Microbial Degradation of Tetracycline Antibiotics: Mechanisms and Environmental Implications.

The escalating global consumption of tetracyclines (TCs) as broad-spectrum antibiotics necessitates innovative approaches to mitigate their pervasive environmental persistence and associated risks. While initiatives such as China's antimicrobial reduction efforts highlight the urgency of responsible TC usage, the need for efficient degradation methods remains paramount. Microbial degradation emerges as a promising solution, offering novel insights into degradation pathways and mechanisms.

DreamAnime: Learning Style-Identity Textual Disentanglement for Anime and Beyond.

Text-to-image generation models have significantly broadened the horizons of creative expression through the power of natural language. However, navigating these models to generate unique concepts, alter their appearance, or reimagine them in unfamiliar roles presents an intricate challenge. For instance, how can we exploit language-guided models to transpose an anime character into a different art style, or envision a beloved character in a radically different setting or role? This paper unveils a novel approach named DreamAnime, designed to provide this level of creative freedom.

Can irisin be developed as the molecular evolutionary clock based on the origin and functions?

Irisin, a myokine identified in 2012, has garnered research interest for its capacity to induce browning of adipocytes and improve metabolic parameters. As such, the potential therapeutic applications of this exercise-induced peptide continue to be explored. Though present across diverse animal species, sequence analysis has revealed subtle variation in the irisin protein.

Learning an Interpretable Stylized Subspace for 3D-aware Animatable Artforms.

Throughout history, static paintings have captivated viewers within display frames, yet the possibility of making these masterpieces vividly interactive remains intriguing. This research paper introduces 3DArtmator, a novel approach that aims to represent artforms in a highly interpretable stylized space, enabling 3D-aware animatable reconstruction and editing. Our rationale is to transfer the interpretability and 3D controllability of the latent space in a 3D-aware GAN to a stylized sub-space of a customized GAN, revitalizing the original artforms.

Panel-Page-Aware Comic Genre Understanding.

Using a sequence of discrete still images to tell a story or introduce a process has become a tradition in the field of digital visual media. With the surge in these media and the requirements in downstream tasks, acquiring their main topics or genres in a very short time is urgently needed. As a representative form of the media, comic enjoys a huge boom as it has gone digital.

Center transfer for supervised domain adaptation.

Domain adaptation (DA) is a popular strategy for pattern recognition and classification tasks. It leverages a large amount of data from the source domain to help train the model applied in the target domain. Supervised domain adaptation (SDA) approaches are desirable when only few labeled samples from the target domain are available.

Transcriptome analysis of malate-induced sp. FJU-512 reveals a novel pathway for biosynthesis of docosahexaenoic acid with enhanced expression of genes responsible for acetyl-CoA and NADPH accumulation.

is one of the few oleaginous microalgae that produce docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich lipids. In this study, global changes in gene expression levels of sp. FJU-512 cultured with malate in a 15 l-bioreactor was analyzed using comparative transcriptomics.

Mechanosensitive Channels Mediate Hypoionic Shock-Induced Aminoglycoside Potentiation against Bacterial Persisters by Enhancing Antibiotic Uptake.

Improving the efficacy of existing antibiotics is a promising strategy for combating antibiotic-resistant/tolerant bacterial pathogens that have become a severe threat to human health. We previously reported that aminoglycoside antibiotics could be dramatically potentiated against stationary-phase Escherichia coli cells under hypoionic shock conditions (i.e.

Heterologous Expression of Macrollins from Phytopathogenic Revealed a Cytochrome P450 Mono-oxygenase in the Biosynthesis of β-Hydroxyl Tetramic Acid.

() is a crucial pathogenic fungus that can cause severe charcoal rot in economic crops and other plants. In this study, four new natural products, macrollins A-D, were discovered from by the strategy of heterologous expression. To our knowledge, macrollins are the first reported polyketide-amino acid hybrids from the plant pathogen.

Structural Insights into the -Acting Enoyl Reductase in the Biosynthesis of Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in .

Two long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), play vital roles in human health. Similarly, two biosynthetic pathways, based on desaturase/elongase and polyketide synthase, have been implicated in the synthesis of microbial LC-PUFA. Up to now, only several microalgae, no bacteria, have been used in the commercial production of oils rich in DHA and/or EPA.

Insights into the Inhibition of d-Alanine-d-Alanine Ligase by Integration of Kinetics and Structural Analysis.

, a pathogenic bacterium, is harmful to humans, domestic animals, and fishes and, moreover, of public health concern due to the emergence of multiple drug-resistant strains. The cell wall has been discovered as a novel and efficient drug target against bacteria, and d-alanine-d-alanine ligase (Ddl) is considered as an essential enzyme in bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. Herein, we studied the HBNUAh01 Ddl (Ddl) enzyme activity and kinetics and determined the crystal structure of Ddl/d-Ala complex at 2.

Genome mining and biosynthesis of the Acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor beauveriolide I and III in Cordyceps militaris.

Ascomycete fungi Cordyceps are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, and numerous investigations have been carried out to uncover their biological activities. However, primary researches on the physiological effects of Cordyceps were committed using crude extracts. At present, there are only a few compounds which were comprehensively characterized from Cordyceps, partial owing to the low production.

Perceptual-Aware Sketch Simplification Based on Integrated VGG Layers.

Deep learning has been recently demonstrated as an effective tool for raster-based sketch simplification. Nevertheless, it remains challenging to simplify extremely rough sketches. We found that a simplification network trained with a simple loss, such as pixel loss or discriminator loss, may fail to retain the semantically meaningful details when simplifying a very sketchy and complicated drawing.

Isolation and characterization of a new cytotoxic polyketide-amino acid hybrid from ATCC 42464.

Fungi are a rich source of novel anticancer compounds. Bioassay-guided isolation has led to the isolation of four polyketide-amino acid hybrid compounds with -fused decalin system from the fungus ATCC 42464 (= ATCC 42464): myceliothermophins A, B, E and F (-). The structure of the new compound (myceliothermophin F, compound ) was clearly determined by a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis and high-resolution electrospray ionisation mass spectroscopy (HRESIMS).

Characterization of the Specific Mode of Action of a Chitin Deacetylase and Separation of the Partially Acetylated Chitosan Oligosaccharides.

Partially acetylated chitosan oligosaccharides (COS), which consists of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and glucosamine (GlcN) residues, is a structurally complex biopolymer with a variety of biological activities. Therefore, it is challenging to elucidate acetylation patterns and the molecular structure-function relationship of COS. Herein, the detailed deacetylation pattern of chitin deacetylase from , CDA₂, was studied.

ClyJ Is a Novel Pneumococcal Chimeric Lysin with a Cysteine- and Histidine-Dependent Amidohydrolase/Peptidase Catalytic Domain.

is one of the leading pathogens that cause a variety of mucosal and invasive infections. With the increased emergence of multidrug-resistant , new antimicrobials with mechanisms of action different from conventional antibiotics are urgently needed. In this study, we identified a putative lysin (gp20) encoded by the phage SPSL1 using the LytA autolysin as a template.

Investigation of structure and function of mitochondrial alcohol dehydrogenase isozyme III from Komagataella phaffii GS115.

Background: Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) catalyze the reversible oxidation of alcohol using NAD or NADP as cofactor. Three ADH homologues have been identified in Komagataella phaffii GS115 (also named Pichia pastoris GS115), ADH1, ADH2 and ADH3, among which adh3 is the only gene responsible for consumption of ethanol in Komagataella phaffii GS115. However, the relationship between structure and function of mitochondrial alcohol dehydrogenase isozyme III from Komagataella phaffii GS115 (KpADH3) is still not clear yet.

Protein acetylation: an important mechanism in actinobacteria.

This is a commentary on the research article by Lu et al. recently published in The GCN5-like acetyltransferases with amino acid-binding (ACT)-GCN5-related N-acetyltransferase (GNAT) domain organization have been identified in actinobacteria by Lu et al. (2017).

Identification of a Novel Inhibitor against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.

The Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first isolated in 2012, and circulated worldwide with high mortality. The continual outbreaks of MERS-CoV highlight the importance of developing antiviral therapeutics. Here, we rationally designed a novel fusion inhibitor named MERS-five-helix bundle (MERS-5HB) derived from the six-helix bundle (MERS-6HB) which was formed by the process of membrane fusion.

Molecular characterization of the hydroxylase HmtN at 1.3 Å resolution.

Himastatin is a novel antibiotic with antitumor and antibacterial activity. In the himastatin biosynthesis pathway, HmtN is responsible for the hydroxylation of the piperazic acid (Pip) motif. Herein, we present the crystal structures of HmtN (1.

Structural analysis of SgvP involved in carbon-sulfur bond formation during griseoviridin biosynthesis.

Unlabelled: Griseoviridin (GV) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic with antibacterial and antifungal activity. In the GV biosynthetic pathway, SgvP catalyzes formation of the carbon-sulfur bond in GV. Herein, we report the recombinant expression and characterization of SgvP from Streptomyces griseoviridis NRRL2427.

A novel chimeric lysin with robust antibacterial activity against planktonic and biofilm methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most threatening pathogens due to its multi-drug resistance (MDR) and strong biofilm-forming capacity. Here, we described the screening of a novel chimeolysin (ClyF) that was active against planktonic and biofilm MRSA. Biochemical tests showed that ClyF was active against all S.

A Two-Phase Space Resection Model for Accurate Topographic Reconstruction from Lunar Imagery with PushbroomScanners.

Exterior orientation parameters' (EOP) estimation using space resection plays an important role in topographic reconstruction for push broom scanners. However, existing models of space resection are highly sensitive to errors in data. Unfortunately, for lunar imagery, the altitude data at the ground control points (GCPs) for space resection are error-prone.

Structural Insight of a Trimodular Halophilic Cellulase with a Family 46 Carbohydrate-Binding Module.

Cellulases are the key enzymes used in the biofuel industry. A typical cellulase contains a catalytic domain connected to a carbohydrate-binding module (CBM) through a flexible linker. Here we report the structure of an atypical trimodular cellulase which harbors a catalytic domain, a CBM46 domain and a rigid CBM_X domain between them.

Characterization of the fusion core in zebrafish endogenous retroviral envelope protein.

Zebrafish endogenous retrovirus (ZFERV) is the unique endogenous retrovirus in zebrafish, as yet, containing intact open reading frames of its envelope protein gene in zebrafish genome. Similarly, several envelope proteins of endogenous retroviruses in human and other mammalian animal genomes (such as syncytin-1 and 2 in human, syncytin-A and B in mouse) were identified and shown to be functional in induction of cell-cell fusion involved in placental development. ZFERV envelope protein (Env) gene appears to be also functional in vivo because it is expressible.