Urolithin B Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion Injury by Modulating Nrf2-regulated Anti-oxidation in Rats.

Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) induces a wide range of irreversible injuries. Cerebral IR injury (IRI) refers to additional brain tissue damage that occurs after blood flow is restored following cerebral ischemia. Currently, no established methods exist for treating IRI.

A prospective cohort study on decreased serum apelin-13 levels after human aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: associations with severity and prognosis.

Apelin-13 may have neuroprotective effects. We aimed to determine whether serum apelin-13 could serve as a potential biomarker for severity, delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), and prognosis after human aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). In this prospective, observational, cohort, single-center study of 139 patients with aSAH and 139 healthy individuals, serum apelin-13 levels were determined.

Computer-assisted microcatheter shaping for intracranial aneurysm embolization: evaluation of safety and efficacy in a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, stability, and safety of computer-assisted microcatheter shaping (CAMS) in patients with intracranial aneurysms.

Methods: A total of 201 patients with intracranial aneurysms receiving endovascular coiling therapy were continuously recruited and randomly assigned to the CAMS and manual microcatheter shaping (MMS) groups. The investigated outcomes included the first-trial success rate, time to position the microcatheter in aneurysms, rate of successful microcatheter placement within 5 min, delivery times, microcatheter stability, and delivery performance.

Utility of serum macrophage migration inhibitory factor as a potential biomarker for detection of cerebrocardiac syndrome following severe traumatic brain injury.

Background: Cerebrocardiac syndrome (CCS) is a common complication after severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) and its occurrence obviously increases the risk of a poor outcome. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) acts as an inflammatory cytokine and its circulating concentration are related to acute heart and brain injury. The aim of this study was to examine the association of serum concentration of MIF with posttraumatic CCS.

Serum soluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 as a biomarker of delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective: Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) greatly contributes to the high morbidity and mortality of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) patients. Expression of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) was substantially raised in the basilar arterial wall of SAH rabbits. We attempted to ascertain the relationship between serum soluble LOX-1 (sLOX-1) levels and the occurrence of DCI after aSAH.

Serum soluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 concentrations and prognosis of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and its receptor, lectin-like ox-LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Expression of LOX-1 was substantially raised in the basilar arterial wall of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) rabbits. We ascertained the relationship between serum soluble LOX-1 concentrations and functional outcome after human aneurysmal SAH.

Mahanine induces apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, inhibition of cell migration, invasion and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway in glioma cells and inhibits tumor growth in vivo.

Gliomas are among the most frequent types of primary malignancies in the central nervous system. The main treatment for glioma includes surgical resection followed by a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Despite the availability of several treatments, the average survival for patients with glioma at advanced stages still remains 16 months only.

Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) Promotes Angiogenesis through the Demethylation of the Fibromodulin (FMOD) Promoter in Glioblastoma.

BACKGROUND Angiogenesis plays an important role in the progression of glioblastoma, with a high degree of malignancy. Previous studies have proved that glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and fibromodulin (FMOD) are strongly expressed in human glioblastoma. The purpose of this study was to explore the roles of GDNF and FMOD in angiogenesis and the molecular mechanisms underlying these roles in human glioblastoma.

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor levels in serum from patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage: Potential contribution to prognosis.

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) pathophysiology involves inflammation. Macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is related to prognosis of ischemic stroke. The aim of this study was to investigate whether serum MIF levels are associated with severity and outcomes in patients with acute ICH.

The impact of neuronal Notch-1/JNK pathway on intracerebral hemorrhage-induced neuronal injury of rat model.

Notch signaling is a highly conserved pathway that regulates cell fate decisions during embryonic development. Notch activation endangers neurons by modulating NF-κB and HIF-1α pathways, however, the role of Notch signaling in activating JNK/c-Jun following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has not been investigated. In this study, we used rat ICH models and thrombin-induced cell models to investigate the potential role of Notch-1/JNK signals.

Thioredoxin as a marker for severity and prognosis of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective: Circulating levels of thioredoxin (Trx), a potent anti-oxidant that modulates inflammation, cell growth and apoptosis, are increased in various critical care conditions. The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between serum Trx levels and prognosis of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).

Methods: An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measurement of Trx was performed in serum from 132 patients and 132 healthy volunteers.

The prognostic value of plasma soluble CD40 ligand levels following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background: Increased circulating soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) levels have been reported to be associated with severity and mortality of severe traumatic brain injury. The current study tested the hypothesis that elevated plasma sCD40L levels are predictive of clinical outcomes of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).

Methods: Plasma sCD40L concentrations of 120 aSAH patients and 120 healthy volunteers were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Identification of plasma adrenomedullin as a possible prognostic biomarker for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Increased plasma adrenomedullin levels have been reported in critically ill patients. This study tested the hypothesis that plasma adrenomedullin levels are significantly increased in patients with acute spontaneous aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, and are predictive of clinical outcomes. Plasma adrenomedullin levels from 120 adult patients with spontaneous aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and 120 healthy volunteers during the study period were evaluated.

Predictive value of phosphorylated axonal neurofilament subunit H for clinical outcome in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background: Phosphorylated axonal neurofilament subunit H (pNF-H) is a biomarker of axonal injury. We investigated whether plasma pNF-H concentrations were associated with 6-month clinical outcomes and early neurological deterioration (END) of patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage.

Methods: Plasma pNF-H concentrations of 112 patients and 112 healthy individuals were quantified by ELISA.