Cloning, purification and characterization of a novel thermostable recombinant tannase from Galactobacillus timonensis.

The exorbitant production costs associated with natural tannases pose a significant challenge to their widespread industrial utilization. Microbial expression systems provide a cost-effective method for enzyme production. In this study, a putative gene encoding the subtype B tannase (Gt-Tan) was cloned from Galactobacillus timonensis and expressed heterologously in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells.

Astragalus polysaccharide treatment relieves cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury by promoting M2 polarization of microglia by enhancing O-GlcNAcylation.

Cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion (I/R) injury seriously threatens the lives of patients. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) is the main active ingredient of Astragalus membranaceus and has a wide range of pharmacological activities. Here, we aimed to explore the impacts of APS on cerebral I/R injury and its specific mechanisms.

Differential response of heavy metal accumulation in freshwater aquatic organisms to organic matter pathway (δC) and trophic level (δN).

The migration of heavy metals into aquatic ecosystems is a concern for the safety of aquatic organisms and human health. However, the migration of heavy metals from habitats to the food chain in freshwater ecosystems requires extensive exploration. We extensively investigated the levels of heavy metals in multiple media of freshwater ecosystems and explored their migration from freshwater habitats to the food chain.

Development of the Competency Evaluation Scale for Clinical Nutritionists in China: A Delphi Study.

Clinical nutritionists are responsible for nutritional therapy in clinical practice, which significantly enhances patients' nutritional status. This study aims to develop and validate a competency evaluation scale to effectively assess the abilities of clinical nutritionists. The competency evaluation scale for clinical nutritionists was developed based on the iceberg model, utilizing literature review, semi-structured interviews, and the Delphi method.

Diagnostic, prognostic, and immunological roles of CDSN in ovarian cancer.

Globally, ovarian cancer (OC) ranks as a principal cause of cancer-related mortality in females. Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of OC, but the efficacy of immunotherapy is often limited by different immune microenvironments. The objective of this research was to pinpoint and validate candidate genes with potential value as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in OC.

[Interaction Effects of Vegetation and Soil Factors on Microbial Communities in Alpine Steppe Under Degradation].

To clarify the regulating effect of vegetation and soil factors on microbial communities in the alpine steppe under degradation on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, the alpine steppe in the Sanjiangyuan area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was chosen. We analyzed the differences in vegetation and soil factors in different stages of degradation （non-degradation, moderate degradation, and severe degradation） and detected the variations in microbial community characteristics in the alpine steppe under different degradation stages using high-throughput sequencing technology. Eventually, redundancy analysis （RDA） and multiple regression matrixes （MRM） based on the similarity or dissimilarity matrix were used to identify key environmental factors regulating microbial （bacterial and fungal） community changes under degradation.

H19 lncRNA triggers ferroptosis, exacerbating ox-LDL-induced artery endothelial cell damage in vitro.

Background: The precise association between lncRNA H19 and ferroptosis in the context of atherosclerosis remains uncertain.

Objective: This study is to clarify the underlying process and propose novel approaches for the advancement of therapeutic interventions targeting atherosclerosis.

Methods: Assessment of ferroptosis, which entails the evaluation of cell viability using CCK-8 and the quantification of intracellular MDA, GSH, and ferrous ions.

Micro-flow cell washing technique combined with single-cell Raman spectroscopy for rapid and automatic antimicrobial susceptibility test of pathogen in urine.

Facing the rapid spread of antimicrobial resistance, methods based on single-cell Raman spectroscopy have proven their advances in reducing the turn-around time (TAT) of antimicrobial susceptibility tests (AST). However, the Raman-based methods are still hindered by the prolonged centrifugal cell washing procedure, which may require complex labor operation and induce high mechanical stress, resulting in a pretreatment time of over 1 h as well as a high cell-loss probability. In this study, we developed a micro-flow cell washing device and corresponding Raman-compatible washing chips, which were able to automatically remove the impurities in the samples, retain the bacterial cell and perform Raman spectra acquisition in situ.

CircPAPPA2 plays a role in preeclampsia pathogenesis via regulation of the miR-942/miR-5006-3p.

CircRNAs are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs implicated in the pathogenesis of many pregnancy related diseases, one of which is pre-eclampsia (PE). This study aims to investigate the role of CircPAPPA2 (circbase ID: hsa_circ_0015382) in regulating the migration and invasion of trophoblast cells. RNA sequencing was used to identify the differentially expressed circRNAs in placenta of PE and normal pregnant women.

Cleavage-independent activation of ancient eukaryotic gasdermins and structural mechanisms.

Gasdermins (GSDMs) are pore-forming proteins that execute pyroptosis for immune defense. GSDMs are two-domain proteins activated by proteolytic removal of the inhibitory domain. In this work, we report two types of cleavage-independent GSDM activation.

Development of a Reliable GADSAH Model for Differentiating AFP-negative Hepatic Benign and Malignant Occupying Lesions.

Purpose: Developing a high-value, convenient, and validated differential diagnosis model to differentiate alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) negative hepatic occupying lesions and assist clinicians in early identification and intervention.

Patients And Methods: A total of 340 patients with AFP-negative hepatic occupying lesions who were admitted to the Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital between August 2021 and April 2023 were included in the final retrospective analysis. The data were randomly divided into training and validation sets in a 7:3 ratio after performing multiple interpolations.

Unleashing the Power of Osmotic Energy: Metal Hydroxide-Organic Framework Membranes for Efficient Conversion.

Osmotic energy, as a renewable clean energy with huge energy density and stable yield, has received widespread attention over the past decades. Reverse electrodialysis (RED) based on ion-exchange membranes is an important method of obtaining osmotic energy from salinity gradients. The preparation of ion-exchange membranes with both high ion selectivity and ion permeability is in constant exploration.

Cadmium Exposure Induces Apoptosis and Necrosis of Thyroid Cells via the Regulation of miR-494-3p/PTEN Axis.

Cadmium (Cd) exposure is a persistent pollution problem, necessitating caution in using cadmium-expelling complexing agents. Currently, there is no targeted therapy to treat Cd poisoning. The thyroid gland is a major endocrine organ that directly regulates thyroid hormones involved in various physiological processes and is a target organ for Cd accumulation.

Food safety-related practices among residents aged 18-75 years during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Southwest China.

Background: Good food safety practices are essential to minimizing foodborne diseases. The present study explored the food safety-related practices of residents during the COVID-19 pandemic in Southwest China and identified the impacting factors.

Methods: Residents aged 18-75 years from Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan, and Chongqing, China, were included in our study.

In Situ Growth of MOF-303 Membranes onto Porous Anodic Aluminum Oxide Substrates for Harvesting Salinity-Gradient Energy.

As an emerging metal-organic framework (MOF) material in recent years, the MOF-303 membrane has shown great potential applications in seawater desalination, dehydration, and atmospheric water harvesting. Herein, we report on a dense and uniform MOF-303 membrane fabricated by a facile in situ hydrothermal synthesis approach in the presence of an anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) channel membrane acting as the only Al source and substrate. Interestingly, the MOF-303 isomer can be obtained due to an insufficient amount of organic ligand caused by the less hydrophilic and larger pore size of the AAO substrate.

Recognition and maturation of IL-18 by caspase-4 noncanonical inflammasome.

The canonical (caspase-1) and noncanonical (comprising caspases 4, 5 and 11; hereafter, caspase-4/5/11) inflammasomes both cleave gasdermin D (GSDMD) to induce pyroptosis. Whereas caspase-1 processes IL-1β and IL-18 for maturation, no cytokine target has been firmly established for lipopolysaccharide-activated caspase-4/5/11. Here we show that activated human caspase-4, but not mouse caspase-11, directly and efficiently processes IL-18 in vitro and during bacterial infections.

Distal radial access for neuroangiography and neurointerventions: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Many studies have shown that coronary angiography (CAG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) via distal radial access (DRA) are safe and effective. Safety and efficacy of neuroangiography and neurointerventions via DRA are unknown.

Purpose: Search the literatures on neuroangiography and neurointerventions via DRA and conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The enhancement effect of small molecule Lyb24 reveals AzoR as a novel target of polymyxin B.

Given the important role of polymyxin B (PB) in the treatment of drug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections, the emergence of PB resistance poses a serious threat to public health. Adjuvant development is a supplementary strategy that can compensate for the lack of novel antibiotics by protecting PB. In this study, we found a small molecule named Lyb24 that showed weak antibacterial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration ≥ 10 μg/ml) but potentiated and revitalized the efficacy of PB against Gram-negative pathogens, including mcr-1- and mgrB-deletion-mediated PB-resistant strains.

Predictive Value of Post-Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Quantitative Flow Ratio for Vessel-Oriented Composite Endpoint.

At present, there is a lack of indicators, which can accurately predict the post-percutaneous coronary intervention (post-PCI) vessel-oriented composite endpoint (VOCE). Recent studies showed that the post-PCI quantitative flow ratio (QFR) can predict post-PCI VOCE. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane were searched from inception to March 27, 2022, and the cohort studies about that the post-PCI QFR predicts post-PCI VOCE were screened.

Nomogram for the prediction of crescent formation in IgA nephropathy patients: a retrospective study.

Background: The 2017 Oxford classification of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) recently reported that crescents could predict a worse renal outcome. Early prediction of crescent formation can help physicians determine the appropriate intervention, and thus, improve the outcomes. Therefore, we aimed to establish a nomogram model for the prediction of crescent formation in IgA nephropathy patients.

Catechol-Modified and MnO-Nanozyme-Reinforced Hydrogel with Improved Antioxidant and Antibacterial Capacity for Periodontitis Treatment.

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by tooth loss and alveolar bone resorption. Bacteria are the original cause of periodontitis, and excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) encourage and intensify inflammation. In this study, a mussel-inspired and MnO NPs-reinforced adhesive hydrogel capable of alleviating periodontitis with improved antibacterial and antioxidant abilities was developed.

Exploring health literacy in patients with chronic diseases in Chongqing, China: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Personal health literacy is the degree to which individuals have the ability to find, understand and use information and services to inform health-related decisions and actions for themselves and others. Health literacy levels remain low, despite the many measures that have been taken to improve it. In addition, the number of patients with chronic diseases is increasing.

Label-Free Sequence-Specific Visualization of LAMP Amplified via DNA Machine Produces G-Quadruplex DNAzyme.

is one of four key global causes of diarrhea, and in humans, it is generally contracted through the consumption of contaminated food. It is necessary to develop an accurate, simple, and rapid method to monitor in the early phase. Herein, we developed a sequence-specific visualization method based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for the detection of in milk.