Machine Learning Models Decoding the Association Between Urinary Stone Diseases and Metabolic Urinary Profiles.

Employing advanced machine learning models, we aim to identify biomarkers for urolithiasis from 24-h metabolic urinary abnormalities and study their associations with urinary stone diseases. We retrospectively recruited 468 patients at Peking Union Medical College Hospital who were diagnosed with urinary stone disease, including renal, ureteral, and multiple location stones, and had undergone a 24-h urine metabolic evaluation. We applied machine learning methods to identify biomarkers of urolithiasis from the urinary metabolite profiles.

Endothelial pyroptosis-driven microglial activation in choroid plexus mediates neuronal apoptosis in hemorrhagic stroke rats.

Background: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with alarmingly high rates of disability and mortality, and current therapeutic options are suboptimal. A critical component of ICH pathology is the initiation of a robust inflammatory response, often termed "cytokine storm," which amplifies the secondary brain injury following the initial hemorrhagic insult. The precise sources and consequences of this cytokine-driven inflammation are not fully elucidated, necessitating further investigation.

Single-cell and Spatial Transcriptomics Reveals Ferroptosis as The Most Enriched Programmed Cell Death Process in Hemorrhage Stroke-induced Oligodendrocyte-mediated White Matter Injury.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe stroke subtype with limited therapeutic options. Programmed cell death (PCD) is crucial for immunological balance, and includes necroptosis, pyroptosis, apoptosis, ferroptosis, and necrosis. However, the distinctions between these programmed cell death modalities after ICH remain to be further investigated.

miR-584-5p is a New Potential Prognostic Biomarker in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: MicroRNA-584-5p (miR-584-5p) plays an important role in certain types of cancer. However, its precise role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) remains unknown.

Objective: Our aim was to investigate how miR-584-5p influences HNSC.

Unraveling dynamic immunological landscapes in intracerebral hemorrhage: insights from single-cell and spatial transcriptomic profiling.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) poses a formidable challenge in stroke management, with limited therapeutic options, particularly in the realm of immune-targeted interventions. Clinical trials targeting immune responses post-ICH have encountered setbacks, potentially attributable to the substantial cellular heterogeneity and intricate intercellular networks within the brain. Here, we present a pioneering investigation utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptome profiling at hyperacute (1 h), acute (24 h), and subacute (7 days) intervals post-ICH, aimed at unraveling the dynamic immunological landscape and spatial distributions within the cerebral tissue.

The oncogene MYBL2 promotes the malignant phenotype and suppresses apoptosis through hedgehog signaling pathway in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Multiple cancers have been associated with MYB-related protein B (MYBL2), its involvement in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has yet to be demonstrated. Our study revealed a significant upregulation of MYBL2 in ccRCC tissues, correlating with clinicopathological features and patient prognosis. Increased MYBL2 expression promoted cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis.

Myeloprotection with trilaciclib in Chinese patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer receiving chemotherapy: Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III study (TRACES).

Introduction: Trilaciclib is a transient cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor that decreases the incidence of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). TRACES study was designed to assess the safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics (PK) of trilaciclib before chemotherapy in Chinese patients with ES-SCLC.

Methods: The study included an open-label safety run-in part (Part 1) and double-blinded, placebo-controlled part (Part 2) where patients received trilaciclib or placebo before chemotherapy.

POLR3G promotes EMT via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in bladder cancer.

RNA Polymerase III Subunit G (POLR3G) promotes tumorigenesis, metastasis, cancer stemness, and chemoresistance of breast cancer and lung cancer; however, its biological function in bladder cancer (BLCA) remains unclear. Through bioinformatic analyses, we found that POLR3G expression was significantly elevated in BLCA tumor tissues and was associated with decreased survival. Multivariate Cox analysis indicated that POLR3G could serve as an independent prognostic risk factor.

Impact of lymphadenectomy extent on immunotherapy efficacy in postresectional recurred non-small cell lung cancer: a multi-institutional retrospective cohort study.

Background: Lymph node (LN) dissection is a common procedure for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to ascertain disease severity and treatment options. However, murine studies have indicated that excising tumor-draining LNs diminished immunotherapy effectiveness, though its applicability to clinical patients remains uncertain. Hence, the authors aim to illustrate the immunological implications of LN dissection by analyzing the impact of dissected LN (DLN) count on immunotherapy efficacy, and to propose a novel 'immunotherapy-driven' LN dissection strategy.

Machine-learning based integrating bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the SLC38A5-CCL5 signaling as a promising target for clear cell renal cell carcinoma treatment.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts paly critical roles in regulating cancer cell biological properties by intricate and dynamic communication networks. But the mechanism of CAFs in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is not clear. In our study, we identified CAFs and malignant cells from the integrated scRNA-seq datasets and establish a CAF-derived communication signature based on the highly activated regulons ETS1 and MEF2C.

SHOX2 promotes prostate cancer proliferation and metastasis through disruption of the Hippo-YAP pathway.

The transcription factor SHOX2 gene is critical in regulating gene expression and the development of tumors, but its biological role in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear. In this study, we found that SHOX2 expression was significantly raised in PCa tissues and was associated with clinicopathological features as well as disease-free survival (DFS) of PCa patients. Phenotypic tests showed that the absence of SHOX2 inhibited PCa growth and invasion, while SHOX2 overexpression promoted these effects.

PLAGL2 promotes bladder cancer progression via RACGAP1/RhoA GTPase/YAP1 signaling.

PLAGL2 is upregulated in various tumors, including bladder cancer (BCa). However, the mechanisms underlying the tumorigenic effects of PLAGL2 in BCa remain unclear. In our study, we proved that PLAGL2 was overexpressed in BCa tissues and correlated with decreased survival.

Leveraging a disulfidptosis-based signature to improve the survival and drug sensitivity of bladder cancer patients.

Background: Disulfidptosis is a recently discovered form of cell death. However, its biological mechanisms in bladder cancer (BCa) are yet to be understood.

Methods: Disulfidptosis-related clusters were identified by consensus clustering.

Machine learning-based identification of tumor-infiltrating immune cell-associated model with appealing implications in improving prognosis and immunotherapy response in bladder cancer patients.

Background: Immune cells are crucial components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and regulate cancer cell development. Nevertheless, the clinical implications of immune cell infiltration-related mRNAs for bladder cancer (BCa) are still unclear.

Methods: A 10-fold cross-validation framework with 101 combinations of 10 machine-learning algorithms was employed to develop a consensus immune cell infiltration-related signature (IRS).

Crosstalk between Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells Reveals a Novel Stemness-Related Signature to Predict Prognosis and Immunotherapy Responses for Bladder Cancer Patients.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) maintain bladder cancer (BCa) stemness and facilitate the progression, metastasis, drug resistance, and prognosis. Therefore, we aimed to decipher the communication networks, develop a stemness-related signature (Stem. Sig.

Comprehensive analysis of necroptosis-related long noncoding RNA to predict prognosis, immune status, and immunotherapeutic response in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Necroptosis has been found to be associated with tumorigenesis and tumor progression. However, the prognostic effect of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with necroptosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is still unclear.

Methods: Pearson correlation analysis was used to identify necroptosis-related genes and lncRNAs obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (TCGA-KIRC) dataset.

A comprehensive analysis of the FOX family for predicting kidney renal clear cell carcinoma prognosis and the oncogenic role of FOXG1.

Previous studies have confirmed that the forkhead box (FOX) superfamily of transcription factors regulates tumor progression and metastasis in multiple cancer. The purpose of this study was to develop a model based on FOX family genes for predicting kidney renal clear cell carcinom (KIRC) prognosis. We downloaded the transcriptional profiles and clinical data of KIRC patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) datasets.

Integrated Analysis Revealed an Inflammatory Cancer-Associated Fibroblast-Based Subtypes with Promising Implications in Predicting the Prognosis and Immunotherapeutic Response of Bladder Cancer Patients.

Inflammatory cancer-associated fibroblasts (iCAFs) are closely related to progression, anticancer therapeutic resistance, and poor prognosis of bladder cancer (BCa). However, the functional role of iCAFs in BCa has been poorly studied. In our study, two BCa scRNA-seq datasets (GSE130001 and GSE146137) were obtained and integrated by the Seurat pipeline.

Comprehensive Analysis of DMRT3 as a Potential Biomarker Associated with the Immune Infiltration in a Pan-Cancer Analysis and Validation in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Doublesex and Mab-3 related Transcription Factor 3 (DMRT3) is associated with the prognosis of some tumors. It is possible to explore the role of DMRT3 in the cancer process using bioinformatic approaches and experimental validation. We comprehensively explored the clinical and immunological characteristics of DMRT3.

Machine learning to improve prognosis prediction of metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma treated with cytoreductive nephrectomy and systemic therapy.

Cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) combined with systemic therapy is commonly used to treat metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC). However, prognostic models for these patients are limited. In the present study, the clinical data of 782 mccRCC patients who received both CN and systemic therapy were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2010-2016), and patients were divided into training and internal test cohorts.

PD-1 inhibition plus platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) or PBC alone in the first-line treatment of locally advanced or metastatic pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma.

Background: Pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (PLELC) is a distinctive subtype of non-small cell lung carcinoma that was not well presented in clinical studies. The management of advanced PLELC remains an important, unmet need due to the paucity of high-grade evidence. Herein, we carried out a multicenter, retrospective study to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for patients with advanced PLELC in the first-line setting.