MXene-based nanosheet for enhanced glioma therapy via photonic hyperthermia to boost the abscopal effect of radioimmunotherapy.

Radiotherapy (RT) effectiveness is limited by low DNA damage in tumor cells, surrounding tissue harm, and tumor radioresistance with active DNA repair. Herein, we have engineered a two-dimensional nanomaterial consisting of MXene nanosheets at its core, coated with gold nanorods and a cisplatin shell, and further modified with polyvinyl alcohol, referred to as APMP. The APMP exploits its distinctive electronic properties and photothermal effects to augment radiosensitivity and impede DNA damage repair mechanisms.

Asiaticoside-nitric oxide synergistically accelerate diabetic wound healing by regulating key metabolites and SRC/STAT3 signaling.

Background: Diabetic wounds pose significant clinical challenges due to impaired healing processes, often resulting in chronic, nonhealing ulcers. Asiaticoside (AC), a natural triterpene derivative from , has demonstrated notable anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties. However, the synergistic effects of nitric oxide (NO)-a recognized promoter of wound healing-combined with AC in treating diabetic wounds remain inadequately explored.

Exploring Origin-Dependent Susceptibility of Smooth Muscle Cells to Aortic Diseases Through Intersectional Genetics.

Background: The developmental diversity among smooth muscle cells (SMCs) plays a crucial role in segment-specific aortic diseases. However, traditional genetic approaches are inadequate for enabling in vivo analysis of disease susceptibility associated with cellular origin. There is an urgent need to build genetic technologies that target different developmental origins to investigate the mechanisms of aortopathies, thereby facilitating the development of effective therapeutics.

Association between different insulin resistance indices and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetic kidney disease: a prospective cohort study.

Aim: Previous research has shown a strong association between insulin resistance (IR) and both the onset and advancement of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). This research focuses on examining the relationship between IR and all-cause mortality in individuals with DKD.

Methods: This study utilized data obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), spanning the years 2001 to 2018.

Reorganization of gray matter networks in patients with Moyamoya disease.

Patients with Moyamoya disease (MMD) exhibit significant alterations in brain structure and function, but knowledge regarding gray matter networks is limited. The study enrolled 136 MMD patients and 99 healthy controls (HCs). Clinical characteristics and gray matter network topology were analyzed.

Molecular phylogeny and comparative chloroplast genome analysis of the type species Crucigenia quadrata.

Background: The confused taxonomic classification of Crucigenia is mainly inferred through morphological evidence and few nuclear genes and chloroplast genomic fragments. The phylogenetic status of C. quadrata, as the type species of Crucigenia, remains considerably controversial.

ACNO hydrogel enhances diabetic wound healing by modulating the Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-3/PARP pathway.

Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, one of the authentic medicinal materials from Guizhou Province in China, has been traditionally applied for the treatment of contusions and fractures, as well as for promoting wound healing. Preliminary research suggests that asiaticoside-nitric oxide hydrogel (ACNO) exhibits the potential to enhance the healing of diabetic wounds (DWs); however, the underlying molecular mechanisms require further elucidation.

Effects of three different host plants on two sex life table parameters of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda.

The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major phytophagous pest that invaded China in late 2018, posing a serious threat to local agricultural production. Therefore, we investigated the effects of maize, soybean, and sweet potato on the growth, development, and reproduction of S. frugiperda under laboratory conditions.

Molecular mechanisms of ubiquitination in wound healing.

Wound healing is a complex biological process involving multiple cellular and molecular mechanisms. Ubiquitination, a crucial post-translational modification, plays a vital role in regulating various aspects of wound healing through protein modification and degradation. This review comprehensively examines the molecular mechanisms of ubiquitination in wound healing, focusing on its regulation of inflammatory responses, macrophage polarization, angiogenesis, and the activities of fibroblasts and keratinocytes.

Metal ion formulations for diabetic wound healing: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

Metals are vital in human physiology, which not only act as enzyme catalysts in the processes of superoxide dismutase and glucose phosphorylation, but also affect the redox process, osmotic adjustment, metabolism and neural signals. However, metal imbalances can lead to diseases such as diabetes, which is marked by chronic hyperglycemia and affects wound healing. The hyperglycemic milieu of diabetes impairs wound healing, posing significant challenges to patient quality of life.

Understanding external carotid artery collateralisation after cerebral revascularisation in moyamoya disease: insights from quantitative analysis.

Background: This study aims to quantitatively evaluate collateralisation angiogenesis ratio (CAR) of external carotid artery and intracranial arterial residual volumes (ARV) postcerebral revascularisation in moyamoya disease (MMD) and elucidate the factors influencing external carotid artery collateralisation.

Methods: The study retrospectively analysed 297 patients diagnosed with MMD who underwent cerebral revascularisation at our University's Hospital, between January 2015 and May 2023. The clinical data, imaging results and surgical specifics for the patients were collected.

Applications of nanomaterials with enzyme-like activity for the detection of phytochemicals and hazardous substances in plant samples.

Plants such as herbs, vegetables, fruits, and cereals are closely related to human life. Developing effective testing methods to ensure their safety and quantify their active components are of significant importance. Recently, nanomaterials with enzyme-like activity (known as nanozymes) have been widely developed in various assays, including colorimetric, fluorescence, chemiluminescence, and electrochemical analysis.

The effect of post-activation enhancement on the performance of Chinese national skeleton athletes in the "ice push sled"-a first cross-sectional study.

Objective: To investigate the impact of post-activation potentiation (PAP) induced by resisted sled sprint at different loads on the subsequent 30 m ice push sled performance of Chinese skeleton athletes, and to identify the resisted sled sprint load that most effectively enhances PAP for Chinese skeleton athletes.

Methods: Seven elite athletes from the Chinese skeleton team participated in four tests with more than 48 h intervals. During the tests, on the first test, athletes completed a 40 min standard warm-up, rested for 6 min, and then performed a 30 m test.

Long-Term Clinical Outcomes After Cerebral Revascularization in Moyamoya Disease With Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of cerebral revascularization for Moyamoya disease (MMD) with extracranial internal carotid artery occlusion (ICAO).

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 37 patients diagnosed with MMD with extracranial ICAO who underwent cerebral revascularization surgery. We conducted propensity score matching for MMD patients without extracranial ICAO from database of 932 MMD patients.

Blocking the PD-1 signal transduction by occupying the phosphorylated ITSM recognition site of SHP-2.

Targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis with small-molecular inhibitors is a promising approach for immunotherapy. Here, we identify a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid, Pygenic Acid A (PA), as a PD-1 signaling inhibitor. PA exerts anti-tumor activity in hPD-1 knock-in C57BL/6 mice and enhances effector functions of T cells to promote immune responses by disrupting the PD-1 signaling transduction.

The enhanced neutral process with decreasing cell size: a study on phytoplankton metacommunities from the glacier-fed river of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau.

Unlabelled: The cell size of phytoplankton is an important defining functional trait that can serve as a driver and sentinel of phytoplankton community structure and function. However, the study of the assembly patterns and drivers of phytoplankton metacommunities with different cell sizes has not been widely carried out. In this study, we systematically investigated the biodiversity patterns, drivers, and assembly processes of the three phytoplankton cell sizes (micro: 20-200 μm; nano: 2-20 μm; pico: 0.

Identification of microbe-disease signed associations via multi-scale variational graph autoencoder based on signed message propagation.

Background: Plenty of clinical and biomedical research has unequivocally highlighted the tremendous significance of the human microbiome in relation to human health. Identifying microbes associated with diseases is crucial for early disease diagnosis and advancing precision medicine.

Results: Considering that the information about changes in microbial quantities under fine-grained disease states helps to enhance a comprehensive understanding of the overall data distribution, this study introduces MSignVGAE, a framework for predicting microbe-disease sign associations using signed message propagation.

Maresin2 negatively regulates DC's maturation via the MAPK/NF-κB pathway in DCs.

Objective: To observe the effects and mechanisms of Maresin2 on the function of DCs(Dendritic cells).

Method: The levels of IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α and IL-1β secreted by BMDCs (Bone marrow-derived Dendritic cells) after Maresin2 treatment were detected by ELISA. At the same time, the expressions of costimulatory molecules CD40 and CD86 on the surface, the ability of phagocytosis of ovalbumin(OVA) antigen, and antigen presentation function in BMDCs were analyzed by flow cytometry.

Applications of Nanozymes in Chiral-Molecule Recognition through Electrochemical and Ultraviolet-Visible Analysis.

Chiral molecules have similar physicochemical properties, which are different in terms of physiological activities and toxicities, rendering their differentiation and recognition highly significant. Nanozymes, which are nanomaterials with inherent enzyme-like activities, have garnered significant interest owing to their high cost-effectiveness, enhanced stability, and straightforward synthesis. However, constructing nanozymes with high activity and enantioselectivity remains a significant challenge.

Comparative Analysis of Chloroplast Genomes in and Its Related Genus (): Insights into Adaptive Evolution.

species are well-known as plant pathogens that cause red rust or algae spot diseases in many economically cultivated plants that grow in shady and humid environments. Despite their prevalence, the adaptive evolution of these pathogens remains poorly understood. We sequenced and characterized three (, , and ) chloroplast genomes, and compared them with seven previously reported chloroplast genomes.

Which productivity can promote clean energy transition -total factor productivity or green total factor productivity?

Developing clean energy is a key pathway and an inevitable choice for achieving the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality. From a global perspective, technology is increasingly affecting the trajectory of energy transition, driving clean energy into a stage of rapid development. Therefore, this paper focuses on exploring the dynamic evolutionary characteristics of clean energy transitions driven by different productivity.

Association between the composite dietary antioxidant index and the prevalence and recurrence of kidney stones: results of a nationwide survey.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) and the prevalence and recurrence of kidney stones.

Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected between 2007 and 2014 were used in this cross-sectional analysis. The CDAI was derived by standardizing the intake of dietary antioxidants from 24 h dietary recalls.

Topical application of a BCL-2 inhibitor ameliorates imiquimod-induced psoriasiform dermatitis by eliminating senescent cells.

Background: Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease with unclear pathogenesis and unmet therapeutic needs.

Objective: To investigate the role of senescent CD4 T cells in psoriatic lesion formation and explore the application of senolytics in treating psoriasis.

Methods: We explored the expression levels of p16 and p21, classical markers of cellular senescence, in CD4 T cells from human psoriatic lesions and imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriatic lesions.