Analysis of the status quo and clinical influencing factors of the social cognitive impairment in deficit schizophrenia.

Background: Due to the high heterogeneity of schizophrenia, the factors influencing social cognitive impairment are controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the social cognitive dysfunction of deficit schizophrenia (DS), and to explore its clinical impact on the clinical characteristics and neurocognitive function assessment results.

Methods: This study involved 100 DS patients, 100 non-deficit schizophrenia (NDS) patients, and 100 healthy controls (HC).

Prediction of cell-type-specific cohesin-mediated chromatin loops based on chromatin state.

Chromatin loop is of crucial importance for the regulation of gene transcription. Cohesin is a type of chromatin-associated protein that mediates the interaction of chromatin through the loop extrusion. Cohesin-mediated chromatin interactions have strong cell-type specificity, posing a challenge for predicting chromatin loops.

MIBPred: Ensemble Learning-Based Metal Ion-Binding Protein Classifier.

In biological organisms, metal ion-binding proteins participate in numerous metabolic activities and are closely associated with various diseases. To accurately predict whether a protein binds to metal ions and the type of metal ion-binding protein, this study proposed a classifier named MIBPred. The classifier incorporated advanced Word2Vec technology from the field of natural language processing to extract semantic features of the protein sequence language and combined them with position-specific score matrix (PSSM) features.

Correlation between inflammatory markers over time and disease severity in status epilepticus: a preliminary study.

Objectives: Convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) is a major subtype of status epilepticus that is known to be closely associated with systemic inflammation. Some important inflammatory biomarkers of this disorder include the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and pan-immune inflammation value (PIV). This study aimed to determine the NLR, PLR, MLR, SII, and PIV levels before and after treatment in adult patients with CSE and investigated the relationship of these parameters with disease severity.

Attention is all you need: utilizing attention in AI-enabled drug discovery.

Recently, attention mechanism and derived models have gained significant traction in drug development due to their outstanding performance and interpretability in handling complex data structures. This review offers an in-depth exploration of the principles underlying attention-based models and their advantages in drug discovery. We further elaborate on their applications in various aspects of drug development, from molecular screening and target binding to property prediction and molecule generation.

Accurately identifying hemagglutinin using sequence information and machine learning methods.

Introduction: Hemagglutinin (HA) is responsible for facilitating viral entry and infection by promoting the fusion between the host membrane and the virus. Given its significance in the process of influenza virus infestation, HA has garnered attention as a target for influenza drug and vaccine development. Thus, accurately identifying HA is crucial for the development of targeted vaccine drugs.

Altered brain functional networks in schizophrenia with persistent negative symptoms: an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis.

Objective: To investigate brain structural and functional characteristics of three brain functional networks including default mode network (DMN), central executive network (CEN), and salience network (SN) in persistent negative symptoms (PNS) patients.

Methods: We performed an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis of functional connectivity (FC) studies and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies to detect specific structural and functional alterations of brain networks between PNS patients and healthy controls.

Results: Seventeen VBM studies and twenty FC studies were included.

Diagnostic value of niacin skin blunting response in adolescent patients with depression.

Objective: To investigate the differences in the niacin skin flushing response of adolescent depressed patients and healthy adolescents and its diagnostic value in adolescent depression.

Methods: Thirty-eight cases of acute episodes of depression in unmedicated adolescents and 47 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included as study subjects, and sociodemographic and clinical data were collected, all of which were stimulated with six concentration gradients (up to 60 mmol/L, followed by sequential 3-fold gradient dilution to a minimum of 0.25 mmol/L) of niacin solution on the forearm skin, and the skin flushing area was applied as an assessment index.

A First Computational Frame for Recognizing Heparin-Binding Protein.

Heparin-binding protein (HBP) is a cationic antibacterial protein derived from multinuclear neutrophils and an important biomarker of infectious diseases. The correct identification of HBP is of great significance to the study of infectious diseases. This work provides the first HBP recognition framework based on machine learning to accurately identify HBP.

Recognition of outer membrane proteins using multiple feature fusion.

Outer membrane proteins are crucial in maintaining the structural stability and permeability of the outer membrane. Outer membrane proteins exhibit several functions such as antigenicity and strong immunogenicity, which have potential applications in clinical diagnosis and disease prevention. However, wet experiments for studying OMPs are time and capital-intensive, thereby necessitating the use of computational methods for their identification.

A neuromarker for deficit syndrome in schizophrenia from a combination of structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Aim: Deficit schizophrenia (DS), defined by primary and enduring negative symptoms, has been proposed as a promising homogeneous subtype of schizophrenia. It has been demonstrated that unimodal neuroimaging characteristics of DS were different from non-deficit schizophrenia (NDS), however, whether multimodal-based neuroimaging features could identify deficit syndrome remains to be determined.

Methods: Functional and structural multimodal magnetic resonance imaging of DS, NDS and healthy controls were scanned.

The motivation and pleasure deficits but not expressivity affects social functioning through cognitive function in male patients with schizophrenia: A structural equation model.

Objective: This study aims to compare cognitive function and social functioning in male schizophrenia patients with deficit syndrome (DS) and non-DS, and to explore the associations among two different dimensions of negative symptoms (motivation and pleasure (MAP) and expressivity (EXP) deficits), cognitive function and social functioning base on a Structural Equation Model (SEM).

Methods: The current study enrolled 161 male schizophrenia patients and 120 age- and education- matched healthy controls. The DS and non-DS group were categorized by the Chinese version of Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome (SDS).

The relevant research of adverse childhood experiences and "risky drinking" in children of alcoholics in China.

Objective: To determine whether adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) of children of alcoholics (COA) in male were associated with their current "risky drinking".

Methods: This case-control study used the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT, cutoff is 7) to divide the participants into two groups, a "risky drinking" group (N = 53) and a "non-risky drinking" group (N = 97). Demographic data, Adverse Childhood Experiences-International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ), the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) were used for assessment.

Early predictors of new-onset immune-related seizures: a preliminary study.

Background: Approximately 60% of patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) exhibit secondary acute symptomatic seizures and showed highly sensitive to immunotherapy. However, it is difficult for many patients to receive early immunotherapy since the early identification of the cause in AE is more complex. This study aimed to investigate the early predictors of initial immune-related seizures and to guide the evaluation of treatment and prognosis.

Meta-analysis of structural and functional brain abnormalities in schizophrenia with persistent negative symptoms using activation likelihood estimation.

Background: Persistent negative symptoms (PNS) include both primary and secondary negative symptoms that persist after adequate treatment, and represent an unmet therapeutic need. Published magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evidence of structural and resting-state functional brain abnormalities in schizophrenia with PNS has been inconsistent. Thus, the purpose of this meta-analysis is to identify abnormalities in structural and functional brain regions in patients with PNS compared to healthy controls.

Outcomes and safety of concomitant topiramate or metformin for antipsychotics-induced obesity: a randomized-controlled trial.

Background: Although there are some existing data describing the usage of topiramate in patients with antipsychotic-induced obesity, study on its comparison with metformin is limited. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness and safety of concomitant topiramate on antipsychotic-induced obesity as well as its comparison with metformin.

Methods: 62 stabilized outpatients with antipsychotic-induced obesity were randomized into the topiramate group and the metformin group with 16-week treatment.

The efficacy, acceptability, and safety of five atypical antipsychotics in patients with first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia: a randomized comparative trial.

Background: Differences in effectiveness and tolerability between different atypical antipsychotics may affect schizophrenic patients' treatment adherence or prognosis. However, which kind of antipsychotic was more effective and safe in the treatment of schizophrenia is still being debated. This study attempted to understand whether there are any differences in efficacy, acceptability, and safety between the five atypical antipsychotics in patients with first-episode schizophrenia.

The Application of Suctioning Flexible Ureteroscopy With Intelligent Pressure Control in Treating Upper Urinary Tract Calculi on Patients With a Solitary Kidney.

Objective: To investigate the usage of intelligently pressure-controlled flexible ureteroscopy (URS) in managing upper urinary tract calculi in patients with a solitary kidney.

Methods: Forty patients with a solitary kidney and upper urinary tract calculus were included in this study. All the patients underwent suctioning URS with intelligent control of renal pelvic pressure by connecting pressure-measuring suctioning ureteral access sheath to an irrigation and suctioning platform.

[Ecological executive function profiles in depression patients before and after treatment].

Objective: To explore the ecological executive function profile in depression patients before and after antidepressants treatment and analyze the relationship of ecological executive function and depression symptoms and effect.

Methods: A total of 33 inpatients diagnosed as depression disorder according to ICD-10 completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version (BRIEF-A) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) before and after a 6-week antidepressant treatment.

Results: (1) After treatment, they yielded lower scores significantly on most subscales of BRIEF-A (t = 2.