Transformation behavior of heavy metal during Co-thermal treatment of hazardous waste incineration fly ash and slag/electroplating sludge.

In this study, the behavior of heavy metal transformation during the co-thermal treatment of hazardous waste incineration fly ash (HWIFA) and Fe-containing hazardous waste (including hazardous waste incineration bottom slag (HWIBS) and electroplating sludge (ES)) was investigated. The findings demonstrated that such a treatment effectively reduced the static leaching toxicity of Cr and Pb. Moreover, when the treatment temperature exceeded 1000 °C, the co-thermal treated sample exhibited low concentrations of dynamically leached Cr, Pb, and Zn, indicating that these heavy metals were successful detoxified.

Co-vitrification of hazardous waste incineration fly ash and hazardous waste sludge based on CaO-SiO-AlO system.

Based on the CaO-SiO-AlO system, the feasibility of co-vitrification of hazardous waste incineration fly ash (FA) and hazardous waste sludge (HWS) was verified. In the CaO-SiO-AlO ternary system diagram, the melting point of the system gradually decreases with an appropriate increase in SiO content when the CaO/AlO ratio is determined to be approximately 1. The TG-DSC results revealed that the liquid phase generation temperature in the FA and HWS mixture system was significantly lower than those of FA and HWS individually owing to the different CaO, SiO, and AlO contents; this is consistent with the results of the theoretical melting characteristics analysis, which show that the melting characteristic temperatures can be reduced by controlling the CaO-SiO-AlO ratio in the system.

Water state changes during the composting of kitchen waste.

Changes in water states during the composting of kitchen waste were determined. Three experiments, R(55), R(60), and R(65), with different initial moisture contents, 55%, 60%, and 65%, respectively, were performed. Three water states, entrapped water (EW), capillary water (CW), and multiple-molecular-layer water (MMLW), were monitored during the experiments.