Gut bacterial community diversity in Carposina sasakii and Grapholitha molesta.

To clarify the community structure and diversity of larval gut bacteria in Carposina sasakii and Grapholitha molesta, the V4 regions of the 16S rDNA genes of intestinal bacteria of C. sasakii and G. molesta larvae which fed by golden delicious apple, were amplified and sequenced by Illumina HiSeq technique.

Sublethal Concentration of Beta-Cypermethrin Influences Fecundity and Mating Behavior of Carposina sasakii (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae) Adults.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sublethal effects of the beta-cypermethrin on calling behavior and fecundity of a major fruit-boring pest of apple, Carposina sasakii Matsumura. The mating rate, fertility (total number of eggs laid per female), and adult longevity of adults were remarkably decreased as compared with that in control when the adults were exposed to 10% lethal concentrations (LC10) of beta-cypermethrin (LC10♀ × LC10♂), and the age-specific survival rate (lx) was also negatively affected by sublethal beta-cypermethrin especially for the LC10♀× LC10♂ mating combination. However, the age-specific fecundity (mx) was stimulated particularly in the combination of CK♀× LC10♂.

[Influence of relative humidity on the Adoxophyes orana experimental population].

In order to explore the effects of relative humidity (RH) on the population growth of summer fruit tortrix moth Adoxophyes orana, the development, survival, fecundity and longevity of A. orana were assessed at 6 different constant humidities (40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and 90%), (25 +/- 1) degrees C and a photoperiod of 12L:12D in the laboratory. The results showed that immature developmental time was gradually shortened with the increasing humidity at 40%-90% RH, ranged from 30.

Age-stage two-sex life tables of Panonychus ulmi (Acari: Tetranychidae), on different apple varieties.

To understand the influence of different apple varieties on the development and reproduction of the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae), age-stage two-sex life tables of P. ulmi on 'Fuji,' 'Starkrimson Delicious,' 'Golden Delicious,' and 'Granny Smith' varieties were constructed under laboratory conditions at 23 +/- 1 degrees C, 75 +/- 5% relative humidity, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) h. Results showed that total development time of immature females was shorter on Fuji than on the other varieties, and this was because of its shorter egg duration.

[Host preference and fitness of aphis citricola (Hemiptera: Aphididae) to mature and young apple leaves].

In order to understand the differences of Aphis citricola in its original and final selectivity to the apple leaves with different leaf age, and to ascertain the effects of mature and young apple leaves on the growth and development, survival, and fecundity of A. citricola, this paper studied the host preference of A. citricola to mature and young apple leaves, with the related age-stage two-type life tables constructed.

[Spatial distribution pattern and time series dynamics of Panonychus ulmi Koch in an apple orchard of Liaoning Province, Northeast China].

Panonychus ulmi Koch is one of the important pest insects of apple production in China. To clarify the spatiotemporal dynamics of P. ulmi on the apple tree crowns in an apple orchard of Liaoning, Northeast China, an investigation with random sampling was conducted on the pest mite number at each direction and each layer of the crowns in the whole growth season from May to November 2007.