Effect of metformin on the clinical outcomes of stroke in patients with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Stroke is a major cause of death and disability globally, especially among diabetic patients. In this study, we aim to scrutinise the effects of metformin on the clinical outcomes of stroke in diabetic patients.

Design: This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Genistein-3'-sodium sulfonate suppresses NLRP3-mediated cell pyroptosis after cerebral ischemia.

Cerebral ischemia-induced pyroptosis contributes to the dissemination of neuroinflammation, and Nod-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a key role in this process. Previous studies have indicated that Genistein-3'-sodiumsulfonate (GSS) can inhibit neuroinflammation caused by cerebral ischemia, exert cerebroprotective effects, but its specific mechanism has not been comprehensively understood. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of GSS on ischemic stroke-induced cell pyroptosis.

Heat-tolerant subtropical Porites lutea may be better adapted to future climate change than tropical one in the South China Sea.

Coral reefs are degrading at an accelerating rate owing to climate change. Understanding the heat stress tolerance of corals is vital for their sustainability. However, this tolerance varies substantially geographically, and information regarding coral responses across latitudes is lacking.

A predictive model for depression risk in individuals with hypertension: evidence from NHANES 2007-2020.

Objective: Hypertension increases the prevalence of depression to a certain extent and identification and diagnosis of depression frequently pose challenges for clinicians. The study aimed to construct and validate a scoring model predicting the prevalence of depression with hypertension.

Methods: 6124 individuals with hypertension were utilized from the 2007 to 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database (NHANES), including 645 subjects that were assessed to have depressive symptoms, 390 in the development group and 255 in the validation group.

Chinese consensus report on the assessment and management of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with cardiovascular disease: 2024 edition.

As cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality rates continue to rise in China, the importance of identifying and managing CVD risk factors grows. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep-related breathing disorder, affecting an estimated 936 million individuals aged 30-69 worldwide, with China leading globally with about 176 million affected. Increasing research indicates a close association between OSA and the onset and progression of various CVD, significantly affecting outcomes.

High- and low-temperature stress responses of Porites lutea from the relatively high-latitude region of the South China Sea.

Global climate change has led to more frequent extreme temperature (extreme heat and cold) events, posing a serious threat to coral reef ecosystems. Higher latitudes are considered potential refuges for reef-building corals, but their response to extreme temperature stress in these regions remain unclear. This study, indoor simulated stress experiments ranging on Porites lutea from Weizhou Island in the northern part of the South China Sea, simulating suitable (26 °C) to extreme high (34 °C) and extreme low (12 °C) temperatures.

Association between comorbid COPD or chronic bronchitis and the prognosis of patients with Dilated cardiomyopathy.

Aims: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by unilateral or bilateral ventricular enlargement and reduced ventricular systolic function, with or without heart failure. In previous studies, we found that a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or chronic bronchitis is a high risk factor for DCM combined with pulmonary hypertension (PH). Therefore, we propose that the comorbidity of COPD or chronic bronchitis will increase the cardiogenic mortality of patients with DCM.

Effects of vertical forest stratification on precipitation material redistribution and ecosystem health of Pinus massoniana in the Three Gorges Reservoir area of China.

Vertical stratification of forest plays important roles in the local material balance and in maintaining forest health by distributing and redistributing precipitation materials through adsorption, fixation, and release. Differences in runoff nutrient concentrations among vertical layers are closely related to vertical stratification (factors such as the trunk, canopy, forest litter, and soil physical and chemical properties). Long-term forest observations revealed significant spatial differences in Pinus massoniana (Pinus massoniana Lamb.

Association between serum glucose potassium ratio and mortality in critically ill patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

The effect of serum glucose-to-potassium ratio (GPR) on cerebrovascular diseases has been previously validated. However, the value of the GPR in patients with severe intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) requiring ICU admission remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between the GPR and the clinical prognosis of critically ill patients with ICH.

Trifluoro-Icaritin Ameliorates Neuroinflammation Against Complete Freund's Adjuvant-Induced Microglial Activation by Improving CB2 Receptor-Mediated IL-10/β-endorphin Signaling in the Spinal Cord of Rats.

The underlying pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory pain is greatly complex, but the relevant therapies are still unavailable. Development of effective candidates for chronic inflammatory pain is highly urgent. We previously identified that trifluoro-icaritin (ICTF) exhibited a significant therapeutic activity against complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced chronic inflammatory pain, however, the precise mechanisms remain elusive.

TLR2 promotes traumatic deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity following femoral fracture by activating the NF‑κB/COX‑2 signaling pathway in rats.

Endothelial cells (ECs) are crucial for maintaining the integrity of blood vessel walls and reducing thrombosis. Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a common thrombotic disease and its diagnosis and treatment remain at the stage of coagulation function examination and post-onset treatment. Thus, identifying the pathogenesis of DVT is important.

Electroacupuncture inhibits TLR4/NF-κB signaling in the dorsal root ganglion of rats with spared nerve injury.

Objective: Neuropathic pain can be provoked by high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) activation of toll-like receptor (TLR)4/nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG). Electroacupuncture (EA) has been reported to effectively alleviate neuropathic pain with few side effects, but its precise mechanism of action remains unknown. The aim of this study was to explore whether 2 Hz EA stimulation suppresses TLR4/NF-κB signaling in the DRG following spared nerve injury (SNI) in a rat model.

Childhood abuse and risk of migraine: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Childhood abuse is associated with an increased risk of migraines. However, the literature on this association is limited.

Objective: To determine the pooled effect size of the association between childhood abuse and migraines.

AD16 attenuates neuroinflammation induced by cerebral ischemia through down-regulating astrocytes A1 polarization.

A1 polarization of astrocytes mediated prolonged inflammation contributing to brain injury in ischemic stroke. We have previously shown that AD16 protects against neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in vivo and oxygen-glucose deprivation in vitro. More recently, AD16 has demonstrated safety, tolerability, and favorable pharmacokinetics in a randomized controlled phase I trial.

Effects of malnutrition on disease severity and adverse outcomes in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Malnutrition is common in patients with chronic cardiovascular disease and is associated with significantly higher all-cause mortality. Approximately one-third of patients with heart failure are malnourished. However, the relationship between malnutrition and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) remains unclear.

Genistein-3'-sodium sulfonate promotes brain functional rehabilitation in ischemic stroke rats by regulating astrocytes polarization through NF-κB signaling pathway.

The activation and polarization of astrocytes are involved in neuroinflammation and brain functional rehabilitation after ischemic stroke. Our previous studies display the neuroprotective effect of genistein-3'-sodium sulfonate (GSS) in the acute phase of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/RI). This study aimed to investigate the brain function improvement of GSS during the recovery period after CI/RI in rats and to explore the potential mechanism from the perspective of astrocyte activation and polarization.

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Use in Patients with Reduced Kidney Function Hospitalized for Fluid Overload and Heart Failure: An Observational Study.

Introduction: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are recommended in kidney disease and heart failure to reduce adverse clinical outcomes, but utilization can vary. To understand potential gaps in clinical practice and identify opportunities for improvement, we aimed to describe the prevalence and factors associated with SGLT2i prescription in patients with reduced kidney function hospitalized for fluid overload and/or heart failure.

Methods: Single-center observational study of patients with reduced kidney function (eGFR 20-59 mL/min/1.

SIRT7 knockdown promotes gemcitabine sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cell via upregulation of GLUT3 expression.

Gemcitabine serves as a first-line chemotherapeutic treatment for pancreatic cancer (PC), but it is prone to rapid drug resistance. Increasing the sensitivity of PC to gemcitabine has long been a focus of research. Fasting interventions may augment the effects of chemotherapy and present new options.

Research on In-Plane Thermal Conductivity Detection of Fuel Cell Bipolar Plates Based on Laser Thermography.

The thermal properties of bipolar plates, being key elements of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells, significantly affect their heat conduction and management. This study employed an innovative approach known as a heat flow loop integral method to experimentally assess the in-plane thermal conductivity of graphite bipolar plates, addressing the constraints of traditional methods that have strict demands for thermal stimulation, boundary or initial conditions, and sample size. This method employs infrared thermal imaging to gather information from the surface temperature field of the sample, which is induced by laser stimulation.

The etiology and differential diagnosis of "autoimmune hepatitis-like liver disease" in children: a single-center retrospective study.

Background: Children with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) often present with symptoms similar to those of other liver diseases. This study consists of a comparison between the clinical and histological characteristics of AIH and those of other four AIH-like liver diseases [i.e, drug-induced liver injury (DILI), gene deficiency, infectious liver disease and other etiology of liver disease], as well as an evaluation of the AIH scoring system's diagnostic performance.

Hypoxia-induced epigenetic regulation of miR-485-3p promotes stemness and chemoresistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via SLC7A11-mediated ferroptosis.

The mechanism of hypoxia in chemoresistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains elusive. In this study, we revealed the essential role of miR-485-3p in PDAC, particularly its impact on cancer stemness and gemcitabine resistance under hypoxic conditions. We found substantial downregulation of miR-485-3p in PDAC tissues, with lower expression correlating to poor patient outcomes.