Advanced understanding of the polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs): Insights from total environment to intoxication.

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are brominated compounds connected by ester bonds between two benzene rings. There are 209 congeners of PBDEs, classified according to the number and position of the bromine atoms. Due to their low cost and superior flame retardant properties, PBDEs have been extensively used as flame retardants in electronic products, plastics, textiles, and other materials since the 1970s.

Structural Optimization of Isoquinoline Derivatives from Lycobetaine and Their Inhibitory Activity against Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer Cells.

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is a highly aggressive cancer that is resistant to hormone therapy and characterized by poor prognosis, as well as limited therapeutic options. Since the natural product lycobetaine was reported to exhibit good antitumor activities against various types of cancers, we initially simplified the scaffold of lycobetaine to obtain the active compound , an isoquinoline derivative with an aryl moiety substitution at the 4-position, which showed apparent antiproliferative activities against NPEC cell line LASCPC-01 in vitro. Subsequently, we carried out structural optimization and systematic structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies on compound , leading to the discovery of compound , which demonstrated potent inhibitory activities against the LASCPC-01 cell line with an IC value of 0.

Research advances on CaMKs-mediated neurodevelopmental injury.

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaMKs) are important proteins in the calcium signaling cascade response pathway, which can broadly regulate biological functions in vivo. Multifunctional CaMKs play key roles in neural development, including neuronal circuit building, synaptic plasticity establishment, and neurotrophic factor secretion. Currently, four familial proteins, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I (CaMKI), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K, popularly known as CaMKIII) and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CaMKIV), are thought to have been the most extensively studied during neurodevelopment.

Plasma proteome mediate the impact of PM on stroke: A 2-step Mendelian randomization study.

The objectives of this study were to measure the mediation effect of plasma proteins and to clarify their mediating role in the relationship between stroke risk and particulate matter 2.5 (PM) exposure. The possible mediating role of plasma proteins on the causative link between PM exposure and stroke incidence were examined using a two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) approach based on two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR).

The immune cells have complex causal regulation effects on cancers.

Background: There was a large body of evidence linking immune cells to cancer risk. However, the causal relationship between immune cells, cancer, and what genes play an important role is unclear.

Methods: In this study, we performed comprehensive two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis (TSMR) to determine the causal relationship between immune cells and common cancers.

[Differences in the Elderly Care Service Demand,Preference,and Tendency Between Urban and Rural Areas in the Pearl River Delta].

Objective To understand the differences in the demand,preference,and tendency for elderly care services between urban and rural areas in the Pearl River Delta (PRD),and to provide reference for the planning and balanced allocation of elderly care resources in urban and rural areas. Methods Using the multi-stage stratified random sampling method,we selected 7 community health service centers in 2 prefecture-level cities in the PRD and conducted a questionnaire survey on the elderly care service demand,preference,and tendency among 1919 regular residents aged 60 years and above who attended the centers. Results A total of 641 urban elderly residents (33.

Tumor necrosis factor mediates the impact of PM on bone mineral density: Inflammatory proteome Mendelian randomization and colocalization analyses.

To assess the causal effect of particulate matter 2.5 (PM) on human bone mineral density (BMD) and to explore the possible mechanism and proportion mediated by inflammation-related protein. The genetic correlation between PM and BMD was assessed using the Linkage Disequilibrium Score (LDSC), and the causal effect between PM and BMD was assessed by two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR).

Mendelian-randomization study reveals causal relationships between nitrogen dioxide and gut microbiota.

Exposure to nitrogen dioxide might potentially change the makeup and operation of gut microbes. Nitrogen dioxide data was procured from the IEU Open GWAS (N = 456 380). Subsequently, a two-sample Mendelian randomization study was executed, utilizing summary statistics of gut microbiota sourced from the most expansive available genome-wide association study meta-analysis, conducted by the MiBioGen consortium (N = 13 266).

Discovery of ()--(2-Amino-4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1-(3-(4-((dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)-6-oxopyridazin-1(6)-yl)ethyl)benzamide as Potent Class I Selective HDAC Inhibitor for Oral Anticancer Drug Candidate.

A novel series of benzamide derivatives were successively designed and synthesized prepared from the pyridazinone scaffold. Among them, ()-, demonstrated potent inhibitory activity toward human class I HDAC isoforms and human myelodysplastic syndrome (SKM-1) cell line. Also, ()- strongly increased the intracellular level of acetyl-histone H3 and P21 simultaneously and effectively induced G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

Significance of Melt Pool Structure on the Hydrogen Embrittlement Behavior of a Selective Laser-Melted 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel.

The hydrogen embrittlement (HE) behavior of a selective laser-melted (SLM) 316L austenitic stainless steel has been investigated by hydrogen charging experiments and slow strain rate tensile tests (SSRTs) at room temperature. The results revealed that compared to the samples without H, the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation (EL) of specimens were decreased from 572 MPa to 552 MPa and from 60% to 36%, respectively, after 4 h of electrochemical hydrogenation with a current density of 100 mA/cm. The negative effects of hydrogen charging were more pronounced on the samples' ductility than on their strength.

In-Hospital Emergency Treatment Delay Among Chinese Patients with Acute Ischaemic Stroke: Relation to Hospital Arrivals and Implications for Triage Pathways.

Introduction: Timely access to emergency treatment during in-hospital care phase is critical for managing the onset of acute ischaemic stroke (AIS), particularly in developing countries. We aimed to explore in-hospital emergency treatment delay and the relation of door-to-needle (DTN) time to ambulance arrivals vs walk-in arrivals.

Methods: Data were collected from 1276 Chinese AIS patients admitted to a general, tertiary-level hospital for intravenous thrombolysis.

Built environment influences on urban climate resilience: Evidence from extreme heat events in Macau.

Systematic understanding of climate resilience in the urban context is essential to improve the adaptive capacity in response to extreme weather events. Although the urban built environment affects climate resilience, empirical evidence on the associations between the built environment and urban climate resilience is rare in the literature. In this study, urban heat resilience (HR) is measured as the land surface temperature (LST) difference in a given urban area between normal and extreme heat event, and it further explores the impact of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) urban built environment features on HR.

Rapid Microstructure Homogenization of a Laser Melting Deposition Additive Manufactured Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si Alloy by Electropulsing.

The typical microstructure of the laser melting deposition (LMD) additive-manufactured Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.

Metabolomics analysis reveals four biomarkers associated with the gouty arthritis progression in patients with sequential stages.

Objectives: The gouty arthritis (GA) progression was multistage, yet the GA clinical diagnosis guidelines were more inclined to suitable for acute gouty arthritis (AGA), thus neglecting of the progress of GA. This study aimed to identify specific biomarkers that were competent for reflecting the progression of GA and attempted to provide evidence for seasonable intervention of appropriate clinical treatment.

Methods: A total of 547 patients with GA at sequential stages and healthy volunteers were divided into a training set (n = 347) and a validation set (n = 200).

Time Window for Acute Stroke Management: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Community Healthcare Practitioners in Primary Care.

Introduction: Time-to-treatment window is critical for managing acute ischaemic stroke. The community healthcare practitioners (CHPs) who deliver frontline care in the health system play an important role in stroke prevention and treatment.

Methods: A multi-stage sampling design was adopted in Guangdong province, China.

Spatial congruency or mismatch? Analyzing the COVID-19 potential infection risk and urban density as businesses reopen.

Countries worldwide are reopening their businesses despite the continuing COVID-19 crisis and the emergence of new variants. In this context, knowing whether the reopening of businesses at various locations exposes higher risk to the public is essential. Whether urban density correlates with the potential infection risk as concluded by previous studies of the COVID-19 pandemic remains unknown.

Fatigue and Fracture Behavior of a Cold-Drawn Commercially Pure Aluminum Wire.

Fatigue properties and cracking behavior of cold-drawn commercially pure aluminum wires (CPAWs) widely used as the overhead transmission conductors were investigated. It was found that the fracture surface of the CPAWs shows an obvious four-stage fracture characteristic, i.e.

The Association Between Physical Activity, Mental Status, and Social and Family Support with Five Major Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases Among Elderly People: A Cross-Sectional Study of a Rural Population in Southern China.

Background: Non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) have become the top threat in China. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of major NCDs among the elderly population in rural areas in southern China and explore its associated social determinants.

Methods: A multistage cluster random sampling methodology was adopted to select a total of 9245 rural elderly people from 3860 rural households in Guangdong Province.

A Comparison of Quality of Community Health Services Between Public and Private Community Health Centers in Urban China.

Background: This study was the first of its kind to evaluate and compare the quality of private and public community health centers (CHCs) in urban China.

Methods: A total of 2501 CHCs in 35 cities were chosen in 2011 using a multistage sampling method, and data on human resources, medical equipment and drug inventory were collected. A subset of 422 CHCs was randomly selected and 100 prescriptions from each CHCs were reviewed to evaluate prescribing practice.

The effect of essential medicines programme on rational use of medicines in China.

Objective: Irrational use of medicines is a serious problem in China and has been the primary target of China's national essential medicines programme (NEMP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the NEMP on rational use of medicines in China.

Methods: A nationwide sample of 3 76 700 prescriptions written by primary care providers from 2007 to 2011 was obtained following a multistage sampling process.

Tea consumption and the risk of depression: a meta-analysis of observational studies.

Objective: Whether tea consumption decreases the risk of depression remains controversial. We performed a meta-analysis of findings from observational studies to evaluate the association between tea consumption and depression risk.

Method: Embase, PubMed, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched from their inception through August 2014 for observational studies that had reported the association between tea consumption and depression risk.

Determinants of initial utilization of community healthcare services among patients with major non-communicable chronic diseases in South China.

Background: Although expected to act as gate-keeping primary care providers, as community health service (CHS) facilities are severely under-utilized; Chinese people in both rural and urban areas used predominantly higher-tier facilities for primary care purpose, with significant financial and outcome consequences. This study intends to explore the determinants of initial utilization of CHS among patients with major non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) in order to understand the care-seeking behavior among urban and rural residents in South China.

Methods: A multi-stage cluster random sampling methodology was adopted to create a sample of 19,466 adults with NCDs from 7,970 urban households and 32,035 adults with NCDs from 3,860 rural households in Guangdong, China.

Health-related quality of life and preferred health-seeking institutions among rural elderly individuals with and without chronic conditions: a population-based study in Guangdong Province, China.

The aim of this study was to examine health-related quality of life (HRQL) as measured by SF-36 and to identify these factors and the preferred health-seeking institutions of 12,800 persons aged 60 and older with and without chronic conditions in rural areas of Guangdong Province by multistage stratified cluster sampling method. HRQL among rural elderly subjects with chronic conditions was lower than that of elderly subjects with no chronic conditions. Multiple linear regression showed that marital status, living with children, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, cataract disease, and mental disease were the main affecting factors of HRQL.

Focus on vulnerable populations and promoting equity in health service utilization--an analysis of visitor characteristics and service utilization of the Chinese community health service.

Background: Community health service in China is designed to provide a convenient and affordable primary health service for the city residents, and to promote health equity. Based on data from a large national study of 35 cities across China, we examined the characteristics of the patients and the utilization of community health institutions (CHIs), and assessed the role of community health service in promoting equity in health service utilization for community residents.

Methods: Multistage sampling method was applied to select 35 cities in China.