Highly Efficient Ru-VO/TiO Catalysts for Hydrodeoxygenation of Amides to Amines: The Promotion Effect of Monolayer Dispersed VO on Rutile TiO.

The hydrodeoxygenation of amide to amine is one of the most important amine synthetic approaches in chemical engineering. However, low amide reactivity and poor amine selectivity remain big challenges for catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of amides. Here, Ru-VO/TiO catalysts with different V/Ru atomic ratios were prepared with the sequential impregnation method.

Stability of MoS Nanocatalysts for the Slurry-Phase Catalytic Hydrogenation of Anthracene.

The stability of both the structure and activity of MoS nanocatalysts is crucial for minimizing the catalyst cost of the slurry-phase (SP) catalytic hydrogenation. MoS-GP and MoS-SP catalysts were, respectively, obtained by gas-phase (denoted as GP) and SP aging of fresh MoS catalysts. The MoS-SP catalyst demonstrated a comparable catalytic hydrogenation activity to that of the fresh MoS catalyst, which is about 1.

Constructing layer-by-layer self-assembly MoS/C nanomaterials by a one-step hydrothermal method for catalytic hydrogenation of phenanthrene.

Layer-by-layer self-assembly MoS/C nanomaterials are constructed through the electrostatic adsorption between MoS nuclei with positive charge and C nuclei with negative charge using a facile one-step hydrothermal method. The layer-by-layer self-assembly MoS/C catalysts with high exposure of catalytic hydrogenation active sites exhibit enhanced catalytic performance in phenanthrene hydrogenation.

Slurry-Phase Hydrogenation of Different Asphaltenes to Liquid Fuels on Dispersed MoS Nanocatalysts.

Asphaltene, the most complex and recalcitrant fraction of heavy oil, was investigated in this study to gain new insights into its structure and reactivity. Two types of asphaltenes, ECT-As and COB-As, were extracted from ethylene cracking tar (ECT) and Canada's oil sands bitumen (COB), respectively, and used as reactants for slurry-phase hydrogenation. Characterization of ECT-As and COB-As was carried out by a combination of techniques, including XRD, elemental analysis, simulated distillation, SEM, TEM, NMR, and FT-IR, to gain insights into their composition and structure.

Development and validation of a mutation-based model to predict immunotherapeutic efficacy in NSCLC.

Background: Immunotherapy has become increasingly important in the perioperative period of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we intended to develop a mutation-based model to predict the therapeutic effificacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with NSCLC.

Methods: Random Forest (RF) classifiers were generated to identify tumor gene mutated features associated with immunotherapy outcomes.

Interleukin-1α, interleukin-1β and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist share a common U-shaped recognition epitope on interleukin-1 receptor surface.

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) plays a central role in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. There are two forms of IL-1 agonists (IL-1α and IL-1β) and one form of IL-1 antagonist (IL-1Ra); they share a similar binding mode to the IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) but exhibit opposite biological functions on the receptor. In this study, the intermolecular interactions of IL-1R receptors with IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-1Ra ligands were systematically investigated at structural, energetic and dynamic levels.

Direct synthesis of shaped MgAPO-11 molecular sieves and the catalytic performance in -dodecane hydroisomerization.

In industrial application, molecular sieves are usually used in a certain shape. This requires the addition of binder and causes the reduction of both the molecular sieve content and catalytic performance. Herein, pseudo-boemite was mixed with deionized water at room temperature, followed by the drop-wise addition of phosphoric acid, magnesium acetate solution, hydrofluoric acid, di--propylamine and 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium bromide with vigorous stirring.

Interleukin-25 recognition by its unique receptor IL-17Rb via two discrete linear and cyclic epitopes.

Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a family of pro-inflammatory cytokines and has been involved in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The IL-17E, also known as IL-25, is a distinct member of this family that binds to its unique receptor IL-17Rb to induce the activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells. Here, we systematically examined the intermolecular recognition and association of IL-25 with IL-17Rb and demonstrated that the IL-25 primarily adopts two discrete linear and cyclic epitopes to interact with IL-17Rb.

Highly Effective Pd/MgO/γ-AlO Catalysts for CO Oxidative Coupling to Dimethyl Oxalate: The Effect of MgO Coating on γ-AlO.

The support of MgO/γ-AlO was initially prepared by a multiple impregnation method and Pd was placed on the surface of the MgO/γ-AlO support via incipient wetness impregnation. Pd/MgO/γ-AlO (Pd/MAO) catalysts were systematically characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), CO-temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), CO-Fourier transform infrared (CO-FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and tested in the CO oxidative coupling to dimethyl oxalate (DMO) reaction. Compared to Pd/γ-AlO, the catalytic activities of the Pd/MAO catalysts improved significantly.

Ionothermal Synthesis of MnAPO-SOD Molecular Sieve without the Aid of Organic Structure-Directing Agents.

An SOD-type metalloaluminophosphate molecular sieve (denoted as SOD-Mn) was ionothermally synthesized by introducing manganese(II) cations into the reaction mixture via MnO-acid or MnO2-reductant reactions. Composition and structure analyses results show that two kinds of manganese(II) cations exist in the SOD-Mn structure. Part of the manganese(II) cations isomorphously substitute the framework aluminum(III) with a substitution degree of ∼30%.

One-step synthesis of honeycomb-like AlPO4-11 macrostructures based on epitaxial growth and phase transformation mechanisms.

Honeycomb-like AlPO4-11 macrostructures built of hollow tubular arrays have been directly achieved in a eutectic mixture. A time-dependent study reveals that the formation process obeys in situ epitaxial growth and phase transformation mechanisms.

Synthesis of discrete aluminophosphate -CLO nanocrystals in a eutectic mixture.

Extra-large-pore aluminophosphate -CLO (i.e., DNL-1) nanocrystals were synthesized in a eutectic mixture composed of diethylamine hydrochloride (DEAC) and ethylene glycol (EG) with 1-methylimidazole (1-MIm) as an additional amine using both conventional and microwave heating.

One-step hydrotreatment of vegetable oil to produce high quality diesel-range alkanes.

A one-step hydrotreatment of vegetable oil combining deoxygenation and isomerization to directly produce low cloud point, high quality diesel is devised. The Pt/zeolite bifunctional catalysts prepared by using SAPO-11 and ZSM-22 zeolites as supports are used in this process. Catalytic reactions are conducted in a fixed-bed reactor under a hydrogen atmosphere.

Mixed template effect adjusted by amine concentration in ionothermal synthesis of molecular sieves.

Cationic templating of imidazolium adjusted by the amine concentration in an ionothermal system results in products with larger channels or cage-like structures by reassembling the inorganic hosts around the changed organic guests.

New insights into the role of amines in the synthesis of molecular sieves in ionic liquids.

A combination of state-of-the art in situ one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been employed for the first time to investigate the role of amines in the synthesis of aluminophosphate molecular sieves in ionic liquids (ILs). In situ rotating-frame nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (ROESY) was used to demonstrate that the hybrid of imidazolium ionic liquids with organic amines, such as morpholine, connected through a hydrogen bond can be formed in the gel during the crystallization of molecular sieves. By combining the characterizations of the final solid products obtained by using XRD analyses, solid-state NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and DFT calculation results, it was verified that the hybrid between morpholine and the imidazolium cation in the initial preparation stage can act as the structure-directing agent (SDA) for the synthesis of AFI-structured aluminophosphate molecular sieves.

Selective enrichment of endogenous peptides by chemically modified porous nanoparticles for peptidome analysis.

We report the development of a combined strategy for high capacity, comprehensive enrichment of endogenous peptide from complex biological samples at natural pH condition. MCM-41 nanoparticles with highly ordered nanoscale pores (i.e.

Effect of water on the ionothermal synthesis of molecular sieves.

AlPO4-11 and AlPO4-5 molecular sieves are ionothermally prepared without addition of water by using anhydrous starting materials, such as NH4H2PO4, pseudoboehmite (AlOOH), and NH4F. The synthesis appears to be an autocatalytic process. Water has a remarkable effect on the synthesis process.

Structure-directing role of amines in the ionothermal synthesis.

The structure-directing effect of amine has been observed in the ionothermal synthesis of aluminophosphate molecular sieves in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid. The seven different amines we tested have an influence on the crystallization dynamics and the final product, leading to the formation of pure AFI and ATV structures.