Association between Body Mass Index and Medication-Overuse Headache among Individuals with Migraine: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Medication-overuse headache (MOH) is a secondary chronic headache disorder that occurs in individuals with a pre-existing primary headache disorder, particularly migraine disorder. Obesity is often combined with chronic daily headaches and is considered a risk factor for the transformation of episodic headaches into chronic headaches. However, the association between obesity and MOH among individuals with migraine has rarely been studied.

Headache attributed to giant cell arteritis complicated with rheumatic polymyalgia diagnosed with F18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography: a case report.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a kind of systemic vasculitis affecting individuals over 50 years old and is often the cause of new-onset headaches in older adults. Patients with GCA sometimes have rheumatic polymyalgia (PMR). The diagnosis of GCA generally depends on clinical manifestation, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) or C-reactive protein, and positive imaging findings commonly obtained by ultrasound or temporal artery biopsy.

Status of diagnosis and preventative treatment for primary headache disorders: real-world data of unmet needs in China.

Background: Headache disorders are widely prevalent and pose a considerable economic burden on individuals and society. Globally, misdiagnosis and inadequate treatment of primary headache disorders remain significant challenges, impeding the effective management of such conditions. Despite advancements in headache management over the last decade, a need for comprehensive evaluations of the status of primary headache disorders in China regarding diagnosis and preventative treatments persists.

The prevalence and clinical features of fibromyalgia in Chinese hospital patients with primary headache: The survey of fibromyalgia comorbid with headache.

Objective: The aims were to explore the prevalence and clinical features of fibromyalgia in Chinese hospital patients with primary headache.

Background: Studies done in non-Chinese populations suggest that around one-third of patients with primary headache have fibromyalgia, but data from mainland China are limited. Investigations into the prevalence and clinical features of fibromyalgia in Chinese patients with primary headache would improve our understanding of these two complex disease areas and help guide future clinical practice.

Cognitive Impairments and blood-brain Barrier Damage in a Mouse Model of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion.

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is commonly involved in various brain diseases. Tight junction proteins (TJs) are key components constituting the anatomical substrate of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Changes in cognitive function and BBB after CCH and their relationship need further exploration.

A Preliminary Study on Change of Serum Immunoglobulin G Glycosylation in Patients With Migraine.

Background And Objective: Migraine is a common neurological disease, but its pathogenesis is still unclear. Previous studies suggested that migraine was related to immunoglobulin G (IgG). We intended to analyze the immune characteristics of migraine from the perspective of IgG glycosylation and provide theoretical assistance for exploring its pathogenesis.

Total Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Burden on MRI Correlates With Cognitive Impairment in Outpatients With Amnestic Disorders.

The main markers of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) on MRI may be entered into a scoring system, with the total score representing the overall burden of cSVD. An association between total cSVD score and cognitive dysfunction has been reported in several cohorts. The present study aimed to investigate this association in outpatients with amnestic disorders.

Elevated Resting State Gamma Oscillatory Activities in Electroencephalogram of Patients With Post-herpetic Neuralgia.

In acute and ongoing pain, the spontaneous oscillatory activity of electroencephalogram (EEG) has been characterized by suppression of alpha band oscillations and enhancement of gamma band oscillations. In pathological chronic pain which is more severe and common in clinic practice, it is of great interest to investigate the oscillatory activity especially at the broad gamma frequency bands. Our present study explored the resting state oscillatory activities of EEG in patients with post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) over 3 months which is a typical neuropathic pain model in clinical researches.

Histidine Alleviates Impairments Induced by Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion in Mice.

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is one of the fundamental pathological causes of brain disease such as vascular dementia. Exploration of effective treatments for this is of great interest. Histidine has been reported to be effective in anti-apoptosis, antioxidant, and against excitotoxicity.

Extracting Neural Oscillation Signatures of Laser-Induced Nociception in Pain-Related Regions in Rats.

Previous studies have shown that multiple brain regions are involved in pain perception and pain-related neural processes by forming a functionally connected pain network. It is still unclear how these pain-related brain areas actively work together to generate the experience of pain. To get a better insight into the pain network, we implanted electrodes in four pain-related areas of rats including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and periaqueductal gray (PAG).

Astrocyte activation and capillary remodeling in modified bilateral common carotid artery occlusion mice.

Objective: The cerebral ischemia leads to brain dysfunction with neuron degeneration and responses from astrocytes and vessels. The aim of this study was to study the changes of astrocyte and microvessel in modified BCCAO mice.

Methods: Adult transgenic Tie2-GFP mice were subjected to modified BCCAO operation and cranial window implantation.

I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy for differentiation of Parkinson's disease from multiple system atrophy or essential tremor in Chinese population.

Objective: Clinical distinction of Parkinson's disease (PD) from multiple system atrophy (MSA) or essential tremor (ET) is sometimes difficult. The purpose of this study was to assess changes in cardiac sympathetic nerve function in PD, MSA, and ET by I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy METHODS: Patients with PD (25), MSA (18), or ET (11) and 10 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy was performed for each subject, and heart/mediastinum (H/M) ratios were calculated at two sample times (15min and 4h after the injection of I-MIBG), representing the I-MIBG myocardial uptake ratios.

Superior sagittal sinus thrombus secondary to occult meningioma: a case report.

A 58-year-old man presented with intermittent white flashes in both eyes during the past year. Six years earlier (2004), the patients received a diagnosis of superior sagittal sinus (SSS) thrombosis on the basis of elevated intracranial pressure and imaging findings, for example, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance venography, and cerebral angiography, and was treated with urokinase and anticoagulatants. Symptoms resolved and the patient remained well until March 2009, when intermittent white flashes started to occur in both the eyes.

Capillary remodeling and collateral growth without angiogenesis after unilateral common carotid artery occlusion in mice.

Objective: To clarify the mechanisms of blood flow restoration after major artery occlusion, we presented first dynamic changes in cortical vessel morphology observed through a cranial window in mice after unilateral common carotid artery (CCA) occlusion.

Methods: The density and diameter of capillaries, as well as diameters of pial arteries, were measured by confocal laser-scanning microscopy and fluorescent microscopy, respectively. Possible angiogenesis was evaluated by detecting any outgrowth of endothelial cells from pre-existing vessels or intussusception in Tie2-GFP mice.

Dominant expression of angiogenin in NeuN positive cells in the focal ischemic rat brain.

Angiogenin (ANG) is a potent angiogenic factor. The purposes of this study were to observe the change of the expression level of ANG and to identify the cell types that express ANG in the focal ischemic rat brain. The rat brain ischemia-reperfusion model was produced by a 2 h occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery with a nylon thread followed by reperfusion for 1 day, 3 days, 7 days or 14 days.

The kinetic change of the serum angiogenin level in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Serum angiogenin (ANG) levels were measured with ELISA in 30 cerebral infarction patients at different time points (within 48 h and on days 3, 7 and 14 after onset of cerebral infarction) and in 20 control subjects. Serum ANG levels in patients were 415.1 +/- 76.

Serial measurement of serum basic fibroblast growth factor in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has been reported to be involved in the pathophysiological changes following cerebral infarction. Basic fibroblast growth factor is upregulated in the brain and conduces to neuroprotection and angiogenesis in experimental brain ischemia, but the change of serum bFGF in cerebral infarction patients has not been reported. In the present study, we investigated the dynamic changes of serum bFGF in 30 patients with acute cerebral infarction and found that serum bFGF increased significantly after cerebral infarction compared with the control group (p<0.

Beta1-integrins are critical for cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation.

We have previously shown that mice with a CNS restricted knock-out of the integrin beta1 subunit gene (Itgb1-CNSko mice) have defects in the formation of lamina and folia in the cerebral and cerebellar cortices that are caused by disruption of the cortical marginal zones. Cortical structures in postnatal and adult Itgb1-CNSko animals are also reduced in size, but the mechanism that causes the size defect has remained unclear. We now demonstrate that proliferation of granule cell precursors (GCPs) is severely affected in the developing cerebellum of Itgb1-CNSko mice.