Foliar Application of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Alleviates Phenanthrene and Cadmium-Induced Phytotoxicity in Lettuce: Regulation of Plant-Rhizosphere-Microbial Long Distance.

Foliar application of beneficial nanoparticles exhibits potential in mitigating combined stresses from heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in crops, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of plant-rhizosphere-microbial processes to promote sustainable nanotechnology in agriculture. Herein, we investigated the mitigating mechanisms of foliar application of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) on lettuce growth under phenanthrene (Phe) and cadmium (Cd) costress. Compared to Phe + Cd treatment, low (L-ZnO) and high (H-ZnO) concentration of ZnO increased fresh biomass (27.

Substituent structure variances alter degradation pathways of sulfonamides in UV/PAA system: Insights from intermediates, ROS, and DFT calculations.

Sulfonamides (SAs) are one of the major emerging contaminants of concern, but comparative studies on the degradation of different types of SAs are still limited. This work comprehensively compared the degradation of sulfadiazine (SDZ), sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and sulfathiazole (STZ) under UV light in peracetic acid (PAA) from both experimental and theoretical aspects, as they represent two structural classes based on substituent differences. The two SAs with five-membered heterocyclic substituents (SMX, STZ) generally decomposed at faster rates, with SMX degrading up to 10 times faster than SDZ (pH = 3; PAA dosage = 80 mg/L).

Sulfadiazine proliferated antibiotic resistance genes in the phycosphere of Chlorella pyrenoidosa: Insights from bacterial communities and microalgal metabolites.

The phycosphere is an essential ecological niche for the proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, how ARGs' potential hosts change and the driving mechanism of metabolites under antibiotic stress in the phycosphere have seldom been researched. We investigated the response of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and the structure and abundance of free-living (FL) and particle-attached (PA) bacteria, ARGs, and metabolites under sulfadiazine by using real-time quantitative PCR, 16 S rRNA high-throughput.

Analysis of the relationship between mild cognitive impairment and serum klotho protein and insulin-like growth factor-1 in the elderly.

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a mild memory or cognitive impairment.

Objective: To explore the relationship between serum klotho (K1) protein and insulin-like growth factor-1 and mild cognitive impairment in the elderly in order to provide accurate and appropriate indicators for clinical diagnosis and treatment of MCI.

Methods: This randomized stratified study adopted a multistage cluster sampling method.

Current advances in the application of nanomedicine in bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary system, however there are several shortcomings in current diagnostic and therapeutic measures. In terms of diagnosis, the diagnostic tools currently available are not sufficiently sensitive and specific, and imaging is poor, leading to misdiagnosis and missed diagnoses, which can delay treatment. In terms of treatment, current treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, gene therapy, and other emerging treatments, as well as combination therapies.

Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Revealed the Biological Response of to Single and Repeated Exposures of AgNPs at Different Concentrations.

Increased release of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) from widely used commercial products has threatened environmental health and safety, particularly the repeated exposures to ENPs with relatively low concentration. Herein, we studied the response of () to single and repeated exposures to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Repeated exposures to AgNPs promoted chlorophyll a and carotenoid production, and increased silver accumulation, thus enhancing the risk of AgNPs entering the food chain.

Potentially Toxic Element Contaminations and Lead Isotopic Fingerprinting in Soils and Sediments from a Historical Gold Mining Site.

Lead (Pb) isotopes have been widely used to identify and quantify Pb contamination in the environment. Here, the Pb isotopes, as well as the current contamination levels of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cd, As, and Hg, were investigated in soil and sediment from the historical gold mining area upstream of Miyun Reservoir, Beijing, China. The sediment had higher Pb/Pb ratios (1.

Deciphering the toxic effects of metals in gold mining area: Microbial community tolerance mechanism and change of antibiotic resistance genes.

Mine tailing dumps represent significant threats to ecological environments due to the presence of toxic substances. The present work investigated the relationship among microbial activity, the community, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and trace metals in soil surrounding gold mine tailings. Using microbial metabolic activity and high-throughput sequencing analysis, we found the trace metals Cd and Hg could be main factors influencing the microbial community.

Molecular characteristics of leonardite humic acid and the effect of its fractionations on sulfamethoxazole photodegradation.

The widespread occurrence of synthetic antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (SMX)- poses a potential risk to aquatic ecosystems where dissolved organic matter (DOM) may affect its photolysis. In this study, the elimination of SMX by solar photolysis was investigated in the presence of leonardite humic acid (LHA) and its fractions. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass (FT-ICR-MS) spectra showed that LHA has high aromaticity.

Integrating high-throughput sequencing and metagenome analysis to reveal the characteristic and resistance mechanism of microbial community in metal contaminated sediments.

Some metallic tailings from closed mines were scattered in upstream of the Miyun Reservoir, Beijing, threatening the ecological environment of rivers due to trace metals. The Liuli River, one of the main rivers affected, was investigated as a typical model in this work. In this study, we selected eight sites to assess interactions among the various geochemical factors especially between trace metals and sediment microbiota.

Mechanism of methylphosphonic acid photo-degradation based on phosphate oxygen isotopes and density functional theory.

Methylphosphonic acid (MPn) is an intermediate in the synthesis of the phosphorus-containing nerve agents, such as sarin and VX, and a biosynthesis product of marine microbes with ramifications to global climate change and eutrophication. Here, we applied the multi-labeled water isotope probing (MLWIP) approach to investigate the C-P bond cleavage mechanism of MPn under UV irradiation and density functional theory (DFT) to simulate the photo-oxidation reaction process involving reactive oxygen species (ROS). The results contrasted with those of the addition of the ROS-quenching compounds, 2-propanol and NaN.

Leaching behavior of metals from iron tailings under varying pH and low-molecular-weight organic acids.

The migration of metals (e.g., Fe, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Zn) in both of iron tailings under different pH leachates was studied by laboratory static leaching experiments.

Environmental behavior and associated plant accumulation of silver nanoparticles in the presence of dissolved humic and fulvic acid.

This work investigated the role of natural organic matter (NOM) in the environmental processes of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) and the uptake and accumulation of AgNP in wheat. Different NOMs (Suwannee River humic acids [SRHA], fulvic acid [FA]) and Ag elements (Ag and Ag) were incubated in a hydroponic media for 15 days. The results showed that the NOM (10 mg C L) altered the dissolution, stabilization, uptake and accumulation of AgNP.