[Effect of Zirconium-modified Zeolite Addition on Phosphorus Release and Immobilization in Heavily Polluted River Sediment].

The effect of zirconium-modified zeolite (ZrMZ) addition on the release and immobilization of phosphorus in heavily polluted river sediment was investigated using microcosm incubation experiments. Results showed that addition of ZrMZ to sediment greatly reduced concentrations of P in pore water and overlying water, also reducing the release flux of P across the interface between overlying water and sediment. The addition of ZrMZ to sediment resulted in the transformation of NHCl extractable P (NHCl-P), NaSO/NaHCO extractable P (BD-P), and HCl extractable P (HCl-P) into NaOH extractable P (NaOH-rP) and residual P (Res-P) in sediment, thereby leading to the reduction of mobile P (sum of NHCl-P and BD-P) in sediment.

Surface touch and its network growth in a graduate student office.

Fomites transmit infection. A key question is how surface contamination in a building is spread by human touch. Using video cameras, we collected more than 120 000 touch actions from 60 hours of high-resolution data on surface touch across five typical weekdays in a graduate student office.

Excessive Screen Time and Psychosocial Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Body Mass Index, Sleep Duration, and Parent-Child Interaction.

Objectives: To examine the relationship between excessive screen time and psychosocial well-being in preschool children, and the potential mediating role of body mass index, sleep duration, and parent-child interaction.

Study Design: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Shanghai, China using stratified random sampling design. A representative sample of 20 324 children aged 3-4 years old from 191 kindergartens participated in this study.

Magnetic effervescent tablets containing ionic liquids as a non-conventional extraction and dispersive agent for determination of pyrethroids in milk.

Conventional magnetic effervescent tablet has many drawbacks, such as not practicable for field processing, rapid moisture absorption, and poor tablet storage characteristics. Herein, we developed a novel magnetic effervescent tablet containing ionic liquid microextraction (MET-ILM) for determination of pyrethroids in dairy milk. It contains only NaCO as an alkali source (no acidic source) in the FeO magnetic tablet; the CO-forming reaction is initiated in the acidic solution containing the analytes, and thus the prepared tablet can be stored for long time periods without deterioration.

Preferential accumulation of small (<300 μm) microplastics in the sediments of a coastal plain river network in eastern China.

Microplastics are a global concern for their threat to marine ecosystems. Recent studies report a lack of smaller microplastics (<300 μm) in oceans attributed to a "loss in ocean". Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the absence of smaller microplastics, but their fate and transport remain an enigma.

Large-for-Gestational-Age May Be Associated With Lower Fetal Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function Linked to Leptin.

Context: Fetal overgrowth is associated with increased risk for type 2 diabetes in adulthood. It is unclear whether there are alterations in insulin sensitivity and β-cell function in early life.

Objective: To determine whether large-for-gestational-age (LGA) (birth weight > 90th percentile), an indicator of fetal overgrowth, is associated with altered fetal insulin sensitivity and β-cell function.

In-situ growth of lepidocrocite on BiO rod: A perfect cycle coupling photocatalysis and heterogeneous fenton-like process by potential-level matching with advanced oxidation.

γ-FeOOH was grown in situ on the surface of rod BiO to construct a perfect cycle coupling photocatalysis and heterogeneous Fenton-like process. The degradation efficiency of this system was detected under the irradiation of visible light. γ-FeOOH/BiO showed better degradation efficiency than pure BiO and γ-FeOOH, and the amount of TOC was decreased to 4.

Predictors and outcomes of laparoscopic nephrectomy in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Purpose: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common hereditary kidney disease, and 20% of patients eventually require nephrectomies due to compressive symptoms or renal-related complications. Traditionally, nephrectomies were performed via the open approach in view of space constraints. We evaluate our institution's outcomes for laparoscopic nephrectomy (LN) for ADPKD.

[Heavy Metals in Sediments from the Haizhou Bay Marine Ranching Based on Geochemical Characteristics].

Marine ranching is a new sustainable production method, which plays an important role in the transformation of China's marine economy. In this paper, Haizhou Bay marine ranching was divided into 3 areas according to the intensity and delivery time of the submarine structures. Five geochemical indicators of temperature (), pH, oxidation-reduction potential (Eh), grain size ([3,2]) and total organic carbon (TOC) were determined on-site.

[Comparison of Phosphate Adsorption onto Zirconium-Modified Bentonites with Different Zirconium Loading Levels].

In this study, zirconium-modified bentonites (ZrMBs) with different zirconium loading levels were prepared, and the adsorption behaviors of phosphate on these ZrMBs were comparatively investigated using batch experiments. The results showed that the kinetic process of phosphate on ZrMBs well followed the pseudo-second-second kinetic model. The kinetic process was divided into three stages, including a rapid external surface adsorption stage, a gradual adsorption stage where both the intra-particle diffusion and film diffusion were rate-controlled, and a final equilibrium adsorption stage.

Quantitative association analysis between PM concentration and factors on industry, energy, agriculture, and transportation.

Rapid urbanization is causing serious PM (particulate matter ≤2.5 μm) pollution in China. However, the impacts of human activities (including industrial production, energy production, agriculture, and transportation) on PM concentrations have not been thoroughly studied.

Differences between epithelial and mesenchymal human tongue cancer cell lines in experimental metastasis.

Distant metastasis represents the outcome with the worst prognosis for various types of malignant tumors, but little is known regarding the impact of interacting epithelial and mesenchymal phenotypic cancer cells within its etiopathogenesis. In a novel animal model, 48 male athymic Balb/c nude mice underwent subcutaneous and intravenous injection of human tongue cancer cell lines of green fluorescent mesenchymal and red fluorescent epithelial phenotypes, in order to visualize and monitor eventual phenotypic interaction in lung metastasis as well as experimental metastasis in and histopathological analyses. While the epithelial, but not the mesenchymal, phenotypic human tongue cancer cell line led to direct metastasis in the lungs when injected intravenously, neither of them, even when injected in combination, were able to establish distant metastasis.

Distribution and source analysis of heavy metal pollutants in sediments of a rapid developing urban river system.

Heavy metal pollution of aquatic environments in rapidly developing industrial regions is of considerable global concern due to its potential to cause serious harm to aquatic ecosystems and human health. This study assessed heavy metal contamination of sediments in a highly industrialized urban watershed of eastern China containing several historically unregulated manufacturing enterprises. Total concentrations and solid-phase fractionation of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr and Cd were investigated for 39 river sediments using multivariate statistical analysis and geographically weighted regression (GWR) methods to quantitatively examine the relationship between land use and heavy metal pollution at the watershed scale.

[Assessment of the horizontal semicircular canal function after cochlear implantation by video head impulse test and caloric test].

To analyze the functional change of horizontal semicircular canals after cochlear implantation.Eighteen patients were enrolled in this study.Their vestibular function was evaluated by using the caloric test and video head impulse test before and one week,one month after CI surgery,respectively.

[Analysis of the efficacy and compliance of conventional immunotherapy and rush immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis].

To analyze the efficacy and compliance of conventional immunotherapy(CIT)and rush immunotherapy(RIT)in patients with allergic rhinitis.This trial was a prospective study involved 404 patients with persistent AR who were allergic to house dust mite.328 patients were assigned to the conventional immunotherapy reaching the maintenance dose within 14 weeks,and 76 patients were assigned to the rush immunotherapy reaching the maintenance dose within 1 week.

[Fitness of sexual reproduction of Toona ciliata var. pubescens natural populations and their sexual reproduction and regeneration].

To examine the reproduction fitness coefficients and individual-level fitness of Toona ciliata var. pubescens, their sexual reproduction and natural regeneration were investigated during 2006-2016, with four natural populations in Jiulianshan National Reserve as test objects. The results showed that there were only 2-10 trees for the natural populations of T.

Association between bisphenol a exposure and idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) among school-aged girls in Shanghai, China.

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a well-known and widely used endocrine disrupter, but data on its association with childhood reproductive development are limited.

Objectives: We investigated the possible relationship between exposure to BPA and idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) in school-aged girls.

Methods: We conducted a 1:1 matched case-control study in Shanghai, China, between July 2011 and September 2012.

Host genetics in malaria: lessons from mouse studies.

Malaria remains a deadly parasitic disease caused by Plasmodium, claiming almost half a million lives every year. While parasite genetics and biology are often the major targets in many studies, it is becoming more evident that host genetics plays a crucial role in the outcome of the infection. Similarly, Plasmodium infections in mice also rely heavily on the genetic background of the mice, and often correlate with observations in human studies, due to their high genetic homology with humans.

Circulating bone morphogenetic protein-9 levels are associated with hypertension and insulin resistance in humans.

It has been demonstrated that bone morphogenetic protein-9 (BMP-9) may have an important role in vascular development and stability. However, the association of circulating BMP-9 with essential hypertension (HTN) has not been established in humans. The objective of this study is to observe the changes of circulating BMP-9 levels in patients with HTN and to investigate the association of circulation BMP-9 and insulin resistance (IR) in a cross-sectional study.

Risk analysis of heavy metal concentration in surface waters across the rural-urban interface of the Wen-Rui Tang River, China.

Heavy metal pollution is a major concern in China because of its serious effects on human health. To assess potential human health and ecological risks of heavy metal pollution, concentration data for seven heavy metals (As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg, Cu, Zn) from 14 sites spanning the rural-urban interface of the Wen-Rui Tang River watershed in southeast China were collected from 2000 to 2010. The heavy metal pollution index (HPI), hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR) metrics were used to assess potential heavy metal risks.

Primary androgen deprivation therapy as monotherapy in unfavourable intermediate- and high-risk localised prostate cancer: a Singaporean single-centre perspective.

Purpose: Primary ADT (pADT) monotherapy is used significantly for patients with clinically localised disease in Asia and is acceptable even by guidelines, especially in intermediate- and high-risk disease. This occurs despite controversy in the West and data suggesting association with adverse effects, notably cardiovascular events. We therefore sought to assess the impact of pADT on all-cause mortality and prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) in Asian men with high-risk and unfavourable intermediate-risk PCa.

Prevalence of DSM-5 Autism Spectrum Disorder Among School-Based Children Aged 3-12 Years in Shanghai, China.

We estimated the prevalence of ASD in a population-based sample comprising children aged 3-12 years (N = 74,252) in Shanghai. This included a high-risk group sampled from special education schools and a low-risk group randomly sampled from general schools. First, we asked parents and then teachers to complete the Social Communication Questionnaire for participating children.

Role of computed tomography-calculated intraparenchymal tumor volume in assessment of patients undergoing partial nephrectomy.

Objectives: To determine the complexity of renal masses by using an objective novel imaging parameter (intraparenchymal tumor volume) based on computed tomography scans, to correlate this parameter to perioperative outcomes and to the RENAL nephrometry score.

Methods: After institutional review board approval, 87 patients who underwent partial nephrectomy between 2012 and 2016 at Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, were retrospectively analyzed. Preoperative computed tomography intravenous pyelogram scans were reviewed by a single senior radiologist who calculated the intraparenchymal tumor volume.

Patients with small prostates and low-grade intravesical prostatic protrusion - A urodynamic evaluation.

Objective: Despite high-grade intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) being closely related to bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), up to 21% of patients with low IPP remain obstructed. This study evaluates the characteristics and urodynamic findings of men with small prostates and low IPP.

Methods: One hundred and fourteen men aged >50 years old with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) were assessed with symptoms, uroflowmetry, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), transabdominal ultrasound measurement of prostate volume (PV), IPP and post-void residual urine (PVRU).