The Activity of YCA1 Metacaspase Is Regulated by Reactive Sulfane Sulfur via Persulfidation in .

YCA1, the only metacaspase in , plays important roles in the regulation of chronological lifespan, apoptosis, and cytokinesis. YCA1 has protein hydrolase activity and functions by cleaving itself and target proteins. However, there are few reports about the regulation of YCA1 activity.

Using the sulfide-oxidizing bacterium Geobacillus thermodenitrificans to restrict HS release during chicken manure composting.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is a toxic gas massively released during chicken manure composting. Diminishing its release requires efficient and low cost methods. In recent years, heterotrophic bacteria capable of rapid HS oxidation have been discovered but their applications in environmental improvement are rarely reported.

Rhodobacteraceae methanethiol oxidases catalyze methanethiol degradation to produce sulfane sulfur other than hydrogen sulfide.

Unlabelled: Methanethiol (MT) is a sulfur-containing compound produced during dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) degradation by marine bacteria. The C-S bond of MT can be cleaved by methanethiol oxidases (MTOs) to release a sulfur atom. However, the cleaving process remains unclear, and the species of sulfur product is uncertain.

Microorganisms uptake zero-valent sulfur via membrane lipid dissolution of octasulfur and intracellular solubilization as persulfide.

Zero-valent sulfur, commonly utilized as a fertilizer or fungicide, is prevalent in various environmental contexts. Its most stable and predominant form, octasulfur (S), plays a crucial role in microbial sulfur metabolism, either through oxidation or reduction. However, the mechanism underlying its cellular uptake remains elusive.

A Zero-Valent Sulfur Transporter Helps Podophyllotoxin Uptake into Bacterial Cells in the Presence of CTAB.

Podophyllotoxin (PTOX) is naturally produced by the plant Podophyllum species. Some of its derivatives are anticancer drugs, which are produced mainly by using chemical semi-synthesis methods. Recombinant bacteria have great potential in large-scale production of the derivatives of PTOX.

A common mechanism for rapid transfer of zero-valent sulfur between microbial cells.

Zero-valent sulfur is accumulated in the cytoplasm of certain sulfur-oxidizing or reducing microorganisms. When these microorganisms are unable to metabolize zero-valent sulfur, they produce sulfur globules that mainly consist of octasulfur (S), a common species of elemental sulfur. The intracellular zero-valent sulfur was easily transferred to other bacteria and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae for metabolism.

The Rhodanese PspE Converts Thiosulfate to Cellular Sulfane Sulfur in .

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) and its oxidation product zero-valent sulfur (S) play important roles in animals, plants, and bacteria. Inside cells, S exists in various forms, including polysulfide and persulfide, which are collectively referred to as sulfane sulfur. Due to the known health benefits, the donors of HS and sulfane sulfur have been developed and tested.

Investigating the debrominations of a subset of brominated flame retardants by biogenic reactive sulfur species.

Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are persistent organic pollutants. Many bacteria are able to debrominate BFRs, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Herein, we discovered that reactive sulfur species (RSS), which have strong reductive activity and are commonly present in bacteria, might be one of the reasons leading to such ability.

The Pleiotropic Regulator AdpA Regulates the Removal of Excessive Sulfane Sulfur in .

Reactive sulfane sulfur (RSS), including persulfide, polysulfide, and elemental sulfur (S), has important physiological functions, such as resisting antibiotics in and and regulating secondary metabolites production in spp. However, at excessive levels it is toxic. cells may use known enzymes to remove extra sulfane sulfur, and an unknown regulator is involved in the regulation of these enzymes.

A sulfide-sensor and a sulfane sulfur-sensor collectively regulate sulfur-oxidation for feather degradation by Bacillus licheniformis.

Bacillus licheniformis MW3 degrades bird feathers. Feather keratin is rich in cysteine, which is metabolized to produce hazardous sulfide and sulfane sulfur. A challenge to B.

An Optimized Transformation Protocol for Escherichia coli BW3KD with Supreme DNA Assembly Efficiency.

DNA cloning requires two steps: the assembly of recombinant DNA molecules and the transformation of the product into a host organism for replication. High efficiencies in both processes can increase the success rate. Recently, we developed an Escherichia coli BW3KD strain with higher transformation efficiency than commonly used cloning strains.

Sulfane Sulfur Is an Intrinsic Signal for the Organic Peroxide Sensor OhrR of .

Sulfane sulfur, including organic persulfide and polysulfide, is a normal cellular component, and its level varies during growth. It is emerging as a signaling molecule in bacteria, regulating the gene regulator MarR in , MexR in , and MgrA of . They are MarR-family regulators and are often repressors for multiple antibiotic resistance genes.

A Caveat When Using Alkyl Halides as Tagging Agents to Detect/Quantify Reactive Sulfur Species.

Using alkyl halides to tag reactive sulfur species (RSSs) (HS, per/polysulfide, and protein-SSH) is an extensively applied approach. The underlying supposition is that, as with thiols, RSS reacts with alkyl halides via a nucleophilic substitution reaction. We found that this supposition is facing a challenge.

Optimization of a Method for Detecting Intracellular Sulfane Sulfur Levels and Evaluation of Reagents That Affect the Levels in .

Sulfane sulfur is a class of compounds containing zero-valent sulfur. Most sulfane sulfur compounds are reactive and play important signaling roles. Key enzymes involved in the production and metabolism of sulfane sulfur have been characterized; however, little is known about how to change intracellular sulfane sulfur (iSS) levels.

sp. PCC7002 Uses Peroxiredoxin to Cope with Reactive Sulfur Species Stress.

Cyanobacteria are a widely distributed group of microorganisms in the ocean, and they often need to cope with the stress of reactive sulfur species, such as sulfide and sulfane sulfur. Sulfane sulfur refers to the various forms of zero-valent sulfur, including persulfide, polysulfide, and element sulfur (S). Although sulfane sulfur participates in signaling transduction and resistance to reactive oxygen species in cyanobacteria, it is toxic at high concentrations and induces sulfur stress, which has similar effects to oxidative stress.

Engineered Nissle 1917 with urate oxidase and an oxygen-recycling system for hyperuricemia treatment.

Hyperuricemia is the second most prevalent metabolic disease to human health after diabetes. Only a few clinical drugs are available, and most of them have serious side effects. The human body does not have urate oxidase, and uric acid is secreted via the kidney or the intestine.

Sulfane Sulfur Posttranslationally Modifies the Global Regulator AdpA to Influence Actinorhodin Production and Morphological Differentiation of Streptomyces coelicolor.

The transcription factor AdpA is a key regulator controlling both secondary metabolism and morphological differentiation in . Due to its critical functions, its expression undergoes multilevel regulations at transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and translational levels, yet no posttranslational regulation has been reported. Sulfane sulfur, such as hydro polysulfide (HSH,  ≥ 2) and organic polysulfide (RSH,  ≥ 2), is common inside microorganisms, but its physiological functions are largely unclear.

BW25113 Competent Cells Prepared Using a Simple Chemical Method Have Unmatched Transformation and Cloning Efficiencies.

strains are usually used for cloning to prevent insert instability RecA-dependent recombination. Here, we report that BW25113 ( ) competent cells prepared by using a previously reported transformation and storage solution (TSS) had 100-fold or higher transformation efficiency than the commonly used cloning strains, including XL1-Blue MRF'. The cloning success rates with BW25113 were 440 to 1,267-fold higher than those with XL1-Blue MRF' when several inserts were assembled into four vectors by using a simple DNA assembly method.

Elemental Sulfur Inhibits Yeast Growth via Producing Toxic Sulfide and Causing Disulfide Stress.

Elemental sulfur is a common fungicide, but its inhibition mechanism is unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of elemental sulfur on the single-celled fungus and showed that the inhibition was due to its function as a strong oxidant. It rapidly entered .

Sulfane Sulfur Is a Strong Inducer of the Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Regulator MarR in .

Sulfane sulfur, including persulfide and polysulfide, is produced from the metabolism of sulfur-containing organic compounds or from sulfide oxidation. It is a normal cellular component, participating in signaling. In bacteria, it modifies gene regulators to activate the expression of genes involved in sulfur metabolism.

Rhodanese Rdl2 produces reactive sulfur species to protect mitochondria from reactive oxygen species.

Mitochondria damage is related to a broad spectrum of pathologies including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease, and carcinogenesis. Recently, it has been found that reactive sulfur species (RSS) has a close connection with mitochondrial health. However, the enzyme involving in mitochondrial RSS generation and the mechanism of how RSS affects mitochondrial health are not well understood.

Sulfide-quinone oxidoreductase is required for cysteine synthesis and indispensable to mitochondrial health.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is related to common age-related disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic syndrome, and carcinogenesis. Therefore, maintaining the functionality and integrity of mitochondria is important for human health. Herein, we found that sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase (Sqr), which oxidizes hydrogen sulfide to reactive sulfur species (RSS), was indispensable to mitochondria health in the eukaryotic model microorganism Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

Rhodanese RDL2 Uses the Arg Residue of the Active-Site Loop for Thiosulfate Decomposition.

Persulfide, polysulfide and thiosulfate are examples of sulfane sulfur containing chemicals that play multiple functions in biological systems. Rhodaneses are widely present in all three kingdoms of life, which catalyze sulfur transfer among these sulfane sulfur-containing chemicals. The mechanism of how rhodaneses function is not well understood.

Sulfane Sulfur Regulates LasR-Mediated Quorum Sensing and Virulence in PAO1.

Sulfane sulfur, such as inorganic and organic polysulfide (HS and RS, > 2), is a common cellular component, produced either from hydrogen sulfide oxidation or cysteine metabolism. In PAO1, LasR is a quorum sensing master regulator. After binding its autoinducer, LasR binds to its target DNA to activate the transcription of a suite of genes, including virulence factors.