Capillary refill time and tissue oxygen saturation as factors influencing lower limb ischemia in VA-ECMO: a case-control study.

Background And Objectives: Venous-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is a pivotal means for rapid cardiopulmonary support, yet it may result in lower limb ischemia. This study aims to explore the high-risk factors for lower limb ischemia following VA-ECMO.

Methods: 117 patients who received VA-ECMO treatment at Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital from June 2022 to December 2023 were divided into lower limb ischemia group and non ischemia group for case-control analysis.

Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveal the cold tolerance mechanism of common beans under cold stress.

Background: Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a thermophilic crop, and exposure to cold stress can significantly impact their yield and quality. To elucidate the impact of cold stress on cold-tolerant 'Wei Yuan' (WY) and cold-sensitive 'Bai Bu Lao' (BBL) of common bean, the mechanism of cold tolerance was studied by physiological and biochemical and multi-omics analysis.

Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolome reveal molecular mechanism of tolerance to salt stress in rice.

Background: Salt stress is considered to be one of the major abiotic stresses influencing rice growth and productivity. To improve rice crop productivity in saline soils, it is essential to choose a suitable variety for mitigating salt stress and gain a deep understanding of the underlying mechanisms. The current study explored the salt tolerance mechanism of wild rice 'HD96-1 (salt resistive)' and conventional rice 'IR29 (salt sensitive)' by evaluating morph-physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic approaches.

Association between percent body fat and the risk of prediabetes among Chinese adults: a 5-years longitudinal cohort study.

This study aimed to explore the influence of percent body fat (PBF) on the risk of developing prediabetes among Chinese individuals, given the limited evidence on this relationship. We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 185,586 Chinese adults. We applied Cox proportional hazards regression models, cubic spline functions, and smooth curve fitting to analyze the relationship between initial PBF and the likelihood of prediabetes, focusing on its nonlinear connection.

Evaluation Value of Preoperative Serum Transaminase Ratio Combined with Serum Tumor Markers for Prognosis of Patients with Stage III Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Study.

Objective: This study utilized data from two hospitals to investigate the relationship between the preoperative serum alanine aminotransferase to aspartate aminotransferase ratio (LSR) combined with preoperative serum tumor markers (TM) and the prognosis of patients with stage III colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: An analysis was performed on the clinical data of 211 patients diagnosed with stage III colorectal cancer (CRC), treated surgically at the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University and the General Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University between January 2016 and December 2016. Laboratory data were also compiled for these patients.

Artificial base mismatches-mediated PCR (ABM-PCR) for detecting clinically relevant single-base mutations.

Objectives: Detecting point mutations with high sensitivity and specificity can be technically very challenging, but it is crucial for early diagnosis and effective drug treatment of cancers. To enable ultrasensitive and ultraspecific detection of single-base mutations in simple and economical ways, we have developed an artificial base mismatches-mediated PCR (ABM-PCR) detection approach.

Methods: ABM-PCR was applied to quantitative PCR (qPCR) and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) detection platforms.

Aerobic Exercise Training, Biological Age, and Mortality in Chronic Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction.

Background: Among individuals with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), the predictive value for mortality by biomarker-based biological age (BA) and whether aerobic exercise training (AET) modifies the association are understudied.

Objectives: The authors aimed to investigate the association between BA and mortality among individuals with HFrEF and assess whether AET modifies the association.

Methods: Including participants in HF-ACTION (Heart Failure: A Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes of Exercise Training), BA acceleration was constructed by the Klemera-Doubal method, using the residual of a linear model of BA and chronological age.

Effects of Different Antiviral Treatments on Liver Inflammation and Fibrosis in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B.

Oral nucleotide analogues (NAs) and peginterferon-α injections are commonly used for the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study aims to evaluate the effects of different antiviral therapies on the degree of liver inflammation and fibrosis in CHB patients. This was a retrospective cohort study.

Causal association between blood metabolites and head and neck cancer: butyrylcarnitine identified as an associated trait for cancer risk and progression.

Background: Blood metabolites play an important role in predicting or influencing the occurrence and development of cancers. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between blood metabolites and the occurrence of head and neck cancer (HNC).

Methods: We employed a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to investigate the role of blood metabolites in HNC predisposition.

GPR30-driven fatty acid oxidation targeted by ginsenoside Rd maintains mitochondrial redox homeostasis to restore vascular barrier in diabetic retinopathy.

Blood-retinal barrier (BRB) breakdown, a pivotal contributor to multiple retinal vascular diseases, manifests as a progressive increase in vascular permeability induced by various pathological stimuli. The functional plasticity of retinal endothelial cells can be intricately shaped by metabolic alteration. However, little is known about the mechanisms through which endothelial metabolic disorders trigger the dissolution of inter-vascular junctions and the selective approaches to targeting metabolic homeostasis.

Long noncoding RNA BCAR4 regulates osteosarcoma progression by targeting microRNA-1260a.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in modulating cancer progression and metastasis. This study investigates the tumor-promoting function of long noncoding RNA BCAR4 in osteosarcoma and elucidates its regulatory mechanism. Although BCAR4 acts as a tumor promoter in osteosarcoma, its regulatory mechanism remains unclear.

Ultrafast Exciton Formation in Perovskite Quantum Rods.

Investigating exciton formation in semiconductor materials is essential for efficient light-to-energy conversion applications. Exciton formation has been extensively studied in two-dimensional materials but is rarely observed in single quantum systems. Here, we construct one-dimensional CsPbBr quantum rods (QRs) with two confined dimensions and one unconfined dimension.

Soybean β-conglycinin-debranched starch flexible nano-conjugates: Focus on formation mechanism and physicochemical characteristics.

This study developed soybean 7S globulin-debranched starch (DBS) nano-conjugates via glycation to investigate the impact of DBS on 7S's physicochemical properties and the effect of different globulin-to-starch ratios on the conjugates. The results showed that 7S-DBS nano-conjugates with a 5:1 ratio had the smallest particle size (189.92 nm), lowest PDI (0.

Origin of Nonlinear Circular Photocurrent in 2D Semiconductor MoS_{2}.

Nonlinear photogalvanic effects in two-dimensional materials, particularly the nonlinear circular photocurrents (NCPs) that belong to the helicity-dependent spin photocurrents, have sparked enormous research interest. Although notable progress has been witnessed, the underling origin of NCPs remains elusive. Here, we present systematic photocurrent characteristics, symmetry analysis and theoretical calculations to uncover the physical origin of NCPs in MoS_{2}, a prototypical 2D semiconductor.

Line integral compressed ultrafast photography for large time-scale measurements.

Compressed ultrafast photography (CUP) has attracted significant attention in the field of ultrafast optical imaging but is inherently constrained by a trade-off between sequence depth and spatial resolution. To address this limitation, we present a novel, to the best of our knowledge, system called spatial line integral CUP (LI-CUP). LI-CUP utilizes a cylindrical lens to compress each encoded time-slice frame into a spatial line, which is then recorded by a streak camera with a narrow slit.

Erratum: Astrocytic YAP protects the optic nerve and retina in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model through TGF-β signaling: Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/thno.60031.

Dental plaque-inspired peptide engineered to control plaque accumulation.

Effective control of plaque accumulation is an important strategy for reducing the risk of both localized oral health issues and systemic diseases associated with plaque. However, existing approaches for preventing plaque accumulation exhibit some limitations, such as insufficient compatibility with the oral microbiota and tissues, as well as inconvenience in their use. Herein, inspired by dental plaque, a new class of peptides featuring excellent anti-fouling performance is successfully developed.

Precision repair of zone-specific meniscal injuries using a tunable extracellular matrix-based hydrogel system.

Meniscus injuries present significant therapeutic challenges due to their limited self-healing capacity and the diverse biological and mechanical properties across the tissue. Conventional repair strategies do not replicate the complex zonal characteristics within the meniscus, resulting in suboptimal outcomes. In this study, we introduce an innovative fetal/adult and stiffness-tunable meniscus decellularized extracellular matrix (DEM)-based hydrogel system designed for precision repair of heterogeneous, zonal-dependent meniscus injuries.

Thrombospondin 1 Promotes Cytoskeleton Remodeling, Dedifferentiation, and Pulmonary Metastasis through ITGA1 and ITGA6 in Osteosarcoma.

Dedifferentiation of osteosarcoma cells leads to poor prognosis. We plan to identify the key molecules that are involved in cell dedifferentiation and explore how they promote the pulmonary metastasis of osteosarcoma cells. We performed a sphere formation assay and confirmed that the spheroid cells could be redifferentiated into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes in specific medium, and the stem cell-like markers Stro-1 and CD117 were detected on the cell surface, which indicated that the spheroid cells were dedifferentiated cells.

Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45: a new player on inflammatory diseases.

Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45 (GADD45) proteins are critical stress sensors rapidly induced in response to genotoxic/physiological stress and regulate many cellular functions. Even though the primary function of the proteins is to block the cell cycle, inhibit cell proliferation, promote cell apoptosis, and repair DNA damage to cope with the damage caused by internal and external stress on the body, evidence has shown that GADD45 also has the function to modulate innate and adaptive immunity and plays a broader role in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we focus on the immunomodulatory role of GADD45 in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

Longitudinal association between parents' reported vaccination program preferences and children's actual immunization patterns in Shanghai, China.

Background: As China expands its national immunization program, it is essential to understand parents' beliefs about pediatric vaccination programs and the translation into actual vaccination decision-making for their children. This study aims to characterize parents pediatric vaccination program preferences and assess the association between parents' reported vaccination preferences and their children's vaccination status.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study in Shanghai, China, we linked parents' survey responses about their preferences for pediatric vaccine programs when the child was ≤ 3 months in 2017 to their children's immunization records in 2020.

Effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on survival outcomes of patients undergoing radical gastrectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a multicenter study in China.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has been confirmed to improve the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). However, no study has investigated whether Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection affects the postoperative survival of patients who receive NAC.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 307 patients with AGC who underwent laparoscopic radical gastrectomy after NAC at three hospitals in China between January 1, 2016, and April 31, 2020.

Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting postoperative pulmonary complications in older patients undergoing noncardiac thoracic surgery: a prospective, bicentric cohort study.

Background: The ARISCAT score, a prospectively developed generic classification for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), has shown excellent predictive performance in general surgery. However, there is no reliable classification instrument for PPCs prediciton in thoracic surgery.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate a novel nomogram for estimating the risk of pulmonary complications in older patients (≥ 65 years) within 30 days after NCTS.

An Ultra-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometer with an Intermediate-Pressure Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Source.

The demand for high-resolution, high-throughput and spatially resolved mass analysis has been a key focus in developing mass spectrometers. We have developed a novel high-performance mass spectrometer by integrating matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) source with a new planar electrostatic ion trap mass analyzer for ultrahigh-resolution MALDI source mass analysis. Performance characterization experiments show that with a transient time of 800 ms, the resolution for 392 Th can exceed 530 K by utilizing high-order harmonics, and the spectrometer can distinguish the isotopic peaks in the Met-Arg-Phe-Ala acetate salt (MRFA) M+2 peak family.