Previously, a PRRSV Nsp9-specific nanobody (Nb6) was identified as a PRRSV replication inhibitor.

Magnetic fields as a potential therapy for diabetic wounds based on animal experiments and clinical trials.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder with various complications that poses a huge worldwide healthcare burden. Wounds in diabetes, especially diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), are difficult to manage, often leading to prolonged wound repair and even amputation. Wound management in people with diabetes is an extremely clinical and social concern.

Anticancer mechanisms of metformin: A review of the current evidence.

Metformin, a US Food and Drug Administration-approved "star" drug used for diabetes mellitus type 2, has become a topic of increasing interest to researchers due to its anti-neoplastic effects. Growing evidence has demonstrated that metformin may be a promising chemotherapeutic agent, and several clinical trials of metformin use in cancer treatment are ongoing. However, the anti-neoplastic effects of metformin and its underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated.

-Phenethyl Isothiocyanate Induces Cell Death in Human Osteosarcoma through Altering Iron Metabolism, Disturbing the Redox Balance, and Activating the MAPK Signaling Pathway.

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of the skeleton in children and adults. The outcomes of people with osteosarcomas are unsatisfied. -Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) exhibits chemoprevention and chemotherapeutic activities against many human cancers.

Labile iron affects pharmacological ascorbate-induced toxicity in osteosarcoma cell lines.

Vitamin C and iron are both important nutrients for humans and involved in several physiological processes. The biological activities of vitamin C and iron are based on their abilities to accept or donate electrons. Although vitamin C is well known as an excellent electron donor in physiological conditions, it also has pro-oxidant properties, especially with catalytic metal iron.

PEITC triggers multiple forms of cell death by GSH-iron-ROS regulation in K7M2 murine osteosarcoma cells.

Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) is an isothiocyanate that largely exists in cruciferous vegetables and exhibits chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic potential against various cancers. However, it is little known about the molecular mechanisms of its antitumor action against osteosarcoma, which is the second highest cause of cancer-related death in children and adolescents. In this study, we investigated the effects of PEITC on K7M2 murine osteosarcoma both in vitro and in vivo.

Ferroptosis, a novel pharmacological mechanism of anti-cancer drugs.

Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death, is initiated by oxidative perturbations of the intracellular microenvironment, which is under the constitutive control of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Ferrous iron (Fe) accumulation and lipid peroxidation are critical events in the induction of ferroptosis, which is inhibited by iron chelators and lipophilic antioxidants. Ferroptosis terminates in mitochondrial dysfunction and toxic lipid peroxidation.

Directly targeting glutathione peroxidase 4 may be more effective than disrupting glutathione on ferroptosis-based cancer therapy.

Background: Cancer is one of the major threats to human health and current cancer therapies have been unsuccessful in eradicating it. Ferroptosis is characterized by iron-dependence and lipid hydroperoxides accumulation, and its primary mechanism involves the suppression of system X-GSH (glutathione)-GPX4 (glutathione peroxidase 4) axis. Co-incidentally, cancer cells are also metabolically characterized by iron addiction and ROS tolerance, which makes them vulnerable to ferroptosis.

Iron and leukemia: new insights for future treatments.

Iron, an indispensable element for life, is involved in all kinds of important physiological activities. Iron promotes cell growth and proliferation, but it also causes oxidative stress damage. The body has a strict regulation mechanism of iron metabolism due to its potential toxicity.

Vitisin B as a novel fatty acid synthase inhibitor induces human breast cancer cells apoptosis.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers and the second leading cause of cancer mortality in women worldwide. Novel therapies and chemo-therapeutic drugs are still in urgent need to be developed for the treatment of breast cancer. One of the most important metabolic hallmarks of breast cancer cells is enhanced lipogenesis.