Transcriptome sequencing and metabolome analysis to reveal renewal evidence for drought adaptation in mulberry.

As an economically important tree species, mulberry (Morus spp.) has exhibited a remarkable tolerance for salinity, drought and heavy metals. However, the precise mechanism of metabolome-mediated drought adaptation is unclear.

Serovar and multilocus sequence typing analysis of Pasteurella multocida from diseased pigs in Taiwan.

Background: Pasteurella multocida causes progressive atrophic rhinitis and suppurative bronchopneumonia in pigs, which results in severe economic losses in swine industry. This study aimed to determine the serovar, genotype and prevalence of toxA virulence gene of Pasteurella multocida isolates collected in Taiwan. A total of 164 Pasteurella multocida isolates from 161 diseased pigs were characterized by serotyping, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and the presence of virulence gene (toxA) and antibiotic resistance gene (floR).

Characteristics and risk factors in odontogenic maxillary sinusitis from different dental infections: a retrospective study based on sinus CT imaging.

Background: Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis is a common type of maxillary sinusitis, which is secondary to adjacent infectious maxillary dental lesions. However, the prevalence and the different odontogenic risk factors that influence the pathogenesis of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis are not clear. Thus, odontogenic maxillary sinusitis is often overlooked and facing great difficulties of multi-disciplinary treatment decisions for odontogenic maxillary sinusitis.

Application of metabolomics in the classification of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes in rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is frequently treated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), where patients are classified into distinct syndromes, such as heat-dampness syndrome (HD) and kidney-liver deficiency syndrome (KLD). However, an objective and systematic approach to differentiate these TCM syndromes remains lacking. This study is aimed at analyzing serum metabolomics to identify differential metabolites and pathways associated with HD and GS syndromes in RA patients and at evaluating their potential as diagnostic biomarkers.

Risk of ankylosing spondylitis in long-term follow-up of hematopoietic stem cell donors: impact of HLA-B27 status and donation type.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a pivotal curative therapy for various hematologic diseases, and donor safety is paramount. A few cases of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) have been reported in healthy unrelated donors, but the incidence has not been previously described. This retrospective cohort study analyzed 1098 bone marrow (BM) and 3890 peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) donors between January 1998 and December 2018, along with healthy participants from the donor registry using de-identified data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database.

The effect of mindfulness training on the psychological state of high-level athletes: Meta analysis and system evaluation research.

To investigate the impact of mindfulness training on mindfulness, psychological resilience, flow state, subjective well-being, sports anxiety, sports depression, and psychological fatigue among elite athletes through a meta-analysis. Databases like PubMed, Web of Science, and others were searched for randomized controlled trials up to October 31, 2024. Included studies compared mindfulness training interventions to non-mindfulness training in elite athletes.

Blocking Effect Retards Electron Release from Asymmetric Active Units for Selective Seawater Oxidation.

During seawater electrolysis, chloride ion (Cl) adsorption at the anode leads to an inevitable competitive chloride oxidation reaction (ClOR) with the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), compromising the long-term stability of the electrolysis process. Furthermore, Ni-based OER electrocatalysts are challenged by activity degradation due to the overoxidation of Ni. In response, we present a design of oxygen-vacancy-regulated asymmetric Nb-O-Ni bonds aimed at selective seawater oxidation.

Collagen Hybridizing Peptides Promote Collagen Fibril Growth .

Recreating the structural and mechanical properties of native tissues presents significant challenges, particularly in mimicking the dense fibrillar network of extracellular matrixes such as skin and tendons. This study develops a reversible collagen film through cycling collagen self-assembly and disassembly, offering an innovative approach to address these challenges. We first generated an engineered collagen scaffold by applying plastic compression to the collagen hydrogel.

The Involvement of Mitochondrial Dysfunction during the Development of Adenomyosis.

The etiology of adenomyosis remains unclear. The association between epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mitochondrial dysfunction has been proposed to be involved in fibrotic diseases. Adenomyosis is defined as the existence of endometrial glands and stroma in the myometrium with EMT and ultimate fibrosis.

RPUSD1 enhances the expression of eIF4E through RluA catalytic domain, activates PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and promotes the cell proliferation and invasion in non-small cell lung cancer.

RNA pseudouridylate synthase domain containing 1 (RPUSD1) is a pseudouridine synthase, and its role in human solid tumors remains unknown. We found that RPUSD1 showed enhanced cytoplasmic expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Its increased expression is associated with tumor malignant phenotypes.

New tool in our arsenal: efficacy of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in androgenetic alopecia treatment.

Objective: This study assesses the short-term therapeutic efficacy and safety of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in managing androgenetic alopecia (AGA). AGA, a common genetic condition leading to hair loss, significantly affects the quality of life. Given the limited efficacy of existing treatments, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies.

Research progress in the preparation of sodium-ion battery anode materials using ball milling.

Sodium-ion batteries are regarded as one of the most promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries due to the greater abundance and lower cost of sodium compared to lithium. However, sodium-ion batteries have not yet been widely adopted. The main reason is that, compared to lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries have lower energy density and shorter cycle life, with the performance of anode materials directly affecting the energy density and cycle stability of sodium-ion batteries.

Semi-rational engineering of a novel halohydrin dehalogenase from Sneathiella limimaris for the enantioselective synthesis of (S)-5-phenoxymethyl-2-oxazolidinone.

Enantiomerically pure 2-oxazolidinones are widely used as chiral auxiliaries in organic synthesis, but there is an unmet need for more effective methods to access these compounds. Here we report the identification and semi-rational engineering of the halohydrin dehalogenase SlHHDH from Sneathiella limimaris for the highly enantioselective ring-opening of phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE) with cyanate to yield (S)-5-phenoxymethyl-2-oxazolidinone. After single and combinatorial mutagenesis, the best enantioselective triple mutant, F15W/A137T/N179L achieved an enantioselectivity of 97 %, with an E value of 154.

Xanthine Derivative KMUP-3 Alleviates Periodontal Bone Resorption by Inhibiting Osteoclastogenesis and Macrophage Pyroptosis.

Aim: This study investigated the function effects of KMUP-3, a self-developed synthetic xanthine-based derivative, in suppressing Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg-LPS)-aggravated osteoclastogenesis and pyroptosis as a potential treatment for periodontitis.

Methods: In vitro, the effects of Pg-LPS and KMUP-3 on osteoclast formation and macrophage pyroptosis were investigated using the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-primed RAW264.7 macrophages.

The Effects of Pangenotypic Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy on Lipid Profiles and Insulin Resistance in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication is usually associated with dyslipidemia. Most studies in this field have focused on genotype-specific direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), with research on pangenotypic DAAs being limited. This study examined how two pangenotypic DAA regimens, glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL), affect lipid profiles and insulin resistance after viral eradication in chronic HCV patients.

Metabolomic Analysis Reveals the Diversity of Defense Metabolites in Nine Cereal Crops.

Cereal crops are important staple foods, and their defense metabolites hold significant research importance. In this study, we employed LC-MS-based untargeted and widely-targeted metabolomics to profile the leaf metabolome of nine cereal species, including rice, wheat, maize, barley, sorghum, common oat, foxtail millet, broomcorn millet, and adlay. A total of 9869 features were detected, among them, 1131 were annotated, encompassing 18 classes such as flavonoids, lipids, and alkaloids.

Anion-Exchange Strategy for Ru/RuO-Embedded N/S--Doped Porous Carbon Composites for Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixation.

Ionic porous polymers have been widely utilized efficiently to anchor various metal atoms for the preparation of metal-embedded heteroatom-doped porous carbon composites as the active materials for electrocatalytic applications. However, the rational design of the heteroatom and metal elements in HPC-based composites remains a significant challenge, due to the tendency of the aggregation of metal nanoparticles during pyrolysis. In this study, a nitrogen (N)- and sulfur (S)-enriched ionic covalent organic framework (COF) incorporating viologen and thieno[3,4-b] thiophene (TbT) was constructed via Zincke-type polycondensation.

High-Efficiency Surface-Cooled Rapid Tooling Development for Injection Molding of Low-Density Polyethylene.

Epoxy resin filled with aluminum particles constitutes a polymer composite material commonly utilized in research and development departments to fabricate rapid tooling for prototyping new designs. This study developed aluminum-filled epoxy resin molds by incorporating surface-cooled cooling channels (SCCCs) to enhance cooling performance, validated through Moldex3D simulation and experimental analysis. The simulation revealed that a 1 mm mesh size was utilized to balance accuracy and efficiency, with simulations revealing the complete filling of the injection-molded product within 5 s.

Technical Advancements and Applications in Predictive Modeling of Polyurethane Foaming Height.

Various polyurethane foams (i.e., rigid, flexible, and spray polyurethane foams) offer diverse applications due to their unique properties, including thermal insulation, cushioning, and seamless gap filling.

Enhanced Leaching of Lepidolite by Acidophilic Microorganisms Under Mechanical Activation.

In recent years, mechanical activation technology has been extensively applied as a pretreatment process to increase the leaching efficiency in hydrometallurgical mineral processing. However, studies on its application in the lepidolite bioleaching process are limited. Therefore, the effects of mechanical activation on lithium extraction by an acidophilic iron/sulfur-oxidizing microbial community under different nutrient conditions were evaluated in this study.

Genetic Insights and Clinical Implications of Mutations in Sialidosis.

Sialidosis is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the gene, resulting in deficient neuraminidase-1 activity and the subsequent accumulation of sialylated compounds in lysosomes. This review comprehensively analyzes the genetic and clinical heterogeneity associated with sialidosis, emphasizing the distinction between the milder type I form and the more severe type II form. Over 90 pathogenic variants, predominantly missense mutations, have been identified, highlighting significant phenotypic diversity.

A Multi-Omics-Based Exploration of the Predictive Role of MSMB in Prostate Cancer Recurrence: A Study Using Bayesian Inverse Convolution and 10 Machine Learning Combinations.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent malignancy among elderly men. Biochemical recurrence (BCR), which typically occurs after radical treatments such as radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy, serves as a critical indicator of potential disease progression. However, reliable and effective methods for predicting BCR in PCa patients remain limited.

Outcome of T2 Glottic Cancer Treated with Radiotherapy Alone or Concurrent Chemo-Radiotherapy.

Laryngeal cancer accounts for 10% of head and neck cancers, with glottic cancers comprising two-thirds of cases in our country [...

A High-Frequency Temporal-Interference Alternative Current Stimulation Device Using Pulse Amplitude Modulation with Push-Pull Current Sources.

This study proposes a high-frequency Pulse Amplitude-Modulation Temporal-Interference (PAM-TI) current stimulation device, which utilizes two sets of Amplitude-modulated transcranial alternating current stimulation (AM-tACS): one AM frequency at f0 (where f0 = 2 kHz) (source 1) and the other AM frequency at f1 = f0 + △f (where f1 = 2.01 kHz) (source 2), to generate a △f (where △f = 10 Hz) envelope modulated at a fc (where fc = 100 kHz) high carrier frequency. The high carrier frequency reduces body impedance and conserves more stimulation power, allowing it to penetrate the skin and reach the subcutaneous region.

Physiological and transcriptomic evidence revealed the role of exogenous GABA in enhancing salt tolerance in strawberry seedlings.

As one of the most salt-sensitive crops, strawberry production is severely limited by salt stress. γ--aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been reported to play an important role in the immune response of plants. In this study, the physiological and transcriptomic changes in strawberry seedlings treated with GABA under salt stress were investigated to explore the effect of GABA on salt tolerance.