Galactin-8 DNA methylation mediates macrophage autophagy through the MAPK/mTOR pathway to alleviate atherosclerosis.

DNA methylation modifications are an important mechanism affecting the process of atherosclerosis (AS). Previous studies have shown that Galectin-8 (GAL8) DNA methylation level is associated with sudden death of coronary heart disease or acute events of coronary heart disease. However, the mechanism of GAL8 DNA methylation and gene expression in AS has not been elucidated, prompting us to carry out further research on it.

Developmental validation of a novel all-in one assay of X chromosomal multi-insertion/deletion loci for forensic genetics.

Multi-insertion/deletion polymorphisms (Multi-InDels), as the novel genetic markers, show great potential in forensic research. Whereas, forensic researchers mainly focus on the multi-InDels on the autosomes, which can provide relatively limited information in some complex paternity cases. In this study, a novel X chromosomal multi-InDel multiplex amplification system was designed, containing 22 multi-InDels and one STR locus on the X chromosome.

A literature review of artificial intelligence (AI) for medical image segmentation: from AI and explainable AI to trustworthy AI.

Background And Objective: Medical image segmentation is a vital aspect of medical image processing, allowing healthcare professionals to conduct precise and comprehensive lesion analyses. Traditional segmentation methods are often labor intensive and influenced by the subjectivity of individual physicians. The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed this field by reducing the workload of physicians, and improving the accuracy and efficiency of disease diagnosis.

Exploring the forensic effectiveness and population genetic differentiation in Guizhou Miao and Bouyei group by the self-constructed panel of X chromosomal multi-insertion/deletions.

In this research, a self-developed panel comprising 22 X chromosomal multi-InDels and one X-STR was used to explore the genetic polymorphisms and forensic characteristics of these loci in Guizhou Miao and Guizhou Bouyei populations. Besides, genetic affiliations among Guizhou Miao, Guizhou Bouyei and Guizhou Han populations were investigated using principal component analysis, STRUCTURE and machine learning methods. The findings indicated that these loci in the male and female samples had comprehensive discrimination powers greater than 0.

Efficient removal of nanoplastics by iron-modified biochar: Understanding the removal mechanisms.

Tiny plastic particles, particularly nanoplastics, are becoming major threats to aquatic and biotic life owing to their unique physico-chemical characteristics. Thus, in the present work, biochar (BC) was fabricated using "Ulva prolifera green tide" as a biowaste raw material by slow pyrolysis technique to examine its potential in removing nanoplastics from the environment. The findings depicted that nanoplastics removal efficiency by BC was V-shaped with initial pH increased from 2 to 11, and the main removal mechanism changed from adsorption to heterogeneous aggregation between nanoplastics, biochar colloids, and leached substances from BC.

Predictive value of triglyceride glucose index in acute kidney injury in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.

Background At present, the relationship between the Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) and Acute kidney injury (AKI) in traumatic brain injury patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is still unclear. Currently, the relationship between TyG index and AKI occurred within 7 days in the ICU is a highly researched and trending topic. Objective In this study, we conducted in-depth exploration of the relationship between the development of AKI in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients in the ICU and changes in TyG index, as well as its relevance.

Developmental and validation of a novel small and high-efficient panel of microhaplotypes for forensic genetics by the next generation sequencing.

Background: In the domain of forensic science, the application of kinship identification and mixture deconvolution techniques are of critical importance, providing robust scientific evidence for the resolution of complex cases. Microhaplotypes, as the emerging class of genetic markers, have been widely studied in forensics due to their high polymorphisms and excellent stability.

Results And Discussion: In this research, a novel and high-efficient panel integrating 33 microhaplotype loci along with a sex-determining locus was developed by the next generation sequencing technology.

Management of post-radiation carotid blowout syndrome in patients with head and neck cancer: A systematic review.

Background And Purpose: Carotid blowout syndrome (CBS) is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication that can occur in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), especially with a history of radiotherapy. This study aimed to review and initially compare managements for post-radiation CBS in patients with HNC.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review of published studies was performed.

Transport and fate of Fukushima-derived Cs and Cs in the seawater of the Northwest Pacific in 2015.

To understand the influence of the Fukushima accident on the Northwest Pacific, the distributions and transportations of Cs and Cs in the seawater in the Northwest Pacific in May and September 2015 were studied. The data showed that the Fukushima-derived Cs and Cs at some stations can still be distinguished from background level ~ 4 years later. On the whole, the activities of Cs and Cs in seawater were decreasing from May to Sep 2015.

S-adenosyl-L-methionine supplementation alleviates aortic dissection by decreasing inflammatory infiltration.

Methionine, an indispensable amino acid crucial for dietary balance, intricately governs metabolic pathways. Disruption in its equilibrium has the potential to heighten homocysteine levels in both plasma and tissues, posing a conceivable risk of inducing inflammation and detriment to the integrity of vascular endothelial cells. The intricate interplay between methionine metabolism, with a specific focus on S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM), and the onset of thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) remains enigmatic despite acknowledging the pivotal role of inflammation in this vascular condition.

3-Year Outcomes From the Evolut Low Risk TAVR Bicuspid Study.

Background: Outcomes from transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in low-surgical risk patients with bicuspid aortic stenosis beyond 2 years are limited.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate 3-year clinical and echocardiographic outcomes from the Evolut Low Risk Bicuspid Study.

Methods: The Evolut Low Risk Bicuspid Study is a prospective, multicenter, single-arm study conducted in 25 U.

Warning Function of Frank's Sign in Pre-Existing Cardiac Disease Patients: A Case Report.

Frank's sign (FS) refers to a diagonal skin fold between the tragus and the outer edge of the earlobe. FS has been identified as an independent variable in coronary artery disease (CAD). Young patients with FS and previous myocardial infarction are still rarely reported in clinical studies.

Prediction of frequency response of sub-frame bushing and study of high-order fractional derivative viscoelastic model.

This paper presents experimental and dynamic modeling research on the rubber bushings of the rear sub-frame. The Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm was utilized to optimize a Backpropagation (BP) neural network, which was separately trained and tested across two frequency ranges: 1-40 Hz and 41-50 Hz, using wideband frequency sweep dynamic stiffness test data. The testing errors at amplitudes of 0.

Comparison of the full-length sequence and sub-regions of 16S rRNA gene for skin microbiome profiling.

The skin microbiome plays a pivotal role in human health by providing protective and functional benefits. Furthermore, its inherent stability and individual specificity present novel forensic applications. These aspects have sparked considerable research enthusiasm among scholars across various fields.

Estimating postmortem interval based on oral microbial community succession in rat cadavers.

The accurate estimation of the postmortem interval has been one of the crucial issues to be solved in forensic research, and it is influenced by various factors in the process of decay. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, forensic microbiology has become the major hot topic in forensic science, which provides new research options for postmortem interval estimation. The oral microbial community is one of the most diverse of microbiomes, ranking as the second most abundant microbiota following the gastrointestinal tract.

Dipolar Microenvironment Engineering Enabled by Electron Beam Irradiation for Boosting Catalytic Performance.

Creating a diverse dipolar microenvironment around the active site is of great significance for the targeted induction of intermediate behaviors to achieve complicated chemical transformations. Herein, an efficient and general strategy is reported to construct hypercross-linked polymers (HCPs) equipped with tunable dipolar microenvironments by knitting arene monomers together with dipolar functional groups into porous network skeletons. Benefiting from the electron beam irradiation modification technique, the catalytic sites are anchored in an efficient way in the vicinity of the microenvironment, which effectively facilitates the processing of the reactants delivered to the catalytic sites.

The Gut Microbiota Contributes to the Development of LPS-Induced Orchitis by Disrupting the Blood-Testosterone Barrier in Mice.

Orchitis is a frequent inflammatory reproductive disease that causes male infertility and a decline in sperm quality. Gut microbiota can regulate systemic and local inflammation, spermatogenesis and blood-testosterone barrier (BTB). In this study, we investigated correlation between gut microbiota and orchitis by establishing a mouse gut microbiota imbalance model induced by antibiotics (ABX) treatment and orchitis model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infection.

The protective role of phlorizin against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute orchitis in mice associated with changes in gut microbiota composition.

Objective: Orchitis is a common reproductive disease of male animals, which has serious implications to human and animal reproduction. Additionally, phlorizin (PHN), a common polyphenol in apples and strawberries, has a variety of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-aging activities. We aimed to determine the protective effects and potential mechanisms of PHN in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute orchitis in mice.

Near-Infrared Circularly Polarized Luminescent Physical Unclonable Functions.

Distinguished from traditional physical unclonable functions (PUFs), optical PUFs derive their encoded information from the optical properties of materials, offering distinct advantages, including solution processability, material versatility, and tunable luminescence performance. However, existing research on optical PUFs has predominantly centered on visible photoluminescence, while advanced optical PUFs based on higher-level covert light remain unexplored. In this study, we present optical PUFs based on the utilization of the covert light of near-infrared circularly polarized luminescence (NIR-CPL).

Forensic features and phylogenetic structure survey of four populations from southwest China the autosomal insertion/deletion markers.

Unlabelled: Insertion/Deletion (InDel) polymorphisms, characterized by their smaller amplicons, reduced mutation rates, and compatibility with the prevalent capillary electrophoresis (CE) platforms in forensic laboratories, significantly contribute to the advancement and application of genetic analysis. Guizhou province in China serves as an important region for investigating the genetic structure, ethnic group origins, and human evolution. However, DNA data and the sampling of present-day populations are lacking, especially about the InDel markers.

Optical coherence tomography angiography for detection of microvascular changes in early diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in detecting early intraocular microvascular changes in diabetic patients.

Materials And Methods: A systematic study search was performed on PubMed, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, ranging from January 2012 to March 2023. Controlled studies compared diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with non-diabetic retinopathy (NDR) or patients with mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (mild NPDR) to healthy people.