Cross omics risk scores of inflammation markers are associated with all-cause mortality: The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Inflammation is a critical component of chronic diseases, aging progression, and lifespan. Omics signatures may characterize inflammation status beyond blood biomarkers. We leveraged genetics (Polygenic-Risk-Score; PRS), metabolomics (Metabolomic-Risk-Score; MRS), and epigenetics (Epigenetic-Risk-Score; ERS) to build multi-omics-multi-marker risk scores for inflammation status represented by the level of circulating C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa).

A single-center, retrospective study of hospitalized patients with lower respiratory tract infections: clinical assessment of metagenomic next-generation sequencing and identification of risk factors in patients.

Introduction: Lower respiratory tract infections(LRTIs) in adults are complicated by diverse pathogens that challenge traditional detection methods, which are often slow and insensitive. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) offers a comprehensive, high-throughput, and unbiased approach to pathogen identification. This retrospective study evaluates the diagnostic efficacy of mNGS compared to conventional microbiological testing (CMT) in LRTIs, aiming to enhance detection accuracy and enable early clinical prediction.

24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretions, plasma metabolomic profiles, and cardiometabolic biomarkers in the United States adults: a cross-sectional study.

Background: High-sodium and low-potassium intakes are associated with a higher risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease, but there are limited data on the circulating metabolomics profiles of 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretions in free-living individuals.

Objectives: We aimed to characterize the metabolomics signatures of a high-sodium and low-potassium diet in a cross-sectional study.

Methods: In 1028 healthy older adults from the Women's and Men's Lifestyle Validation Studies, we investigated the association of habitual sodium and potassium intakes measured by 2 to 4 24-h urine samples with plasma metabolites (quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) and metabolomic pathways.

Effect of 1-year lifestyle intervention with energy-reduced Mediterranean diet and physical activity promotion on the gut metabolome and microbiota: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: The health benefits of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) have been linked to the presence of beneficial gut microbes and related metabolites. However, its impact on the fecal metabolome remains poorly understood.

Objectives: Our goal was to investigate the weight-loss effects of a 1-y lifestyle intervention based on an energy-reduced MedDiet coupled with physical activity (intervention group), compared with an ad libitum MedDiet (control group), on fecal metabolites, fecal microbiota, and their potential association with cardiovascular disease risk factors.

A novel autoantibody signatures for enhanced clinical diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease that requires precise diagnosis for effective treatment. However, the diagnostic value of carbohydrate antigen 19 - 9 (CA19-9) is limited. Therefore, this study aims to identify novel tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAAbs) for PDAC diagnosis.

Nutrition, DNA methylation and obesity across life stages and generations.

Obesity is a complex multifactorial condition that often manifests in early life with a lifelong burden on metabolic health. Diet, including pre-pregnancy maternal diet, nutrition and dietary patterns in early and late life, can shape obesity development. Growing evidence suggests that epigenetic modifications, specifically DNA methylation, might mediate or accompany these effects across life stages and generations.

Different Isocaloric Meals and Adiposity Modify Energy Expenditure and Clinical and Metabolomic Biomarkers During Resting and Exercise States in a Randomized Crossover Acute Trial of Normal-Weight and Overweight/Obese Men.

Background: Few studies have assessed the integrative effects of diet, BMI, and exercise on postprandial changes in energy and circulating metabolic profiles.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the collective effects of 3 isocaloric meals high in carbohydrate (74.2% energy), fat (64.

Lipidomic Signatures of Dairy Consumption and Associated Changes in Blood Pressure and Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Chinese Adults.

Background: Omics data may provide a unique opportunity to discover dairy-related biomarkers and their linked cardiovascular health.

Methods: Dairy-related lipidomic signatures were discovered in baseline data from a Chinese cohort study (n=2140) and replicated in another Chinese study (n=212). Dairy intake was estimated by a validated food-frequency questionnaire.

Gut microbiota-derived metabolite 3-idoleacetic acid together with LPS induces IL-35 B cell generation.

Background: IL-35-producing Bregs and Treg cells critically regulate chronic illnesses worldwide via mechanisms related to disrupting the gut microbiota composition. However, whether the gut microbiota regulates these IL-35 cells remains elusive. We herein investigated the regulatory effects of the gut microbiota on IL-35 cells by using genetically modified mouse models of obesity.

Different Isocaloric Meals and Adiposity Modify Energy Expenditure and Clinical and Metabolomic Biomarkers During Resting and Exercise States in a Randomized Crossover Acute Trial of Normal-Weight and Overweight/Obese Men.

Background: Few studies have assessed the integrative effects of diet, BMI, and exercise on postprandial changes in energy and circulating metabolic profiles.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the collective effects of 3 isocaloric meals high in carbohydrate (74.2% energy), fat (64.

Associations of plasma glycerophospholipid profile with modifiable lifestyles and incident diabetes in middle-aged and older Chinese.

Aims/hypothesis: Glycerophospholipid (GPL) perturbance was linked to the pathogenesis of diabetes in animal studies but prospective studies in humans are rare, particularly in Asians. We aimed to investigate the associations between plasma GPLs and incident diabetes and to explore effects of lifestyle on the associations in a Chinese population.

Methods: The study included 1877 community-dwelling Chinese individuals aged 50-70 years (751 men and 1126 women), free of diabetes at baseline and followed for 6 years.

Plasma Sphingolipid Profile in Association with Incident Metabolic Syndrome in a Chinese Population-Based Cohort Study.

Although bioactive sphingolipids have been shown to regulate cardiometabolic homeostasis and inflammatory signaling pathways in rodents, population-based longitudinal studies of relationships between sphingolipids and onset of metabolic syndrome (MetS) are sparse. We aimed to determine associations of circulating sphingolipids with inflammatory markers, adipokines, and incidence of MetS. Among 1242 Chinese people aged 50-70 years who completed the 6-year resurvey, 76 baseline plasma sphingolipids were quantified by high-throughput liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Associations among circulating sphingolipids, β-cell function, and risk of developing type 2 diabetes: A population-based cohort study in China.

Background: Animal studies suggest vital roles of sphingolipids, especially ceramides, in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) via pathways involved in insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, and inflammation, but human studies are limited. We aimed to evaluate the associations of circulating sphingolipids with incident T2D and to explore underlying mechanisms.

Methods And Findings: The current study included 826 men and 1,148 women who were aged 50-70 years, from Beijing and Shanghai, and without T2D in 2005 and who were resurveyed in 2011.

Lactobacillus maintains healthy gut mucosa by producing L-Ornithine.

Gut mucosal layers are crucial in maintaining the gut barrier function. Gut microbiota regulate homeostasis of gut mucosal layer via gut immune cells such as RORγt (+) IL-22(+) ILC3 cells, which can influence the proliferation of mucosal cells and the production of mucin. However, it is unclear how gut microbiota execute this regulation.

[Rapid screening of acidity regulators in dairy by ion chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry].

A method for screening of acidity regulators in dairy based on ion chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry technology (IC-HRMS) was set up. The dairy samples were extracted by KOH (pH 7-8) and Oasis MAX SPE column, and separated by a Dionex IonPac AS11-HC column (250 mm×4 mm). All the acidity regulators were detected by Orbitrap full scan mode.

Gut REG3γ-Associated Induces Anti-inflammatory Macrophages to Maintain Adipose Tissue Homeostasis.

Gut microbiota may not only affect composition of local immune cells but also affect systemic immune cells. However, it is not completely clear how gut microbiota modulate these immune systems. Here, we found that there exist expanded macrophage pools in γ mice.

The Gut Epithelial Receptor LRRC19 Promotes the Recruitment of Immune Cells and Gut Inflammation.

Commensal microbes are necessary for a healthy gut immune system. However, the mechanism involving these microbes that establish and maintain gut immune responses is largely unknown. Here, we have found that the gut immune receptor leucine-rich repeat (LRR) C19 is involved in host-microbiota interactions.

Expression of FABP4, adipsin and adiponectin in Paneth cells is modulated by gut Lactobacillus.

We here found that intestinal epithelial Paneth cells secrete FABP4, adipsin and adiponectin in both mice and human. Deletion of Paneth cell results in the decrease of FABP4, adipsin and adiponectin not only in intestinal crypt cells but also in sera, suggesting that they may influence the state of the whole body. We also demonstrate that expression of FABP4, adipsin and adiponectin may be modulated by specific gut microbiota.

[Determination of sulfonamide potentiators in animal origin foods by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

A method for the determination of sulfonamide potentiators, trimethoprim (TMP), diaveridine (DVD) and ormetoprin (OMP), in different animal origin food matrices (including chicken muscle, fish muscle, chicken liver, egg and milk) has been developed by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The sample was extracted by formic acid-acetonitrile (1:9, v/v), cleaned-up by hexane, separated on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (50 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.

[Rapid screening and confirming carcinogenic banned azo colorants in textiles by high performance liquid chromatography-linear ion trap/orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry].

A method of high performance liquid chromatography-linear ion trap/orbitrap highresolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-LTP/Orbitrap MS) was ued to screen and confirm-banned azo colorants in textiles rapidly. The analytes were reduced to carcinogenic aromatic amines with sodium dithionite in citrate buffer solution. The reduced solution was extracted bydiatomite, and loadd onto an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (50 mm x 2.

[Determination of ribavirin and amantadine in chicken by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

A method for the determination of ribavirin and amantadine in chicken has been developed by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/ MS). After extracted by 1% (volume percentage) trichloroacetic acid solution-acetonitrile (1:1, v/v) and purified by a Supelco LC-SCX cartridge, the samples were loaded onto an Acquity UPLC BEH Hillic column (150 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.

Determination of amantadine and rimantadine in chicken muscle by QuEChERS pretreatment method and UHPLC coupled with LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometry.

A novel sample pretreatment method was developed for the quantitative determination of amantadine and rimantadine in chicken muscle tissues by ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-LTQ Orbitrap MS). The samples were pretreated by modified QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) method, using acetonitrile (1% acetic acid, v/v) as extraction solution and C18 sorbent for clean-up. The separation was carried out on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3 column (150mm×2.

[Determination of dicyandiamide, melamine and cyanuric acid in milk and milk powder by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

A method for the determination of dicyandiamide (DCD), melamine (MEL) and cyanuric acid (CY) in milk and milk powder has been developed by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). After extracted by 5% (mass fraction) trichloroacetic acid, the samples were loaded onto an Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column (50 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.

[Determination of cyanuric acid in milk and milk powder by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with post-column ammoniation].

A method for the determination of cyanuric acid in milk and milk powder has been developed by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) with post-column ammoniation. After extracted by 5% trichloroacetic acid, the samples were loaded onto an Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column (50 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.

Investigation of MC3T3-E1 cell behavior on the surface of GRGDS-coupled chitosan.

The GRGDS (Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser) peptide has intermediate affinity to alphaVbeta3 and alphaIIbbeta3, which are the integrins most reported to be involved in bone function. In this study, biomimetic chitosan films modified with GRGDS peptide were prepared and were used as a substrate for the in vitro culture of MC3T3-E1 cells in order to investigate the effect of GRGDS modification on MC3T3-E1 cell behavior. The results of electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectra (ATR-FTIR), and amino acid analysis (AAA) demonstrated that the chitosan films were successfully modified with GRGDS peptides and that the surface density of the immobilized GRGDS was on the order of 10(-9) mol/cm2.