Ultrafast Laser 3D Nanolithography of Fiber-Integrated Silica Microdevices.

Fiber-integrated micro/nanostructures play a crucial role in modern industry, mainly owing to their compact size, high sensitivity, and resistance to electromagnetic interference. However, the three-dimensional manufacturing of fiber-tip functional structures beyond organic polymers remains challenging. It is essential to construct fiber-integrated inorganic silica with designed functional nanostructures for microsystem applications.

Role of oxidative stress in the concurrent development of osteoporosis and tendinopathy: Emerging challenges and prospects for treatment modalities.

Both osteoporosis and tendinopathy are widely prevalent disorders, encountered in diverse medical contexts. Whilst each condition has distinct pathophysiological characteristics, they share several risk factors and underlying causes. Notably, oxidative stress emerges as a crucial intersecting factor, playing a pivotal role in the onset and progression of both diseases.

Translational studies of exosomes in sports medicine - a mini-review.

This review in sports medicine focuses on the critical role of exosomes in managing chronic conditions and enhancing athletic performance. Exosomes, small vesicles produced by various cells, are essential for cellular communication and transporting molecules like proteins and nucleic acids. Originating from the endoplasmic reticulum, they play a vital role in modulating inflammation and tissue repair.

Improving DNA vaccination performance through a new microbubble design and an optimized sonoporation protocol.

As a non-viral transfection method, ultrasound and microbubble-induced sonoporation can achieve spatially targeted gene delivery with synergistic immunostimulatory effects. Here, we report for the first time the application of sonoporation for improving DNA vaccination performance. This study developed a new microbubble design with nanoscale DNA/PEI complexes loaded onto cationic microbubbles to attain significant increases in DNA-loading capacity (0.

Progress in studying the impact of hyperlipidemia and statins on rotator cuff injury and repair.

This review delves into the intersection of two prevalent conditions, hyperlipidemia and rotator cuff injuries, both of which bear substantial healthcare burdens. Our investigation begins with an exploration of rotator cuff injuries, common musculoskeletal disorders that severely impair shoulder functionality and quality of life. These injuries are notably pervasive among sports enthusiasts and the older adult, with an incidence rate estimated at 5-10% in the general population.

Erxian Decoction-induced serum exosomes slowed bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell senescence through mitophagy.

Objective: Erxian Decoction (EXD) is traditionally employed in the treatment of menopausal syndromes, although its underlying mechanisms remain largely undefined. Given that the senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) is intertwined with organismal aging and associated diseases, this study endeavored to elucidate the influence of EXD on aging BMSCs and uncover the mechanisms through which EXD impedes BMSC senescence.

Methods: Initially, we probed the anti-senescent mechanisms of EXD on BMSCs via network pharmacology.

Fiber-integrated cantilever-based nanomechanical biosensors as a tool for rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing.

There is an urgent need for developing rapid and affordable antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) technologies to inhibit the overuse of antibiotics. In this study, a novel microcantilever nanomechanical biosensor based on Fabry-Pérot interference demodulation was developed for AST. To construct the biosensor, a cantilever was integrated with the single mode fiber in order to form the Fabry-Pérot interferometer (FPI).

Design and synthesis of dual cathepsin L and S inhibitors and antimetastatic activity evaluation in pancreatic cancer cells.

Currently, the migration and invasion of cancer cells remain the main factors of poor prognosis in the majority of cancer patients. Developing an effective antimetastatic agent is crucial for cancer therapy. Our recent research revealed that Cat L and S are expressed concurrently in metastatic pancreatic cancer cells.

Biodegradable Carbon Dioxide-Derived Non-Viral Gene Vectors for Osteosarcoma Gene Therapy.

Osteosarcoma often occurs in children and adolescents with high invasiveness and high mortality. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) overexpressed in most tumors promotes cancer cell proliferation and transformation. PLK1 is considered as a therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.

Mesoporous silica-coated silver nanoparticles as ciprofloxacin/siRNA carriers for accelerated infected wound healing.

The colonization of bacterial pathogens is a major concern in wound infection and becoming a public health issue. Herein, a core-shell structured Ag@MSN (silver core embedded with mesoporous silica, AM)-based nanoplatform was elaborately fabricated to co-load ciprofloxacin (CFL) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) small interfering RNA (siTNF-α) (AMPC@siTNF-α) for treating the bacterial-infected wound. The growth of bacterial pathogens was mostly inhibited by released silver ions (Ag) and CFL from AMPC@siTNF-α.

Recent advances in exosome-mediated nucleic acid delivery for cancer therapy.

Cancer is a leading public health problem worldwide. Its treatment remains a daunting challenge, although significant progress has been made in existing treatments in recent years. A large concern is the poor therapeutic effect due to lack of specificity and low bioavailability.

GLRaV-2 protein p24 suppresses host defenses by interaction with a RAV transcription factor from grapevine.

Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 (GLRaV-2) is a prevalent virus associated with grapevine leafroll disease, but the molecular mechanism underlying GLRaV-2 infection is largely unclear. Here, we report that 24-kDa protein (p24), an RNA-silencing suppressor (RSS) encoded by GLRaV-2, promotes GLRaV-2 accumulation via interaction with the B3 DNA-binding domain of grapevine (Vitis vinifera) RELATED TO ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3/VIVIPAROUS1 (VvRAV1), a transcription factor belonging to the APETALA2/ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (AP2/ERF) superfamily. Salicylic acid-inducible VvRAV1 positively regulates the grapevine pathogenesis-related protein 1 (VvPR1) gene by directly binding its promoter, indicating that VvRAV1 may function in the regulation of host basal defense responses.

Synthetic Conjugated Oligoelectrolytes Are Effective siRNA Transfection Carriers: Relevance to Pancreatic Cancer Gene Therapy.

Conjugated oligoelectrolyte COE-S6 contains an elongated conjugated core with three cationic charges at each termini of the internal core. As an analogue of bolaamphiphiles, these structural attributes lead to the formation of spherical nanoplexes with = 205 ± 5.0 nm upon mixing with small interfering RNA (siRNA).

Carbon Dioxide-Derived Biodegradable and Cationic Polycarbonates as a New siRNA Carrier for Gene Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy associated with poor prognosis and a high tendency in developing infiltration and metastasis. K-ras mutation is a major genetic disorder in pancreatic cancer patient. RNAi-based therapies can be employed for combating pancreatic cancer by silencing K-ras gene expression.

Non-localized Increase in Lipid Content and Striation Pattern Formation Characterize the Sonoporated Plasma Membrane.

Eukaryotic cells can survive sonoporation and repair their plasma membrane wounds. However, it is not clear how the repaired plasma membranes will differ from the intact ones. To answer this question, we used high-resolution confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to study plasma membrane lipid alterations induced by sonoporation.

Preparation and characterization of zwitterionic phospholipid polymer-coated poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles.

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanoparticles (NPs) are the most promising polymer NPs for drug delivery and targeting. However, they are easily recognized as a foreign body and rapidly cleared from the body by the mononuclear phagocyte system. Cell membrane mimetic random copolymers, bearing both zwitterionic phosphorylcholine groups and hydrophobic butyl side chains (PMB) and additional cross-linkable trimethoxysilylpropyl side chains (PMBT), were synthesized and coated on PLA NPs.

Heat activatable 3'-modified dNTPs: synthesis and application for hot start PCR.

Several 3'-ether and 3'-ester derivatives of 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates (dNTPs) were prepared. These dNTP derivatives were not substrates for DNA polymerase and did not support primer extension at room temperature. However, by short pre-heating to 95 degrees C in PCR buffer, these 3'-modified dNTPs can be converted to corresponding unmodified natural dNTPs that efficiently support PCR amplification.