Antibiotic exposure and risk of overweight/obesity in children: a biomonitoring-based study from eastern Jiangsu, China.

Objective: To describe antibiotic exposure in children and explore its association with overweight/obesity.

Methods: In June 2022, 328 kindergarten and primary school children were selected from Nantong city in Jiangsu Province. Questionnaires were distributed, and morning urine samples were obtained.

Demethylase FTO inhibits the development of prostate cancer by upregulating EGR2 expression in an m6A manner.

Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) is a demethylase and plays a vital role in various cancers. However, the regulation mechanism of FTO in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of FTO in PCa.

Humanized disulfide-stabilized diabody against fibroblast growth factor-2 inhibits PD-L1 expression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatoma cells through STAT3.

Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) plays an important role in tumor angiogenesis. Humanized disulfide-stable double-chain antibody against fibroblast growth factor-2 (anti-FGF2 ds-Diabody) is a small molecule antibody with good tissue permeability and low immunogenicity, which has potential in tumor-targeted therapy. This study intended to investigate the effect of anti-FGF2 ds-Diabody on the migration and expression of programmed death-ligand1 (PD-L1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells.

Preparation of DSPE-PEG-cRGD Modified Cationic Liposomes for Delivery of OC-2 shRNA and The Antitumor Effects on Breast Cancer.

Cationic liposome delivery of interfering RNA (shRNA) plays an important role in tumor therapy. The cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (cRGD) modified cationic liposomes (cRGD-CL) were designed for targeted delivery of ONECUT2 (OC-2) shRNA (pshOC-2) to breast cancer cells. The characterization analysis of cationic liposome showed that the prepared cRGD-CL/pshOC-2 lipoplexes had uniform particle size (150 ± 1.

Barriers and Strategies of Cationic Liposomes for Cancer Gene Therapy.

Cationic liposomes (CLs) have been regarded as the most promising gene delivery vectors for decades with the advantages of excellent biodegradability, biocompatibility, and high nucleic acid encapsulation efficiency. However, the clinical use of CLs in cancer gene therapy is limited because of many uncertain factors . Extracellular barriers such as opsonization, rapid clearance by the reticuloendothelial system and poor tumor penetration, and intracellular barriers, including endosomal/lysosomal entrapped network and restricted diffusion to the nucleus, make CLs not the ideal vector for transferring extrinsic genes in the body.

An efficient defect engineering strategy to enhance catalytic performances of CoO nanorods for CO oxidation.

Catalytic oxidation of CO at ambient temperature is an important reaction for many environmental applications. Here, we employed a defect engineering strategy to design an extraordinarily effective Sn-doped CoO nanorods (NRs) catalyst for CO oxidation. Our combined theoretical and experimental data demonstrated that Co in the lattice of CoO were substituted by Sn.

Selective Manganese-Catalyzed Oxidation of Hydrosilanes to Silanols under Neutral Reaction Conditions.

The first manganese-catalyzed oxidation of organosilanes to silanols with H O under neutral reaction conditions has been accomplished. A variety of organosilanes with alkyl, aryl, alknyl, and heterocyclic substituents were tolerated, as well as sterically hindered organosilanes. The oxidation appears to proceed by a concerted process involving a manganese hydroperoxide species.

Iron-Catalyzed Alkylation of Nitriles with Alcohols.

A general, efficient iron-catalyzed α-alkylation of nitriles with primary alcohols through a hydrogen-borrowing pathway has been developed, allowing a wide variety of alkylated nitriles to be readily accessible. Detailed mechanistic studies suggest that the reaction proceeds via an olefin intermediate with the turnover rate limited by the hydrogenation of the olefin with an iron hydride. Apart from participating in the alkylation, the nitrile is found to play an important role in promoting the formation of and stabilizing the active catalytic species.

Scaling Up Human Immunodeficiency Virus Screening and Antiretroviral Therapy Among Men Who Have Sex With Men to Achieve the 90-90-90 Targets in China.

Introduction: The Joint United Nations Programme on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome has proposed the 90-90-90 targets by 2020. Human immunodeficiency virus epidemic is spreading rapidly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. This study investigates how the scale-up of HIV testing and treatment in achieving the targets and its cost-effectiveness.

A cross-sectional survey on the health status and the health-related quality of life of the elderly after flood disaster in Bazhong city, Sichuan, China.

Background: Flood is common in China and causes extensive loss of property and human lives. Elderly is a vulnerable population prone to the detrimental impacts of floods. This survey aims to investigate the health status and the HRQoL of the elderly in Bazhong city after a major flood in 2011.

Methadone maintenance treatment programme reduces criminal activity and improves social well-being of drug users in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) has been implemented in China since 2004 and has expanded into a nationwide programme. This study aims to evaluate changes in social functioning, family relations and drug-related criminal behaviour among MMT clients in China.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

HIV prevalence in China: integration of surveillance data and a systematic review.

Background: Asian HIV epidemics are concentrated among particular behavioural groups, but large variations exist in epidemic types, timing, and geographical spread between countries and within countries, especially in China. We aimed to understand the complexity of HIV epidemics in China by systematically analysing prevalence trends by data source, region, population group, and time period.

Methods: We collected HIV prevalence data from official national sentinel surveillance sites at the provincial level from Jan 1, 1995, to Dec 31, 2010.