Proline betaine facilitates angiogenesis in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is prevalent and severe diseases in preterm infants, characterized by abnormal lung development. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic potential of proline betaine, a natural alkaloid recognized for its vasculo-protective and anti-inflammatory properties, in BPD model.

Methods: Network pharmacology was utilized to predict the targets of proline betaine and BPD-related genes (BPD-RGs).

Dominant Mechanism of Nanofiltration for Chloride/Sulfate Ion Separation in High Salinity Solutions: The Quantification of Pore Size-Influenced Dielectric Exclusion.

Nanofiltration membranes attract extensive attention in solute selective separation, especially in resource extraction and recovery. A prevalent strategy to enhance the monovalent and multivalent ion selective separation performance involves modifying the membrane surface charge properties to influence the Donnan exclusion. However, the counterion adsorption and shielding effects are aggravated with increasing ionic strength, which severely weaken the Donnan exclusion.

Neutrophils are involved in the development and outcomes of plastic bronchitis associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.

Background: Previous research has demonstrated a notable increase in neutrophil counts among pediatric patients with plastic bronchitis (PB) associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). However, the role of neutrophils in MPP-associated PB remains largely elusive.

Methods: This is a nested case-control study that enrolled patients diagnosed with MPP who underwent bronchoscopy in our department during the MPP pandemic from September 2023 to January 2024.

Pivotal influence of solution chemistry on electrosorption-enhanced membrane filtration performance: Implication for study of electrified membrane processes.

Electrified membrane separation exhibits a multitude of intriguing qualities coveted for next-generation water purification technologies. For practical wastewater treatment scenarios, integrated electrified ultrafiltration (EUF) enables simultaneous enhancement in membrane fouling inhibition, pollutant rejection, and desalination efficiency. Elucidating the complex mechanism of the influence of solution chemistry on the efficiency of EUF treatment is one of the most crucial challenges dominating its further application.

Effects of compassion fatigue, structural empowerment, and psychological empowerment on the caring behaviours of intensive care unit nurses in China: A structural equation modelling analysis.

Background: Caring behaviours play a pivotal role in nursing. The negative correlation between caring behaviours and compassion fatigue in the intensive care unit (ICU) has been extensively researched. Nevertheless, considerable gaps persist in comprehending the associations of psychological empowerment and structural empowerment with outcomes, particularly in the highly stressful environment of the ICU.

CCDC134 enhances ovarian reserve function and angiogenesis by directly interacting with INHA in a mouse model of premature ovarian insufficiency.

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a multifactorial condition characterized by diminished ovarian function, granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis, and impaired ovarian angiogenesis, leading to infertility and long-term health complications. Despite its prevalence, effective therapeutic targets for POI remain limited. This study investigates the role of CCDC134 in maintaining ovarian reserve and promoting angiogenesis and its interaction with INHA in a mouse model of POI.

Initial free ammonia is critical for robust acidic partial nitrification in sequencing batch reactor.

The full implementation of partial nitrification (PN) is still limited by low influent NH-N concentrations. The stability and boundary conditions for nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) inhibition in the sequencing batch reactor (SBR) mode for low-strength wastewater with dynamic environments remain ambiguous. This study attempted to identify the critical factors and extended boundary conditions for the stable PN in SBR.

NAD+ Suppresses EV-D68 Infection by Enhancing Anti-Viral Effect of SIRT1.

Enterovirus 68 (EV-D68) is a non-enveloped virus with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome that causes respiratory diseases and acute flaccid myelitis, posing significant threats to human health. However, an effective vaccine remains undeveloped. SIRT1, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent enzyme, plays a key role in cellular metabolism, but its interaction with NAD+ during viral infections is not well understood.

Dietary influence on the link between depression and muscle mass and muscle strength: exploring interaction and mediation effects.

Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the associations of depression with muscle mass and muscle strength, and whether these associations were modified or mediated by dietary energy intake and dietary quality.

Methods: Our study included participants aged 40 and above from the 2011-2018 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Depression was evaluated using the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire.

High-throughput screening of new psychoactive substances and related compounds in food by UHPLC-Q/Orbitrap.

Currently, there is concern about food products to which new psychoactive substances (NPS) have been added illegally. However, rapid, high-sensitivity, and high-throughput screening methods for such harmful substances have not been reported yet. In this study, a high-throughput non-targeted screening strategy was developed based on UHPLC-Q/Orbitrap.

Corrigendum: Screening and characterization of the scFv for chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting CEA-positive carcinoma.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.

Dynamics Study of the CaC (∑) + C(P) → Ca+C (∑) Reaction: Based on a Full-Dimensional Neural Network Potential Energy Surface of CaC.

The CaC molecule, as an interstellar species that has already been detected, has attracted significant attention. To date, studies on the potential energy surface (PES) and the reaction dynamics of CaC are largely lacking. In this work, energy values were obtained for 3877 configurations using the icMRCI+Q method, and these energies were subsequently fitted using a neural network approach.

Reactive rate coefficients and machine learning predictions for O(3P) + C2(X1Σg+) collisions on an accurate PIP-NN potential energy surface.

A full-dimensional potential energy surface (PES) for the 3A″ state of the [CCO] system has been constructed using neural networks (NNs) with permutationally invariant polynomials. This global analytical PES was accurately fitted from 9293 ab initio energies at the MRCI + Q/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory. Based on the newly developed surfaces, the microscopic chemical reaction mechanisms of the O(3P) + C2(X1Σg+) → CO(X1Σ+) + C(3P) reactive collision were investigated using the quasi-classical trajectory (QCT) method.

An interpretable machine learning model assists in predicting induction chemotherapy response and survival for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma using MRI: a multicenter study.

Objectives: To develop and validate an interpretable and generalized machine learning model using MRI for the individualized prediction of induction chemotherapy (ICT) response and survival in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LANPC).

Methods: A total of 1368 patients who underwent MRI examinations before ICT from three hospitals were retrospectively enrolled and divided into training, internal validation, external validation, and cross-field strength validation cohorts. Significant radiomics and clinical features were selected from coarse to fine.

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction-Characterization of Polymeric Membranes: A Review.

Polymeric membranes serve as vital separation materials in diverse energy and environmental applications. A comprehensive understanding of three-dimensional (3D) structures of membranes is critical to performance evaluation and future design. Such quantitative 3D structural information is beyond the limit of most employed conventional two-dimentional characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy.

Unraveling the Trade-Off Effect of Pyrogenic Carbons Between Biopseudocapacitors and Bioconductors During Anaerobic Methanogenesis.

Pyrogenic carbons (PCs), with varying structures depending on the materials and thermal treatment conditions, have been extensively used to enhance anaerobic digestion by mediating electron transfer. However, the underlying mechanism has yet to be explored. Herein, the redirection and enhancement of the direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) pathway were evidenced, along with the upregulated electrochemical properties and structural proteins in the methanogenic consortia.

Mendelian Randomization Study Reveals Causal Pathways for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Cardiovascular Proteins, and Atrial Fibrillation.

Research evidence has demonstrated a significant association between hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and atrial fibrillation (AF), but the causality and pattern of this link remain unexplored. Therefore, this study investigated the causal relationship between HCM and AF using a two-sample and bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Additionally, this assessed the role of cardiovascular proteins (CPs) associated with cardiovascular diseases between HCM and AF by applying a two-step MR analysis.

Perfusion Capacity as a Predictive Index for Assessing Visual Functional Recovery in Patients With Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane.

Purpose: This study investigates the association between visual function and retinal vasculature metrics, particularly perfusion capacity (PC), in eyes with idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM), using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: This retrospective study includes 30 eyes from 30 iERM patients who had surgery, with a three-month follow-up period. In addition, 28 eyes from 28 healthy individuals served as a control group.

Transcriptomic Analysis and Experimental Verification of Ferroptosis Signature Genes in Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis is a systemic disease that primarily damages articular cartilage and also affects the synovium, ligaments, and bone tissues. The key mechanisms involved are chondrocyte death and degradation of the extracellular matrix. This study aims to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with ferroptosis and investigate their roles in the development of osteoarthritis.

The Effect of K-Doping on Activation in Co-Free Li-Rich Cathodes.

The activation mechanism of Li-rich cathode has been discussed for many years, yet there is still debate on different theories. Potassium doping can assist the investigation on activation mechanism through its unique function in terms of blocking TM migration during activation. K-doping works by occupying Li sites even after Li has been extracted, increasing stability by blocking transition metals from migrating into these sites, which can help us distinguish the pathway of activation.

Correlation between the Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation score and bispectral index in patients receiving propofol titration during general anesthesia induction.

Objectives: To explore the relationship between the Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (OAAS) score and the bispectral index (BIS) during propofol titration for general anesthesia induction and analyze the impact of BIS monitoring delay on anesthetic depth assessment.

Methods: This study was conducted among 90 patients (ASA class I-II) undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia. For anesthesia induction, the patients received propofol titration at the rate of 0.

Differential expressions of exosomal miRNAs in patients with chronic heart failure and hyperuricemia: diagnostic values of miR-27a-5p and miR-139-3p.

Objectives: To analyze the differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) complicated by hyperuricemia (HUA) and explore their potential as novel diagnostic molecular markers and their target genes.

Methods: This study was conducted among 30 CHF patients with HUA (observation group) and 30 healthy volunteers (control group) enrolled between September, 2020 and September, 2023. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 6 CHF patients with HUA for analyzing exosomal miRNAs by high-throughput sequencing, and the results were validated in the remaining 24 patients using qRT-PCR.

Leveraging almost hydrophobic PVDF membrane and in-situ ozonation in O/UF/BAC system for superior anti-fouling and rejection performance in drinking water treatment.

The almost hydrophobic PVDF membrane (PVDF matrix) commonly exhibited excellent performance in pollutant rejection but with poor anti-fouling performance. This study intended to develop the rejection performance and enhance anti-fouling of the PVDF membrane in an O/UF/BAC system for high quality water production through leveraging the advantages of in-situ ozonation and the nature of the PVDF membrane. Reduced density gradient (RDG) analysis demonstrated that the PVDF membrane exhibited excellent ozone resistance by reducing hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions between the membrane surface and ozone.

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Geopolymer-Based PFSS Synthesized from Excavated Loess.

Pre-mixed fluidized solidified soil (PFSS) has the advantages of pumpability, convenient construction, and a short setting time. This paper took the excavated loess in Fuzhou as the research object and used cement-fly-ash-ground granulated blast furnace slag-carbide slag as a composite geopolymer system (CFGC) to synthesize PFSS. This study investigated the fluidity and mechanical strength of PFSS under different water-solid ratios and curing agent dosages; finally, the microstructure of the composite geopolymer system-pre-mixed fluidized solidified soil (CFGC-PFSS) was characterized.

Determinants of sleep quality and their impact on health outcomes: a cross-sectional study on night-shift nurses.

Purpose: This study aimed to identify determinants of sleep quality and explore their adverse health outcomes among night-shift nurses in China.

Method: Through convenience sampling, this cross-sectional study enrolled a total of 711 night-shift nurses aged 20-55 years who completed questionnaires from which details regarding their sociodemographic characteristics, health-related indicators and sleep quality based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were extracted. A generalized linear regression analysis was then created to identify factors influencing sleep quality.