Applicability of soil health assessment dominated by biological indicators in facility agriculture.

The minimum data set (MDS) is widely used for soil health index (SHI) assessment, with the selection of indicators being crucial. However, biological indicators are less frequently used compared to physical and chemical indicators. This study aimed to establish a biologically-centered MDS for assessing soil health in tomato facility agriculture in Ningbo.

gen. nov., sp. nov. and sp. nov., two acidophilic ammonia oxidising archaea isolated from acidic soil, and proposal of the new order ord. nov. within the class of the phylum .

Two obligately acidophilic, mesophilic and aerobic soil ammonia-oxidising archaea were isolated from a pH 4.5 arable sandy loam (UK) and pH 4.7 acidic sulphate paddy soil (PR China) and designated strains Nd1 and Nd2, respectively.

Straw return enhances grain yield and quality of three main crops: evidence from a meta-analysis.

Straw return is regarded as a widely used field management strategy for improving soil health, but its comprehensive effect on crop grain yield and quality remains elusive. Herein, a meta-analysis containing 1822 pairs of observations from 78 studies was conducted to quantify the effect of straw return on grain yield and quality of three main crops (maize, rice, and wheat). On average, compared with no straw return, straw return significantly (< 0.

Environmental risks in swine biogas slurry-irrigated soils: A comprehensive analysis of antibiotic residues, resistome, and bacterial pathogens.

Simple anaerobic digestion is insufficient to completely remove residual parent antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from animal manure. ARG prevalence in swine biogas slurry-irrigated soils threatens human health. However, comprehensive analysis of antibiotic residues, high-resolution resistance gene profiles, and pathogenic microbiomes in biogas slurry-irrigated soils is very limited.

Mineralization and microbial utilization of poly(lactic acid) microplastic in soil.

The current carbon dioxide (CO) evolution-based standard method for determining biodegradable microplastics (MPs) degradation neglects its priming effect on soil organic matter decomposition, which misestimates their biodegradability. Here, a C natural abundance method was used to estimate the mineralization of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) MP in various agricultural soils, and to trace its utilization in different microbial groups. In alkaline soils, the PLA-derived CO emissions increased with increasing soil carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratios, and the mineralization of PLA MP concentrations ranged from 3-33 %, whereas the CO evolution method probably over- or under-estimated the mineralization of PLA in alkaline soils with different soil C/N ratios.

Spatial-temporal variation and source analysis of heavy metals in different land use types in Beilun District (2015 and 2022).

The soil environment plays an important role in urban ecosystems. To study the heavy metal contamination of soil in Beilun District, Ningbo, we collected soil samples from 60 points in urban and peri-urban areas of Beilun District and analyzed the spatiotemporal variation and sources of heavy metal pollution in various land-use types. The results shown that the heavy metal contents in 2015 and 2022 were higher than the background soil values of Ningbo city, and there was an accumulation of heavy metals over these 7 years.

Microbiome analysis in Asia's largest watershed reveals inconsistent biogeographic pattern and microbial assembly mechanisms in river and lake systems.

Microorganisms are critical to the stability of aquatic environments, and understanding the ecological mechanisms of microbial community is essential. However, the distinctions and linkages across biogeographic patterns, ecological processes, and formation mechanisms of microbes in rivers and lakes remain unknown. Accordingly, microbiome-centric analysis was conducted in rivers and lakes in the Yangtze River watershed.

Polyvinyl chloride microplastics in the aquatic environment enrich potential pathogenic bacteria and spread antibiotic resistance genes in the fish gut.

Microplastics and antibiotics coexist in aquatic environments, especially in freshwater aquaculture areas. However, as the second largest production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in the world, the effects of co-exposure to microplastics particles and antibiotics on changes in antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) profiles and the microbial community structure of aquatic organism gut microorganisms are poorly understood. Therefore, in this study, carp (Cyprinus carpio) were exposed to single or combined PVC microplastic contamination and oxytetracycline (OTC) or sulfamethazine (SMZ) for 8 weeks.

N-DNA stable isotope probing reveals niche differentiation of ammonia oxidizers in paddy soils.

Chemoautotrophic canonical ammonia oxidizers (ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB)) and complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox Nitrospira) are accountable for ammonia oxidation, which is a fundamental process of nitrification in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the relationship between autotrophic nitrification and the active nitrifying populations during N-urea incubation has not been totally clarified. The N-labeled DNA stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) technique was utilized in order to study the response from the soil nitrification process and the active nitrifying populations, in both acidic and neutral paddy soils, to the application of urea.

Effects of different sizes of microplastic particles on soil respiration, enzyme activities, microbial communities, and seed germination.

Microplastics (MPs) are emerging pollutants of terrestrial ecosystems. The impacts of MP particle size on terrestrial systems remain unclear. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of six particle sizes (i.

The effect of the C abundance of soil microbial DNA on identifying labelled fractions after ultracentrifugation.

DNA-based stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) technology has been widely employed to trace microbes assimilating target substrates. However, the fractions with labelled universal genes are sometimes difficult to distinguish when detected by quantitative real-time PCR. In this experiment, three paddy soils (AQ, CZ, and NB) were amended with 0.

Hyperaccumulator extracts promoting the phytoremediation of rare earth elements (REEs) by Phytolacca americana: Role of active microbial community in rhizosphere hotspots.

The increased usage of rare earth elements (REEs) leads to the extensive exploitation of rare earth mines, and the REEs pollution in soil caused by the legacy mine tailings has brought great harm to environment and human health. Although Phytolacca americana can remove REEs from contaminated soil to some extent, there is still an urgent problem to improve its efficiency. Hyperaccumulator extract is a new organic material with potential in metal phytoextraction, but its role in REEs phytoremediation and the related underlying processes remain unclear.

The proliferation of beneficial bacteria influences the soil C, N, and P cycling in the soybean-maize intercropping system.

Soybean-maize intercropping system can improve the utilization rate of farmland and the sustainability of crop production systems. However, there is a significant gap in understanding the interaction mechanisms between soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) cycling functional genes, rhizosphere microorganisms, and nutrient availability. To reveal the key microorganisms associated with soil nutrient utilization and C, N, and P cycling function in the soybean-maize intercropping system, we investigated the changes in soil properties, microbial community structure, and abundance of functional genes for C, N, and P cycling under soybean-maize intercropping and monocropping at different fertility stages in a pot experiment.

Antimicrobial peptides: An alternative to antibiotic for mitigating the risks of Antibiotic resistance in aquaculture.

The utilization of antibiotics increases the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in various matrices and poses the potential risk of ARG transmission, garnering global attention. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a promising novel category of antimicrobials that may address the urgent issue of antibiotic resistance. Here, a zebrafish cultivation assay in which zebrafish were fed a diet supplemented with AMP (Cecropin A) or antibiotics was conducted to determine the effects of the intervention on the microorganisms and antibiotic resistance spectrum in zebrafish gut samples.

Manure application amplified the co-selection of quaternary ammonium disinfectant and antibiotic on soil antibiotic resistome.

Disinfectants and antibiotics are widely used for the prevention and control of bacterial infectious diseases. Frequent disinfection is thought to exacerbate antibiotic resistance. However, little is known about how disinfectants and antibiotics co-induce changes in the soil antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs).

Soil carbon and nitrogen cycles driven by iron redox: A review.

Soil carbon and nitrogen cycles affect agricultural production, environmental quality, and global climate. Iron (Fe), regarded as the most abundant redox-active metal element in the Earth's crust, is involved in a biogeochemical cycle that includes Fe(III) reduction and Fe(II) oxidation. The redox reactions of Fe can be linked to the carbon and nitrogen cycles in soil in various ways.

DNA-SIP delineates unique microbial communities in the rhizosphere of the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii which are beneficial to Cd phytoextraction.

Rhizo-microbe recruited by hyperaccumulating plants are crucial for the extraction of metals from contaminated soils. It is important, but difficult, to identify the specific rhizosphere microbes of hyperaccumulators shaped by root exudation. Continuous CO labeling, microbial DNA-based stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP), and high throughput sequencing were applied to identify those rhizosphere microorganisms using exudates from the Cd hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii.

Identification of functional microflora underlying the biodegradation of sulfadiazine-contaminated substrates by Hermetia illucens.

The increasing discharge of antibiotic residues into the natural environment, stemming from both human activities and animal farming, has detrimental effects on natural ecosystems and serves as a significant driving force for the spread of antibiotic resistance. Biodegradation is an important method for the elimination of antibiotics from contaminated substrates, but the identifying in situ microbial populations involved in antibiotic degradation is challenging. Here, DNA stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) was employed to identify active sulfadiazine (SDZ) degrading microbes in the gut of black soldier fly larvae (BSFLs).

Research progress in biological control of tomato bacterial wilt.

Bacterial wilt caused by the infection of , is one of the most harmful diseases to tomatoes, one of the most important greenhouse vegetables in China can survive and remain active in the deep soil for a long time, and the chemical control of tomato bacterial wilt is consequently limited. In this study, we introduced the characteristics of tomato bacterial wilt disease and the types of , and systematically reviewed the research progresses of biological control methods from the aspects of botanical insecticides, agricultural antibiotics, biocontrol bacteria. We emphatically introduced the principle and current status of these methods, discussed the limitations and the improvement strategies, and prospected a new environmental protection and efficient biological control system based on micro-ecological regulation would be the development direction of biological control of tomato bacterial wilt.

The translocation and fractionation of rare earth elements (REEs) via the phloem in Phytolacca americana L.

Rare earth elements (REEs) are considered to be emerging contaminants due to their widespread use and lack of recycling. Phytolacca americana L. has great potential for REEs phytoextraction.

Methanogenic and methanotrophic communities determine lower CH fluxes in a subtropical paddy field under long-term elevated CO.

Clarifying the effects of elevated CO concentration (e[CO]) on CH emissions from paddy fields and its mechanisms is a crucial part of the research on agricultural systems in response to global climate change. However, the response of CH fluxes from rice fields to long-term e[CO] (e[CO] duration >10 years) and its microbial mechanism is still lacking. In this study, we used a long-term free-air CO enrichment experiment to examine the relationship between CH fluxes and the methanogenic and methanotrophic consortia under long- and short-term e[CO].