Genomic Insight Into the Population Admixture History of Tungusic-Speaking Manchu People in Northeast China.

Manchu is the third-largest ethnic minority in China and has the largest population size among the Tungusic-speaking groups. However, the genetic origin and admixture history of the Manchu people are far from clear due to the sparse sampling and a limited number of markers genotyped. Here, we provided the first batch of genome-wide data of genotyping approximate 700,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 93 Manchu individuals collected from northeast China.

Obesity and Heath-Carter Somatotyping of 3438 Adults in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China by Multivariate Analysis.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the somatotype and obesity of adults in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China and to explore multivariate path analysis for the feasibility and scientificity of using somatotypes to evaluate obesity.

Subjects And Methods: According to anthropometric methods, a cross-sectional study was performed on 10 indexes of 3438 adults (1690 men and 1748 women, aged > 20 years) living in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China (including Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Xibe, Uzbek, Tatar and Tajik). The Heath-Carter anthropometric method and body mass index (BMI) were used to evaluate somatotype and obesity, respectively.

Estimation of stature by using the dimensions of the right hand and right foot in Han Chinese adults.

The Han Chinese people are the main ethnic group in China and the largest ethnic group in the world. The dimensions of the hands and feet have been successfully used for the estimation of stature. A total of 26,927 healthy adult subjects, comprising 13,221 men and 13,706 women, were recruited.

Chest circumference and sitting height among children and adolescents from Lhasa, tibet compared to other high altitude populations.

Objectives: The adaptation of human beings to a high altitude environment during growth has been reported in several populations but is less known for Tibetans. The objective of this study was to investigate similarities and differences of Tibetans in patterns and characteristics of physical growth and development in comparison to other high altitude populations.

Methods: We measured the stature, weight, chest circumference and sitting height of 2,813 healthy children and adolescents aged 6- to 21-year-old living at 3,658-4,500 m in Tibet, China, and compared them with published data from other high altitude populations.

Study on the adult physique with the Heath-Carter anthropometric somatotype in the Han of Xi'an, China.

The study of somatotypes has important significance for medical and physical anthropology as well as sports science. The aim of this study was to understand the somatotype components of the Han population in Xi'an and compare the somatotypes of the Han and five other nationalities in China. The study sample consisted of 429 people of Han nationality (207 males, 222 females) from Xi'an, China, aged ≥20 years old.

Vascular endothelial growth factor 165-transfected adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote vascularization-assisted fat transplantation.

Objective: To investigate the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165) and adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) in promoting the survival of fat grafts, and to provide new methods and theoretical evidence for increasing the survival rate of autologous fat particle grafts.

Methods: The VEGF165 gene was recombined with the target fragment, and the recombinant gene was introduced into adenovirus pAdEasy-1 system; the virus was then packaged and the titer was detected. The control group received the same processing.

The analysis on risk factors and clinical treatment of craniocerebral injury concurrent with acute kidney injury.

The main objective of this study was to investigate the risk factors and clinical treatment of craniocerebral injury concurrent with acute kidney injury. A total of 220 patients who suffered from craniocerebral injury from March 2010 to March 2012 in our Hospital were prospectively analyzed. Craniocerebral injury was defined according to the medical history, the verification of CT, and some investigated scores.

Simvastatin attenuates angiotensin II‑induced inflammation and oxidative stress in human mesangial cells.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an intractable disease in which inflammation and oxidative stress are important. In the present study, the effect of simvastatin on inflammation and oxidative stress induced by angiotensin II (Ang II) in human mesangial cells (HMCs) and its corresponding mechanism was examined. In the in vitro experiment, HMCs were pretreated either without additives (control group) or with simvastatin at different concentrations (0, 0.

Gender differences and age-related changes in body fat mass in Tibetan children and teenagers: an analysis by the bioelectrical impedance method.

Objective: We aimed to obtain the fat base value and the fat distribution characteristics of Tibetan children and teenagers by estimating their body fat content with the bioelectrical impedance method.

Methods: We recruited 1427 healthy children and teenagers by a stratified cluster sampling method. By using bioelectrical impedance analysis, we obtained various values relevant to fat.

Arctigenin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in rats.

Arctigenin (ATG) has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects of ATG on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) remains not well understood. In the present study, our investigation was designed to reveal the effect of ATG on LPS-induced ALI in rats.

Quantitative analysis and comparison of BMI among Han, Tibetan, and Uygur university students in Northwest China.

Objectives: To fully analyze and compare BMI among Han, Tibetan, and Uygur university students, to discuss the differences in their physical properties and physical health, and thus to provide some theoretical suggestions for the improvement of students' physical health.

Methods: The cross-sectional random cluster sampling was used to investigate 10103 Han, Tibetan, and Uygur university students, aged 20-24 in Northwest China, and their height and weight were measured to calculate BMI. The BMI classification criteria for Chinese established by Work Group on Obesity in China (WGOC) were used for screening.

7,8-dihydroxyflavone, a small-molecule tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) agonist, attenuates cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats.

7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) is a recently identified potent agonist of tropomyosin-related kinase B that can cross the blood-brain barrier after oral or intraperitoneal administration. The aim of the present study was to determine whether 7,8-DHF has neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury and, if so, to investigate the possible underlying mechanisms. Cerebral I/R injury rats were induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion for 90 min followed by reperfusion for 24 h.

A comparison of measurement methods and sexual dimorphism for digit ratio (2D:4D) in Han ethnicity.

The digit ratio (2D:4D) is sexually dimorphic and has been considered an indicator of prenatal sex hormone exposure. Previous studies have shown that males tend to have lower 2D to 4D ratio than females, and this sexual dimorphism has been reported across different ethnic groups and different countries. However, digit ratio data are missing from the Han ethnicity in China.

Telomere, aging and age-related diseases.

Aging is an inevitable biological process that affects most living organisms. The process of aging is regulated at the level of the organism, as well as at the level of tissues and cells. Despite the enormous consequences associated with the aging process, relatively little systematic effort has been expended on the scientific understanding of this important life process.

Aquaporin changes in compound 48/80 induced inflammatory sublaryngeal edema in rat.

Objectives/hypothesis: Laryngeal edema is a common clinical condition. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Aquaporins (AQPs) are small integral plasma membrane proteins that transport water across the plasma membrane.

The traits of five types of tongue movement in Han of Shaanxi, China.

The study sample consisting of 429 people (207 males, 222 females) of Han nationality in Shaanxi, China. Five types of tongue movements were investigated, including tongue rolling, tongue folding, tongue twisting, pointed tongue and clover-leaf tongue. The results revealed that the frequencies of tongue rolling, tongue folding, tongue twisting, pointed tongue and clover-leaf tongue were 63.

Serum leptin concentration and its effect on puberty in Naqu Tibetan adolescents.

This study aimed to clarify the regularity of leptin in Naqu Tibetan adolescents. This study investigated the concentration of fasting serum leptin and clarified its relationship between BMI and other indices. Healthy Naqu Tibetan adolescents aged 12-18 were investigated randomly in the study.

The evaluation of anti-angiogenic treatment effects for implanted rabbit VX2 breast tumors using functional multi-slice spiral computed tomography (f-MSCT).

Objective: Investigate the benefit of functional multi-slice spiral computed tomography (f-MSCT) perfusion imaging in the non-invasive assessment of targeted anti-angiogenesis therapy on an implanted rabbit VX2 breast tumor model.

Method: 69 female pure New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to one of the 4 groups and received treatment accordingly: control (saline), Endostar, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (Cyclophosphamide, Epirubicin and 5-Fluorouracil, CEF), combination therapy (Endostar and CEF). After 2 weeks of treatment, f-MSCT perfusion scannings were performed for all rabbits and information about blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT) and surface permeability (SP) was collected.

Estimation of human age according to telomere shortening in peripheral blood leukocytes of Tibetan.

In most normal somatic cells, the terminal restriction fragments (TRF) length and age are inversely correlated, which can be used to determine individual age. However, very little is known about the quantitative relationship between human telomeres and age. The aim of the present study was to investigate age-, gender-, and ethnicity-related changes in telomere length in human peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs).

[Anatomical study of auditory brainstem implantation through retrosigmoid approach].

Objective: To provide anatomic data for auditory brainstem implantation (ABI) through the retrosigmoid approach.

Methods: Simulated operations were performed on 30 web adult head specimens and the structure around the foramen of luschka was observed. Both microscope and endoscope were employed.

[Genetic polymorphism of 15 STR loci in Tibetan population].

The polymorphism distributions of 15 STR loci (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, VWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818, and FGA) were investigated in a Tibetan population by multiplex PCR amplification using five fluorochromes (6FAM, VIC, NED, PET, LIZ). Gene frequency, discrimination power (DP), heterozygosity (H), polymorphism information content (PIC) and probability of paternity exclusion (EPP) were calculated, and all loci were tested for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Results indicate that the gene frequency of these 15 STR loci is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

[Genetic polymorphism of 15 STR loci in a Lhasa Tibetan population].

The polymorphism distributions of 15 STR loci (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, VWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818 and FGA) were investigated in a Lhasa Tibetan population by multiplex PCR amplification using five fluorochromes (6FAM, VIC, NED, PET, LIZ). Gene frequency, discrimination power (DP), heterozygosity (H), polymorphism information content (PIC) and probability of paternity exclusion (EPP) were calculated, and all loci were tested for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Results indicate that the gene frequency of these 15 STR loci is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Association of adipose tissue distribution with relative skeletal age in boys: The Fels longitudinal study.

The association between relative skeletal age and fat patterning was analyzed by using data from the Fels Longitudinal Study for boys at chronological ages 8 to 17 years. Fat patterning, as indicated by age-specific means for three skinfold thickness indices adjusted for weight/stature , was peripheral between 8 and 12 years of chronological age but began to increase in a centripetal direction towards a generalized distribution after 13 years. From 14 to 17 years of chronological age, boys with advanced relative skeletal ages had more centripetal fat patterns, as indicated by the ratio subscapular/(subscapular + triceps) skinfolds, than did those with retarded skeletal ages.

Sibling correlations for skeletal age assessments by the Fels method.

Sibling correlations are reported for Fels skeletal ages from 2,622 mixed longitudinal hand-wrist radiographs of 285 boys and 276 girls. Because the observed correlations were irregular across age, they were smoothed by using kernel regression. The brother-sister correlations were generally lower than those for the other types of silbling pairs, but they were similar to the brother-brother correlations after 11 years.