The fertility recovering from heat stress and interactions of heat shock protein 20 with reproduction-related proteins in Monochamus alternatus.

Due to the rise in global temperatures with climate change, insects, as ectotherms, critically depend on their heat tolerance for survival and reproduction. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are essential for heat tolerance by averting protein denaturation; however, whether HSPs contribute to reproduction-related heat tolerance remains largely unexplored. The study investigated the reproductive heat tolerance and recovery of Monochamus alternatus, a major forestry pest, in response to heat stress.

Forecasting health financing sustainability under the unified pool reform: evidence from China's Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance.

Objective: The integration of the health insurance fund pool may threaten the sustainability of the fund by increasing its expenditures through the exacerbation of the moral hazard of participations. The purpose of this paper is to assess and predict the impact of the single pool reform of China's Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) on the expenditure and sustainability of the health insurance fund.

Methods: In this paper, we consider the pilot implementation of the single pool reform in some provinces of China as a quasi-natural experiment, and develop a staggered DID model to assess the impact of the single pool reform on medical reimbursement expenditure.

The Spillover Effects of the Spouse's Retirement on Depression: Evidence From Chinese Middle-Aged and Older Adult Couples.

Objectives: The present study expands on previous research by examining whether the spouse's retirement affects individual depression both directly, by the changes in individual health investment, and indirectly, through the social interaction effect of the couples' depression.

Methods: Using the panel data from the 2010-2018 China Family Panel Studies, we investigate the direct and indirect spillover effects of the spouse's retirement on depression among Chinese urban-worker couples (men aged 50-70, women aged 40-60; n = 10,466). To address the potential endogeneity and reflect the social interaction effect of the couples' depression, we combine the Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity method with simultaneous equations.

Replacing Spartina alterniflora with northward-afforested mangroves has the potential to acquire extra blue carbon.

Climate change provides an opportunity for the northward expansion of mangroves, and thus, the afforestation of mangroves at higher latitude areas presents an achievable way for coastal restoration, especially where invasive species S. alterniflora needs to be clipped. However, it is unclear whether replacing S.

Impact of informal caregiving on caregivers' subjective well-being in China: a longitudinal study.

Background: While informal caregiving is crucial for improving and maintaining health of the elderly, there is limited evidence of its potential effect on caregivers' wellbeing. Understanding this effect is important for policy makers to design effective long-term care policies. This longitudinal study aims to investigate the impact of informal caregiving on caregivers' subjective wellbeing in China.

π Bridge Engineering-Boosted Dual Enhancement of Type-I Photodynamic and Photothermal Performance for Mitochondria-Targeting Multimodal Phototheranostics of Tumor.

Designing mitochondria-targeting phototheranostic agents (PTAs), which can simultaneously possess exceptional and balanced type-I photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) performance, still remains challenging. Herein, benzene, furan, and thiophene were utilized as π bridges to develop multifunctional PTAs. STB with thiophene as a π bridge, in particular, benefiting from stronger donor-accepter (D-A) interactions, reduced the singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔE), allowed more free intramolecular rotation, and exhibited outstanding near-infrared (NIR) emission, effective type-I reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and relatively high photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) of 51.

A study of the effect of number of children on depression among rural older women: empirical evidence from China.

The association between early reproductive events and health status in later life has always been of interest across disciplines. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there was an association between the number of children born in the early years of elderly women and their depression in later life based on a sample of older women aged 65 years and above with at least one child in rural China. Data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey in 2018, this study used the ordinary least square method to conduct empirical research.

Parental marriage and the non-cognitive abilities of infants and toddlers: Survey findings from China Family Panel Studies.

Early childhood is a critical period for developing children's abilities. Non-cognitive abilities are comparable to or even stronger than cognitive abilities in predicting many socioeconomic outcomes. Usually, most scholars take personality as the core indicator of non-cognitive abilities.

Effect of retirement on medical reimbursement expenses-evidence from China.

Background: Medical reimbursement in China is not for all diseases, and medical reimbursement expenses are not completely consistent with medical service demand, though the scope and proportion of medical reimbursement are gradually expanding. This study aimed to examine the effect of retirement on medical reimbursement expenses in urban China.

Methods: The effect of retirement on medical reimbursement expenses were estimated by using fuzzy regression discontinuity based on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2018.

The effect of retirement on obesity in women: Evidence from China.

Introduction: Retirement has been shown to impact individual health as an important life course, and we examined the impact of retirement on the prevalence of obesity in women based on a female perspective.

Methods: We use data from the five waves of the China Family Panel Study (CFPS) data from 2010 to 2018, with the body mass index (BMI) as the obesity measure. Fuzzy regression discontinuity design (FRDD) is used to overcome the endogeneity of retirement behavior and obesity.

Reproductive behaviour and longevity: Evidence from Chinese centenarians.

With the implementation of the three-child policy in China, the debate between fertility and health and longevity has again become a hot topic in the era of increasing ageing. This study aimed to explore the association between reproductive behaviour and longevity of older women and men in China. Based on data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) from 2014 to 2018, a total of 1428 deceased older people were enrolled in the study, including 421 centenarians and 1007 non-centenarians.

Fertility experiences and later-life cognitive function among older adults in China.

Objectives: The relationship between fertility history and human health has long fascinated scholars; however, whether there is a link between number of children and cognitive function in older adults remains unclear. We investigated the associations between parity and the timing of first and last births with the cognitive function of older adults over 65.

Methods: The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was selected as a tool to measure cognitive function.

Fertility Histories and Heart Disease in Later Life in China.

Purpose: Based on life course theories, health among older people is driven by a continuous and cumulative process that develops over the life course. To better understand the aging process, it is important to assess associations between parity and heart disease in older people of China.

Method: The associations between heart disease prevalence and number of births, number of boys or girls ever born were evaluated among 5,990 samples (mean age 64.

Number of Births and Risk of Diabetes in China's Older Women.

As an important life event in individuals' life, childbirth will affect the health of women to different degrees. More and more attention has been paid to whether the number of births will affect the incident diabetes in elderly women, but there are few related studies. Based on the data of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey in 2018, 6,159 older women are selected as the study population.

Effects of Serving as a State Functionary on Self-Rated Health: Empirical Evidence From China.

Purpose: There is a strong link between occupation and self-rated health. Existing research has revealed the effects of occupation on self-rated health outcomes and the corresponding mechanisms. However, there is a lack of research on the effects of state services on self-rated health in China.

Impact of fertility on the longevity of older rural Chinese women: an analysis of a longitudinal survey.

Background: This study evaluates the impact of fertility during the childbearing period on the longevity of older rural Chinese women and verifies whether any trade-off exists between women's longevity and their number of children to provide empirical evidence for improving health intervention policies and formulating active fertility policies in low-fertility countries.

Methods: Based on the data of the deaths of 1623 older adults aged 65 and above during 2014-2018 in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, this study explores the relationship between the number of children born and older rural women's longevity using the ordinary least squares method. Furthermore, the impact of fertility on the longevity of men and women in rural and urban areas, along with other reproductive behaviours on older rural women's longevity, were analysed.

The effect of serving as a danwei leader before retirement on self-rated post-retirement health: empirical evidence from China.

Background: Worker health is often influenced by their occupation type, and the accumulative effect of occupation has a significant impact on their health after retirement. Studies show that the type and level of occupation before retirement directly impact workers' self-rated post-retirement health. However, there is little research on the self-rated post-retirement health of danwei leaders in China.

Volunteer Service and Well-Being of Older People in China.

Purpose: The social support theory suggested that involving older people in social activities could increase their level of social participation and interaction, which in turn improved their well-being. However, there has been a heated controversy about whether participating in volunteer services could enhance the well-being of older people, especially for the Chinese sample.

Method: Based on the data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2013, this paper used an ordered probit model to examine the impact of older people's participation in volunteer services on their well-being, as well as the differences in the impact across groups and the specific transmission mechanism.

The Positive Impact of Having Served as a Danwei Leader on Post-retirement Life Satisfaction: Experiences in China.

Relevance deprivation syndrome refers to feelings of incompetence among retired people caused by them leaving their high status or influential jobs. The question then arises: do people in positions of power, like Danwei leaders in China, have a lower life satisfaction post-retirement compared to other groups? This study investigated the influence of serving as a Danwei leader before retirement on retirees' life satisfaction, as well as differences in this influence and the channels through which they are affected. Based on the data of 5,873 respondents of the 2018 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey, ordinary least-squares, ordered logistic regression, and propensity score matching models were used to investigate the influence, differences, and influential mechanisms of serving as a Danwei leader before retirement on retirees' life satisfaction.

How the Spouse's Retirement Affects the Cognitive Health of Individuals in China: A Fresh Evidence From the Perspective of Social Interaction.

With the rapid aging of global population, the health consequences of retirement reform are debated greatly. However, most previous studies are limited to the effects on individual themselves, and pay scant attention to the social interaction between individuals and their spouse which may induce the social multiplier effect of retirement. Driven by the practical and academic motives, this study investigates the impacts of the spouse's retirement on the individual's cognitive health among Chinese dual-earner couples.

Depression Levels of State Functionaries: Empirical Evidence From China.

This study aimed to explore the depression levels of those serving as state functionaries in China. We used data from the 2016 China Labor-force Dynamics Survey and the ordinary least squares model for the regression analysis. The results found: i) The degree of depression of state functionaries was found to be lower than that of other workers; that is, the overall depression index of state functionaries was 1.

Share Rose, Get Fun: The Influence of Donation on Happiness.

There is little literature on the impact of donation on individual wellbeing in China. This study examines individual donations in China to answer the question of whether helping others makes us happier and to provide policy implications for in Chinese context. Based on the 2012 Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) data and using ordered logit and OLS as benchmark models, this study finds that donation can significantly increase individual happiness.

Internet Use and Depressive Symptoms Among Older Adults in China.

This study investigated the effect of using the Internet on depression symptoms of older Chinese, based on 7,801 adults aged over 60 years from the 2018 China Family Panel Studies. Results showed that the elderly who used the Internet reported lower depression scores, and the more frequent they use Internet, the lower their depression scores. Moreover, using the Internet for social contact and entertainment decreased the depression scores of the older adults, but when using Internet for learn, work, and commercial activity, the relief of depressive symptoms disappeared.