EHDPP impairs intestinal microbiota homeostasis and induces placental injury through choline mediated gut-placenta axis.

2-Ethylhexyl-diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP) is an organophosphate ester (OPE) with roles of flame retardant and plasticizer. It is widely used in various applications, detected in environmental matrices and human body, threatening ecological environment and human health. Some OPEs have been reported to disturb the gut microbiota, the gut microbiota mediates placental function.

Recent Advances in Transcriptome Analysis Within the Realm of Low Arsenic Rice Breeding.

Arsenic (As), a toxic element, is widely distributed in soil and irrigation water. Rice ( L.), the staple food in Southern China, exhibits a greater propensity for As uptake compared to other crops.

The Impact of Nitrogen Addition on Soil Carbon Components and Understory Vegetation in Moso Bamboo Forests.

Moso bamboo forests are ecologically and economically important in China, but the effects of nitrogen addition on soil carbon dynamics and vegetation are underexplored. This study applied six nitrogen treatment levels in a monoculture Moso bamboo forest, collecting soil samples from 0 to 30 cm depth and understory vegetation data. The results showed that nitrogen addition significantly reduced stable carbon components, while particulate organic carbon (POC) increased, suggesting that excessive nitrogen may destabilize the soil carbon pool by accelerating SOC decomposition or reducing accumulation.

A Two-Stage Location-Allocation Optimization Method for Fixed UAV Nests in Power Inspection Considering Node Failure Scenarios.

This paper explores the configuration and deployment of UAV nests for power inspection operations, focusing on potential nest failures. It proposes a two-stage location-allocation method. The problem is divided into two subproblems, each modeled as an integer linear programming (ILP) problem.

Tissue-Mimicking Materials for Breast Ultrasound Elastography Phantoms: A Systematic Review.

Breast ultrasound elastography phantoms are valued for their ability to mimic human tissue, enabling calibration for quality assurance and testing of imaging systems. Phantoms may facilitate the development and evaluation of ultrasound techniques by accurately simulating the properties of breasts. However, selecting appropriate tissue-mimicking materials for realistic and accurate ultrasound exams is crucial to ensure the ultrasound system responds similarly to real breast tissue.

Aggregation-Caused Quenching Dyes as Potent Tools to Track the Integrity of Antitumor Nanocarriers: A Mini-Review.

Cancer has become one of the major causes of death worldwide. Chemotherapy remains a cornerstone of cancer treatment. To enhance the tumor-targeting efficiency of chemotherapy agents, pharmaceutical scientists have developed nanocarriers.

HNP-1: From Structure to Application Thanks to Multifaceted Functions.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are critical components of innate immunity in animals and plants, exhibiting thrilling prospectives as alternatives to traditional antibiotics due to their ability to combat pathogens without leading to resistance. Among these, Human Neutrophil Peptide-1 (HNP-1), primarily produced by human neutrophils, exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria and viruses. However, the clinical application of HNP-1 has been hampered by challenges associated with mass production and inconsistent understanding of its bactericidal mechanisms.

Large Scale Synthesis of Carbon Dots and Their Applications: A Review.

Carbon dots (CDs), a versatile class of fluorescent carbon-based nanomaterials, have attracted widespread attention due to their exceptional optical properties, biocompatibility, and cost-effectiveness. Their applications span biomedicine, optoelectronics, and smart food packaging, yet large-scale synthesis remains a significant challenge. This review categorizes large-scale synthesis methods into liquid-phase (hydrothermal/solvothermal, microwave-assisted, magnetic hyperthermia, aldol condensation polymerization), gas-phase (plasma synthesis), solid-phase (pyrolysis, oxidation/carbonization, ball milling), and emerging techniques (microfluidic, ultrasonic, molten-salt).

Recent Advances in Peptide Inhibitors Targeting Wild-Type Ras Protein Interactions in Cancer Therapy.

Ras proteins are pivotal in the regulation of cell proliferation signals, and their dysregulation is intricately linked to the pathogenesis of various malignancies. Peptide inhibitors hold distinct advantages in targeting Ras proteins, attributable to their extensive binding domains, which result from the smooth surfaces of the proteins. The array of specific strategies includes the employment of full hydrocarbon chains, cyclic peptides, linear peptides, and N-terminal nucleation polypeptides.

Selective Up-Regulation of Tumor Suppressor Gene Retinoblastoma by Bisacridine Derivative Through Gene Promoter Quadruplex Structures for Cancer Treatment.

The (RB) gene is an important tumor suppressor gene with a higher mutation frequency than other tumor suppressor genes. The mutation or inactivation of RB has been found in various cancers. The discovery of small molecules to promote RB expression is an effective anti-cancer strategy.

MicroRNAs Associated with Parenchymal Hematoma After Endovascular Mechanical Reperfusion for Acute Ischemic Stroke in Rats.

Hemorrhagic transformation after endovascular thrombectomy predicts poor outcomes in acute ischemic stroke with large-vessel occlusion. The roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis of parenchymal hematoma (PH) after endovascular thrombectomy still remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the miRNA and mRNA regulatory network associated with PH after mechanical reperfusion in an animal stroke model and an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model.

Revealing the Differences in Microbial Community and Quality of High-Temperature Daqu in the Southern Sichuan-Northern Guizhou Region.

High-temperature Daqu is crucial to Jiang-flavor Baijiu production in the Southern Sichuan-Northern Guizhou region of China. However, the complex interplay among microorganisms, enzymes, and metabolites in the Daqu from this region requires further investigation. This study compared four high-temperature Daqu samples from this region, analyzing their physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, volatile compounds, and microbial community composition and function, and exploring the influence of microorganisms on the saccharification and aroma-formation function of Daqu in combination with correlation analysis.

Utilizing Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis to Explore Potential Alterations in Mitochondrial Function Within Immune Cells Associated with Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms.

Thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is a life-threatening peripheral vascular disease with a complex pathogenesis. Altered mitochondrial function in vascular smooth muscle cells has been implicated in TAA development. However, the link between mitochondrial functional status and immune cell behavior in TAA patients remains largely unexplored.

Multi-Omics Characterization of Genome-Wide Abnormal DNA Methylation Reveals FGF5 as a Diagnosis of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Recurrence After Radiotherapy.

Background: Aberrant expression and mutations in the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family play crucial roles in cell differentiation, growth, and migration, contributing to tumor progression across various cancers. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a malignancy prevalent in East Asia, is primarily treated with radiotherapy; however, radioresistance remains a major challenge, leading to recurrence and poor outcomes. While FGFs are known to activate signaling pathways such as MAPK, PI3K/AKT, and JAK/STAT to promote cancer progression, the specific role of individual FGFs in NPC radioresistance remains unclear.

A Comprehensive Analysis of FGF/FGFR Signaling Alteration in NSCLC: Implications in Prognosis and Microenvironment.

Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) ligands and their receptor have been identified as the potent target in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the clinicopathological and microenvironmental characteristics of FGF/FGFR in NSCLC remain poorly elucidated. Here, we summarize 4656 NSCLCs and analyze clinicopathological features in 478 FGF/FGFR altered cases.

Exchange Coupling-Induced Spin Dynamic Damping Modulation at the Py/FeMn Interface.

The spin dynamic damping is crucial for applications in magnetic memory, sensors, and logical systems. Here, focusing on interfacial antiferromagnetic exchange coupling, the magneto-dynamics of NiFe(Py)/FeMn(FeMn) bilayers is systematically investigated. When the FeMn thickness exceeds 5 nm, an interfacial exchange bias field appears, significantly increasing the spin dynamic damping of the Py/FeMn bilayer to around 0.

Development and validation of a dynamic nomogram for predicting cognitive impairment risk in older adults with dentures: analysis from CHARLS and CLHLS data.

Background And Aims: Cognitive impairment is a common issue among older adults, with denture use identified as a potential, easily recognizable clinical risk factor. However, the link between denture wear and cognitive decline in older Chinese adults remains understudied. This study aimed to develop and validate a dynamic nomogram to predict the risk of cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults who wear dentures.

A novel mechanism of FTO modulating the progression of endometriosis through mediating the m6A methylation of GEF-H1 in a YTHDF1-dependent manner.

Background: Endometriosis (EMs) is a condition characterized by the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. Although this condition is benign, it has cancer-like features. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a common RNA modification involved in diverse biological processes, but its role in EMs remains unclear.

Comparative analysis of clinical features of brucellosis in Kashi and Guangzhou: a retrospective multicentre study.

Objective: In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of brucellosis cases from two distinct regions of China to investigate the similarities and differences in clinical characteristics between endemic and non-endemic areas. Our objective was to summarise the clinical characteristics of brucellosis and improve clinicians' understanding and diagnostic accuracy of the disease.

Methods: This was a retrospective, multicentre, cross-sectional study.

Enhanced methane production from bloom algal biomass using hydrothermal and hydrothermal-alkaline pretreatment with anaerobic digestion.

Coalbeds have the potential as geobioreactors for producing renewable natural gas from biomass derived from photosynthesis. This brings about a number of benefits, including support for sustainable energy and the sequestration of carbon dioxide in coal. In this study, freshwater bloom algae were employed as the substrate to examine the influence of hydrothermal and hydrothermal-alkaline pretreatment on methane production using an inoculum from an anaerobic digester.

Advancements in ultrafast photonics: confluence of nonlinear optics and intelligent strategies.

Automatic mode-locking techniques, the integration of intelligent technologies with nonlinear optics offers the promise of on-demand intelligent control, potentially overcoming the inherent limitations of traditional ultrafast pulse generation that have predominantly suffered from the instability and suboptimality of open-loop manual tuning. The advancements in intelligent algorithm-driven automatic mode-locking techniques primarily are explored in this review, which also revisits the fundamental principles of nonlinear optical absorption, and examines the evolution and categorization of conventional mode-locking techniques. The convergence of ultrafast pulse nonlinear interactions with intelligent technologies has intricately expanded the scope of ultrafast photonics, unveiling considerable potential for innovation and catalyzing new waves of research breakthroughs in ultrafast photonics and nonlinear optics characters.

Ultrasensitive photoelectric detection with room temperature extremum.

Room-temperature photodetection holds pivotal significance in diverse applications such as sensing, imaging, telecommunications, and environmental remote sensing due to its simplicity, versatility, and indispensability. Although different kinds of photon and thermal detectors have been realized, high sensitivity of photodetection with room temperature extremum is not reported until now. Herein, we find evident peaks in the photoelectric response originated from the anomalous excitonic insulator phase transition in tantalum nickel selenide (TaNiSe) for room-temperature optimized photodetection from visible light to terahertz ranges.

Time-Dependent Chemiluminescence Fingerprint for Ultrasensitive Trap State Identification in Zinc Gallates.

With the growing demand for highly efficient sensors capable of rapid and reliable detection of trap states in semiconductors, developing novel chemical and physical phenomena induced by trap states at nanomaterial interfaces has thus emerged as a critical technological field. Herein, we developed an innovative time-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) method for evaluating trap states in semiconductor materials. By leveraging the unique trap states of Cr-activated zinc gallate (ZGOC) semiconductors and the hydroxyl radical (·OH)-rich EDTA-Fe-HO system, we achived rational manipulation of ·OH-triggered time-dependent near-infrared (NIR) CL induction.

[Research progress on automated insulin delivery system in the field of diabetes management].

Diabetes and its complications pose a serious threat to human life and health. It has become a public health problem of wide concern worldwide. Currently, diabetes is mainly treated with insulin injection in clinic.

Responses of soil labile organic carbon stocks and the carbon pool management index to different vegetation restoration types in the Danxia landform region of southwest China.

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is an important index for evaluating soil quality in the process of ecological restoration. It plays an important role in increasing soil carbon storage, improving soil texture, and promoting plant growth. Nevertheless, dating the variation in SOC and labile SOC fractions (LOCFs) during ecological restoration processes has not been sufficiently elucidated.