Prevention and alleviation of allergic rhinitis by oral administration of GOLDGUT-Lpc969.

Introduction: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a widespread upper airway disorder characterized by inflammation of the nasal passages. It is immunologically mediated via the hypersensitivity type I mechanism, which is primarily elicited by the immunoglobulin E (IgE)-linking allergen-induced imbalance of the Th2/Th1 immune response. Owing to the limited efficacy of current medications, probiotics have received attention for their potential in preventing and ameliorating AR.

TRIM32 reduced the recruitment of innate immune cells and the killing capacity of Listeria monocytogenes by inhibiting secretion of chemokines.

Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is a facultative, intracellular Gram-positive pathogenic bacterium that causes sepsis, a condition characterized by persistent excessive inflammation and organ dysfunction. However, the pathogenesis of Lm-induced sepsis is unknown. In this research, we discovered that TRIM32 is required for innate immune regulation during Lm infection.

Metagenomic and metabolomic analyses reveal synergistic effects of fecal microbiota transplantation and anti-PD-1 therapy on treating colorectal cancer.

Anti-PD-1 immunotherapy has saved numerous lives of cancer patients; however, it only exerts efficacy in 10-15% of patients with colorectal cancer. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a potential approach to improving the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy, whereas the detailed mechanisms and the applicability of this combination therapy remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the synergistic effect of FMT with anti-PD-1 in curing colorectal tumor-bearing mice using a multi-omics approach.

Intratumor Microbiome Analysis Identifies Positive Association Between and Survival of Chinese Patients With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas.

Human tumors harbor a plethora of microbiota. It has been shown that the composition and diversity of intratumor microbiome are significantly associated with the survival of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the association in Chinese patients as well as the effect of different microorganisms on inhibiting tumor growth are unclear.

The interaction between flagellin and the glycosphingolipid Gb3 on host cells contributes to acute infection.

is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause emetic or diarrheal foodborne illness. Previous studies have identified multiple pathogenic strains and characterized a variety of virulence factors. Here, we demonstrate that the virulence and lethality of for mammalian cells and host animals involve the interaction of flagellin proteins and the host-cell-surface-localized glycosphingolipid Gb3 (CD77, Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-Cer).

TRIM32 Drives Pathogenesis in Streptococcal Toxic Shock-Like Syndrome and Streptococcus suis Meningitis by Regulating Innate Immune Responses.

is an emerging zoonotic agent that causes streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (STSLS) and meningitis in humans, with high mortality and morbidity. The pathogenesis of both STSLS and central nervous system (CNS) infections caused by is not well understood. TRIM32, a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family, has been reported to regulate host inflammatory responses.

Genomic epidemiological investigation of a Streptococcus suis outbreak in Guangxi, China, 2016.

In June 2016, a Streptococcus suis outbreak occurred in Guangxi, China. We determined the genetic characteristics of six clinically isolated strains by serotyping, PCR, and whole-genome sequencing, performing genome epidemiology analysis on these and 961 public available S. suis genomes.

S100A4 contributes to colitis development by increasing the adherence of Citrobacter rodentium in intestinal epithelial cells.

S100A4 has been implicated in cancer and several inflammatory diseases, but its role in inflammatory bowel disease has not been well investigated. Here, upon infection with Citrobacter rodentium, a model for enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infection in humans, induced the infiltration of a large number of S100A4 cells into the colon in wild type (WT) mice. Deficiency of S100A4 reduced weight loss, bacterial colonization and colonic pathology.

Interaction of factor H-binding protein of Streptococcus suis with globotriaosylceramide promotes the development of meningitis.

Streptococcus suis is an important emerging zoonotic agent that causes acute bacterial meningitis in humans with high mortality and morbidity. Our previous work showed that factor H-binding protein (Fhb) contributed to virulence of S. suis, but the role of Fhb in the development of S.

Phenol-soluble modulin α4 mediates Staphylococcus aureus-associated vascular leakage by stimulating heparin-binding protein release from neutrophils.

Vascular leakage frequently occurs in patients with severe Staphylococcus aureus infection. However, the mechanism underlying S. aureus infection-induced vascular leakage remains unclear.

Structural basis of the interaction between the meningitis pathogen Streptococcus suis adhesin Fhb and its human receptor.

The recently identified Streptococcus suis adhesin factor H-binding protein (Fhb) targets the host cellular receptor glycolipid GbO3 through its N terminus. However, it is unclear how Fhb interacts with its receptor. Here, we determined the complex structure of factor H-binding protein receptor-binding domain (Fhb RBD) with Gb2, an analog of its receptor, revealing that Gb2 binds in a pocket of the β sandwich core domain.

Development of a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay for rapid detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-specific IgM in human serum specimens.

Early diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection is crucial for prompt treatment and good patient outcome. However, serological tests to detect MP rapidly and conveniently are still lacking. This study aimed to use the fluorescent dye Alexa Fluor® 647 as the detection marker to develop a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA) for detection of MP-specific IgM in serum specimen.

Preliminary investigation of human serum albumin-Vβ inhibition on toxic shock syndrome induced by staphylococcus enterotoxin B in vitro and in vivo.

Staphylococcus enterotoxin B (SEB) is a superantigen that can induce massive activation of T cells with specific Vβ and inflammatory cytokine cascades, which mediate shock. To date, no SEB vaccine has been developed for preventing toxic shock syndrome (TSS). Here, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of a fusion protein human serum albumin-Vβ (HSA-Vβ) on TSS induced by SEB.

Interaction of fibrinogen and muramidase-released protein promotes the development of Streptococcus suis meningitis.

Muramidase-released protein (MRP) is as an important virulence marker of Streptococcus suis (S. suis) serotype 2. Our previous works have shown that MRP can bind human fibrinogen (hFg); however, the function of this interaction in S.

[Correlation between Type IV secretion system component VirD4 and virulence for Streptococcus suis 2].

Objective: In order to study the role of SS2 Type IV Secretion System VirD4 in evasion of the host innate immune killing, we constructed a knockout mutant AVirD4. Then we studied its biological activity and virulence.

Methods: The two VirD4 flanking DNA sequences were amplified using genome of 05ZYH33 as template.

Toll-like receptor 4 confers inflammatory response to Suilysin.

Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) is an emerging human pathogen worldwide. A large outbreak occurred in the summer of 2005 in China. Serum samples from this outbreak revealed that levels of the main proinflammatory cytokines were significantly higher in patients with streptococcal toxic-shock-like syndrome (STSLS) than in patients with meningitis only.

Functional and Structural Characterization of the Antiphagocytic Properties of a Novel Transglutaminase from Streptococcus suis.

Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (Ss2) is an important swine and human zoonotic pathogen. In the present study, we identified a novel secreted immunogenic protein, SsTGase, containing a highly conserved eukaryotic-like transglutaminase (TGase) domain at the N terminus. We found that inactivation of SsTGase significantly reduced the virulence of Ss2 in a pig infection model and impaired its antiphagocytosis in human blood.

Identification and characterization of a serious multidrug resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain in China.

An S. maltophilia strain named WJ66 was isolated from a patient; WJ66 showed resistance to more antibiotics than the other S. maltophilia strains.

Real-time quantitative RT-PCR detection of circulating tumor cells from breast cancer patients.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) were recognized as novel tumor biomarker for prognostic and predictive purposes in various cancers. Various detection technologies and devices have been developed to enumerate and characterize CTCs. Most of those approaches are based on the positive enrichment strategy and immunocytological techniques.

Effect of licochalcone A on growth and properties of Streptococcus suis.

Streptococcus suis (S.suis) is an important emerging worldwide pig pathogen and zoonotic agent with rapid evolution of virulence and drug resistance. In this study, we wanted to investigate the effect of licochalcone A on growth and properties of Streptococcus suis.

Identification and cluster analysis of Streptococcus pyogenes by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.

Background: Whole-cell matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) has been successfully applied for bacterial identification and typing of many pathogens. The fast and reliable qualities of MALDI-TOF MS make it suitable for clinical diagnostics. MALDI-TOF MS for the identification and cluster analysis of Streptococcus pyogenes, however, has not been reported.

[Purification and biological activities analysis of streptococcus suis Serotype 2 suilysin].

Aim: To explore the purification methods of wild-type and recombinant suilysin and to evaluate their biological activities.

Methods: Wild-type suilysin was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, anion-exchange chromatography and hydrophobic chromatography in turn, while recombinant suilysin was first refolded and purified by immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography, and further purified by Thiopropyl Sepharose 6B. The biological activities were evaluated by hemolysis test, cytotoxicity assay.