Sniffer restricts arboviral brain infections by regulating ROS levels and protecting blood-brain barrier integrity in Drosophila and mosquitoes.

Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are transmitted to humans by arthropod vectors and pose a serious threat to global public health. Neurotropic arboviruses including Sindbis virus (SINV) persistently infect the central nervous system (CNS) of vector insects without causing notable pathological changes or affecting their behavior or lifespan. However, the mechanisms by which vector insects evade these viral infections in the brains are poorly understood.

Review on the bioanalysis of non-virus-based gene therapeutics.

Over the past years, gene therapeutics have held great promise for treating many inherited and acquired diseases. The increasing number of approved gene therapeutics and developing clinical pipelines demonstrate the potential to treat diseases by modifying their genetic blueprints in vivo. Compared with conventional treatments targeting proteins rather than underlying causes, gene therapeutics can achieve enduring or curative effects via gene activation, inhibition, and editing.

The effectiveness and factors influencing frequency of endoscopic bougie dilatation in treating postoperative anastomotic stenosis of congenital esophageal atresia.

Objective: This study is to evaluate the effectiveness and frequency factors of endoscopic bougie dilatation in treating postoperative anastomotic stenosis of congenital esophageal atresia (CEA).

Methods: The clinical data of patients of anastomotic stenosis with endoscopic bougie were retrospectively analyzed. According to the number of dilation times (ND), patients were divided into two groups (Group 0: ND < 3; Grooup1: ND ≥ 3), and the differences in multiple clinical data were compared.

Graph domain adaptation-based framework for gene expression enhancement and cell type identification in large-scale spatially resolved transcriptomics.

Spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) technologies facilitate gene expression profiling with spatial resolution in a naïve state. Nevertheless, current SRT technologies exhibit limitations, manifesting as either low transcript detection sensitivity or restricted gene throughput. These constraints result in diminished precision and coverage in gene measurement.

Analysis of Baseline Molecular Factors Associated With the Risk of Central Nervous System Progression Among Alectinib-Treated Patients With ALK-Positive NSCLC.

Introduction: Despite receiving alectinib therapy, patients with ALK-positive NSCLC remain at risk of central nervous system (CNS) progression. Our retrospective study aimed to identify baseline clinical and molecular factors associated with the risk of CNS progression in this patient subset.

Methods: We analyzed the clinical, molecular, and imaging data of 318 patients with ALK-positive advanced NSCLC who received alectinib as first-line (1L-alectinib) or second-line (2L-alectinib) therapy at baseline (1L, n = 183; 2L, n = 135) and at disease progression (1L, n = 80; 2L, n = 76).

Design of customized coronavirus receptors.

Although coronaviruses use diverse receptors, the characterization of coronaviruses with unknown receptors has been impeded by a lack of infection models. Here we introduce a strategy to engineer functional customized viral receptors (CVRs). The modular design relies on building artificial receptor scaffolds comprising various modules and generating specific virus-binding domains.

Wheat bran oil ameliorates high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats with alterations in gut microbiota and liver metabolite profile.

Background: Obesity is one of the public health issues that seriously threatens human health. This study aimed to investigate the effects of wheat bran oil (WBO) on body weight and fat/lipid accumulation in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats and further explore the possible mechanisms by microbiome and metabolome analyses.

Methods: Fifty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were fed either a normal chow diet (B group, n = 10) or HFD (n = 40) for 14 weeks to establish an obesity model.

Sarbecovirus RBD indels and specific residues dictating multi-species ACE2 adaptiveness.

Our comprehensive understanding of the multi-species ACE2 adaptiveness of sarbecoviruses remains elusive, particularly for those with various receptor binding motif (RBM) insertions/deletions (indels). Here, we analyzed RBM sequences from 268 sarbecoviruses categorized into four RBM indel types. We examined the ability of 20 representative sarbecovirus Spike glycoproteins (S) and derivatives in utilizing ACE2 from various bats and several other mammalian species.

Development of a prognostic nomogram for advanced non-small cell lung cancer using clinical characteristics.

This retrospective study demonstrated that patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer who experienced any-grade or grade 1-2 immune-related adverse events (irAEs) with immune checkpoint inhibitor plus chemotherapy (ICI+Chemo) as first-line treatment regimen had significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS;  < 0.001) and overall survival (OS;  < 0.05) compared with patients without any irAE.

Research progress of exosomes from different sources in myocardial ischemia.

Ischemic heart disease refers to the imbalance between the supply and demand of myocardial blood; it has various causes and results in a class of clinical diseases characterized by myocardial ischemia (MI). In recent years, the incidence of cardiovascular disease has become higher and higher, and the number of patients with ischemic heart disease has also increased year by year. Traditional treatment methods include drug therapy and surgical treatment, both of which have limitations.

A novel deep ensemble-based model with outlier removal and order-invariant ranking for carbon dioxide emission prediction.

Excessive carbon dioxide ( ) emissions pose a formidable challenge, driving global climate change and necessitating urgent attention. Striking a balance between curbing emissions and fostering economic growth hinges upon the ability to reliably forecast emissions. Such forecasts are indispensable for policymakers as they endeavor to make informed decisions and proactively implement mitigation measures.

Molecular basis of convergent evolution of ACE2 receptor utilization among HKU5 coronaviruses.

DPP4 was considered a canonical receptor for merbecoviruses until the recent discovery of African bat-borne MERS-related coronaviruses using ACE2. The extent and diversity with which merbecoviruses engage ACE2 and their receptor species tropism remain unknown. Here, we reveal that HKU5 enters host cells utilizing (P.

Predictive role and molecular biological function of proline-rich small repeat protein SPRR3 in the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma.

The fascinating role of SPRR3 in various malignant tumors has prompted extensive research to unravel its expression patterns and prognostic significance. To comprehensively investigate SPRR3, we leveraged multiple datasets containing invaluable biomedical information, specifically focusing on the comparative analysis of SPRR3 gene expression levels across different cancer types. Meticulous examination of lung adenocarcinoma allowed us to delve deeper into the correlation between SPRR3 expression and its molecular biological functions.

Clinical outcomes for immune checkpoint inhibitors plus chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with uncommon driver gene alterations.

Background: Limited data exists on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combinations in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with uncommon driver alterations in genes such as ERBB2, BRAF, RET, and MET. This study retrospectively assessed ICI-combination therapy outcomes in this molecular subset of NSCLC.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with advanced NSCLC confirmed with driver alterations in genes including ERBB2, BRAF, RET or MET, and received ICI combined with chemotherapy (ICI + chemo) and/or targeted therapy (ICI + chemo/TT) as first-line (1L) or second- or third-line (≥ 2L) treatment at Hunan Cancer Hospital between January 2018 and May 2024.

Sulfur-doped Bi2O2CO3 nanosheet for enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO with ultra-high selectivity.

The photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) has emerged as a compelling strategy for the conversion of renewable energy. However, the expeditious recombination of photogenerated charge carriers and the inadequate light absorption capabilities are currently predominant challenges. Herein, we developed a facile hydrothermal approach to synthesize a sulfur doped Bi2O2CO3 nanosheet with a tunable energy band structure designed to enhance visible light absorption.

Lindenane sesquiterpenoid dimers with NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitory activities from Chloranthus holostegius var. shimianensis.

Thirteen previously undescribed lindenane sesquiterpenoid dimers (LSDs), named chlorahololides G-S (1-13), were isolated from the whole plants of Chloranthus holostegius var. shimianensis, along with ten known analogues (14-23). The structures and absolute configurations of compounds 1-13 were elucidated through comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, NMR and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and X-ray single-crystal diffraction.

A broad neutralizing nanobody against SARS-CoV-2 engineered from an approved drug.

SARS-CoV-2 infection is initiated by Spike glycoprotein binding to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor via its receptor binding domain. Blocking this interaction has been proven to be an effective approach to inhibit virus infection. Here we report the discovery of a neutralizing nanobody named VHH60, which was directly produced from an engineering nanobody library based on a commercialized nanobody within a very short period.

RET rearrangement as a mechanism of resistance to ALK-TKI in non-small cell lung cancer patient with EML4-ALK fusion: A case report.

Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) mutations have previously derived substantial benefits from ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs). However, resistance may develop in some patients. We present a case of co-mutation with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and rearranged during transfection (RET)-rearranged NSCLC, representing a novel resistance mechanism to ALK-TKIs, in which the patient exhibited a favorable response to combination therapy with ensartinib and pralsetinib.

The water extracts from the oil cakes of Prinsepia utilis repair the epidermal barrier via up-regulating Corneocyte Envelope-proteins, lipid synthases, and tight junction proteins.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Prinsepia utilis Royle, native to the Himalayan region, has a long history of use in traditional medicine for its heat-clearing, detoxification, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties. Oils extracted from P. utilis seeds are also used in cooking and cosmetics.

Pregabalin-induced delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction occurring after 40 days of use: a case report.

Pregabalin is the first-line treatment for neuropathic pain. Cases of cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions caused by pregabalin generally occur within 2 weeks of initiating medication. We report a rare case of a delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction caused by pregabalin, which was confirmed by a drug provocation test.

Hsa_circ_0101050 accelerates the progression of Colon cancer by targeting the miR-140-3 p/MELK axis.

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the progression of colon cancer (CC). This study aimed to examine the role of a new circRNA circ_0101050 in CC.

Methods: Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation analyses were performed to validate the target relationships among maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK), microRNA (miR)-140-3 p, and circ_0101050.

Pan-Cancer Analysis Identifies BCLAF1 as a Potential Biomarker for Renal Cell Carcinoma.

B-cell lymphoma-2-associated transcription factor 1 (BCLAF1) is a versatile protein involved in the regulation of gene transcription and post-transcriptional processing. Although BCLAF1 exerts a broad tumor suppressor effect or tumor promoter effect in many cancer types, the specific roles concerning its expression levels, and its impact on tumorigenesis in Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remain unclear. Here, we utilized the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) datasets alongside R software and online tools to unravel the specific roles of BCLAF1 in 33 cancer types, including its expression levels, tumor immune and molecular subtypes, and its correlation with prognosis, diagnosis, DNA methylation, and immune microenvironment.

A long-term cohort study: the immune evasion and decreasing neutralization dominated the SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection.

Most of vaccinees and COVID-19 convalescents can build effective anti-SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity, which helps preventing infection and alleviating symptoms. However, breakthrough viral infections caused by emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, especially Omicron subvariants, still pose a serious threat to global health. By monitoring the viral infections and the sera neutralization ability of a long-tracked cohort, we found out that the immune evasion of emerging Omicron subvariants and the decreasing neutralization led to the mini-wave of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections.