Strong emissions and aerosol formation potential of higher alkanes from diesel vehicles.

Higher alkanes are a major class of intermediate volatile organic compounds (IVOCs) emitted by vehicles, which have been considered as important precursors of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in urban area. Dynamometer experiments were conducted to characterize emissions from gasoline and diesel vehicles in China. Three types of higher alkanes, namely acyclic, cyclic, and bicyclic alkanes, were explicitly quantified through the novel proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer with NO ionization (NO PTR-ToF-MS) with time response of 1 second.

Intercalation-Induced Interlayer and Defect Engineering in TiCT MXene for Ultralow-Reflection Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.

Interlayer and defect engineering significantly affects the electrical conductivity and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding of TiCT MXene. Previous studies have prioritized the size of the intercalant over its synergy with chemical affinity, limiting the elucidation of the intercalation mechanism and the precise control of the interlayer spacing (spacing). Herein, we synthesize MXene aerogels with a tunable spacing and defect density using a series of amine molecules of different sizes and chemical affinities as intercalants and cross-linkers.

Discovery of the salicylaldehyde-based compound DDO-02267 as a lysine-targeting covalent inhibitor of ALKBH5.

N-methyladenosine (mA) is a crucial mRNA epigenetic modification in eukaryotes, and its methylation regulation is associated with the proliferation and metastasis of diverse tumor cells. ALKBH5 functions as a demethylase for mA and plays a role in the demethylation process, thus influencing tumor cell growth and migration. However, there are limited reports on selective small molecule inhibitors of ALKBH5.

Correction: Distal renal tubular system-on-a-chip for studying the pathogenesis of influenza A virus-induced kidney injury.

Correction for 'Distal renal tubular system-on-a-chip for studying the pathogenesis of influenza A virus-induced kidney injury' by Yueyue Huangfu , , 2023, 23, 4255-4264, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3LC00616F.

Supplementation of recombinant human lysozyme into diets affects the growth performance, muscle quality, immunity and intestinal microbiota in large yellow croaker Larimichthyscrocea.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of supplementation of lysozyme (LZM) into diet on the growth performance, muscle quality, immunity, intestinal microbiota in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) with initial body weight of 194.5 ± 0.27 g.

Path Planning and Motion Control of Robot Dog Through Rough Terrain Based on Vision Navigation.

This article delineates the enhancement of an autonomous navigation and obstacle avoidance system for a quadruped robot dog. Part one of this paper presents the integration of a sophisticated multi-level dynamic control framework, utilizing Model Predictive Control (MPC) and Whole-Body Control (WBC) from MIT Cheetah. The system employs an Intel RealSense D435i depth camera for depth vision-based navigation, which enables high-fidelity 3D environmental mapping and real-time path planning.

[Association Between the Protein Expressions of MutS Homologs and Villin and the Clinicopathological Characteristics in 310 Colon Cancer Patients].

Objective: To examine the relationship between the expressions of mismatch repair proteins, MutS homolog 2 (MSH2) and MutS homolog 6 (MSH6), and villin and the pathological features in patients with colon cancer.

Methods: A total of 310 cases of colon cancer patients who were treated at our hospital between January 2017 and September 2021 were selected. The diagnosis of colon cancer of all patients was verified by pathological evaluation.

Bioinspired Glycopeptide Hydrogel Reestablishing Bone Homeostasis through Mediating Osteoclasts and Osteogenesis in Periodontitis Treatment.

Irreversible alveolar bone resorption is one of the important clinical manifestations of periodontitis, which is initiated by a plaque biofilm and exacerbated by the imbalance of osteoclast activity and osteogenesis, affecting a patient's masticatory function and resulting in a high recurrence rate of periodontitis. Herein, to reestablish bone homeostasis in periodontitis, a minocycline hydrochloride (MH)-loaded glycopeptide hydrogel (MH/GRW) is fabricated to mediate alveolar bone absorption through sequential antibacterial and RANKL-blocking activities. GRW shows an ECM-like fibrous and porous microstructure serving as a scaffold for cell proliferation and differentiation and holds the merits including injectability, self-healing properties, and good biocompatibility.

Robust Growth of 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Vertical Heterostructures via Ammonium-Assisted CVD Strategy.

Two dimension (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) heterostructures have opened unparalleled prospects for next-generation electronic and optoelectronic applications due to their atomic-scale thickness and distinct physical properties. The chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method is the most feasible approach to prepare 2D TMD heterostructures. However, the synthesis of 2D vertical heterostructures faces competition between in-plane and out-of-plane growth, which makes it difficult to precisely control the growth of vertical heterostructures.

Solvent-Engineering-Assisted Ligand Exchange Strategy for High-Efficiency AgBiS Quantum Dot Solar Cells.

As the initial synthesized colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are generally capped with insulating ligands, ligand exchange strategies are essential in the fabrication of CQD films for solar cells, which can regulate the surface chemical states of CQDs to make them more suitable for thin-film optoelectronic devices. However, uncontrollable surface adsorption of water molecules during the ligand exchange process introduces new defect sites, thereby impairing the resultant device performance, which attracts more efforts devoted to it but remains a puzzle. Here, we develop a solvent-engineering-assisted ligand exchange strategy to revamp the surface adsorption, improve the exchange efficiency, and modulate the surface chemistry for the environmentally friendly lead-free silver bismuth disulfide (AgBiS) CQDs.

Microchip construction for migration assays: investigating the impact of physical confinement on cell morphology and motility during vaccinia virus infection.

Vaccinia virus (VACV)-induced cell migration is thought to be closely related to the rapid transmission of viral infection in the body. The limited studies are mainly based on scratch assay using traditional cell culture techniques, which inevitably ignores the influences of extracellular microenvironment. Physical confinement, inherently presenting in vivo, has proven to be a critical extern cue in modulating migration behaviors of multiple cells, while its impacts on VACV-induced cell motility remain unclear.

Monocytes-to-lymphocytes ratio increases the prognostic value of circulating tumor cells in non-small cell lung cancer: a prospective study.

Background: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has shown important prognostic value in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the present low sensitivity of CTC capture technology restricts their clinical application. This study aims to explore the feasibility of combining the peripheral blood cell (PBC)-derived inflammation-based score with CTCs to increase the prognostic value of CTCs in NSCLC.

How time pressure affects promotive and prohibitive voice of emergency nurse: A cross-sectional study.

Background: As a developing country, the number of emergency nurses in China is not growing nearly as rapidly as the number of patients, which puts a great deal of stress on emergency nurses' working hours and may thus impede care quality and patient safety.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between time pressure and voice behavior and to explore whether temporal leadership acts as a moderator in the relationship between time pressure and voice behavior.

Methods: Data were collected using scales that have been published in authoritative foreign journals and translated and validated by Chinese scholars.

Antibody-drug conjugates for targeted cancer therapy: Recent advances in potential payloads.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a promising cancer therapy modality which specifically delivers highly toxic payloads to cancer cells through antigen-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). To date, 15 ADCs have been approved and more than 100 ADC candidates have advanced to clinical trials for the treatment of various cancers. Among these ADCs, microtubule-targeting and DNA-damaging agents are at the forefront of payload development.

Research on Friction Performance of Friction Stir Welding Tools Based on Non-Smooth Structure.

In this study, based on the principles of bionics, we fabricated a bionic non-smooth concave pit structure on the shoulders of friction stir welding tools and detected the thermal cycling curve, downforce, and torque of the tool in the welding process. We tested the wear loss weight and analyzed the surface morphology of the shoulder surfaces after welding for 200 m. This study found that as the distance between the concave pits decreased and the number of concave pits increased, the maximum downforce, torque, and temperature in the welding process showed a decreasing trend.

Linking EMT Status of Circulating Tumor Cells to Clinical Outcomes in Lung Cancer.

Background: Lung cancer (LC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with its prognosis influenced by complex biological factors.

Objective: This study delves into the clinical relevance of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and their Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) status in LC patients.

Methods: We enrolled 30 newly diagnosed LC patients and utilized the CanPatrol technique for the separation and categorization of CTCs from peripheral blood samples.

Bioactive microgel-coated electrospun membrane with cell-instructive interfaces and topology for abdominal wall defect repair.

Current mesh materials used for the clinical treatment of abdominal defects struggle to balance mechanical properties and bioactivity to support tissue remodeling. Therefore, a bioactive microgel-coated electrospinning membrane was designed with the superiority of cell-instructive topology in guiding cell behavior and function for abdominal wall defect reconstruction. The electrostatic spinning technique was employed to prepare a bioabsorbable PLCL fiber membrane with an effective mechanical support.

Thermosensitive hydrogel with programmed dual-octenidine release combating biofilm for the treatment of apical periodontitis.

The utilization of intracanal medicaments is an indispensable procedure in root-canal treatment. However, the conventional intracanal medicaments still need improvement regarding antimicrobial efficacy and ease of clinical operation. To address the above issues, OCT/PECT@OCT + ALK composite hydrogel characterized by programming sequential release of dual antimicrobial agents has been proposed.

Occurrence, Source Apportionment, and Ecological Risk of Typical Pharmaceuticals in Surface Waters of Beijing, China.

Various studies have shown that the heavy use of pharmaceuticals poses serious ecological risks, especially in metropolitan areas with intensive human activities. In this study, the spatial distribution, sources, and ecological risks of 29 pharmaceuticals in 82 surface waters collected from the North Canal Basin in Beijing were studied. The results showed that the pharmaceutical concentrations ranged from not detected to 193 ng/L, with ampicillin being undetected while ofloxacin had a 100% detection frequency, which indicates the widespread occurrence of pharmaceutical pollution in the North Canal Basin.

Low Temperature Synthesis of 2D p-Type α-InTe with Fast and Broadband Photodetection.

2D compounds (A = Al, Ga, In, and B = S, Se, and Te) with intrinsic structural defects offer significant opportunities for high-performance and functional devices. However, obtaining 2D atomic-thin nanoplates with non-layered structure on SiO/Si substrate at low temperatures is rare, which hinders the study of their properties and applications at atomic-thin thickness limits. In this study, the synthesis of ultrathin, non-layered α-InTe nanoplates is demonstrated using a BiOCl-assisted chemical vapor deposition method at a temperature below 350 °C on SiO/Si substrate.

A Universal Aptamer for Influenza A Viruses: Selection, Recognition, and Infection Inhibition.

It is crucial to develop universal inhibitors for viral inhibition due to the rapid mutation of viruses. Herein, a universal aptamer inhibitor was developed that enabled a single DNA molecule to recognize several hemeagglutinin (HA) protein subtypes, inducing broad neutralization against influenza A viruses (IAVs). Through a multi-channel enrichment (MCE) strategy, a high-affinity aptamer named UHA-2 was obtained, with its dissociation constants () for three different HA proteins being 1.

The influence of a modified p53 C-terminal peptide by using a tumor-targeting sequence on cellular apoptosis and tumor treatment.

The restoration of the function of p53 in tumors is a therapeutic strategy for the highly frequent mutation of the TP53 tumor suppressor gene. P460 is a wild-type peptide derived from the p53 C-terminus and has been proven to be capable of restoring the tumor suppressor function of p53. The poor accumulation of drugs in tumors is a serious hindrance to tumor treatment.