Integrated agronomic, physiological, microstructure, and whole-transcriptome analyses reveal the role of biomass accumulation and quality formation during Se biofortification in alfalfa.

Se-biofortified agricultural products receive considerable interest due to the worldwide severity of selenium (Se) deficiency. Alfalfa ( L.), the king of forage, has a large biomass, a high protein content, and a high level of adaptability, making it a good resource for Se biofortification.

Triple-kernel gated attention-based multiple instance learning with contrastive learning for medical image analysis.

In machine learning, multiple instance learning is a method evolved from supervised learning algorithms, which defines a "bag" as a collection of multiple examples with a wide range of applications. In this paper, we propose a novel deep multiple instance learning model for medical image analysis, called triple-kernel gated attention-based multiple instance learning with contrastive learning. It can be used to overcome the limitations of the existing multiple instance learning approaches to medical image analysis.

Integrated eco-physiological, biochemical, and molecular biological analyses of selenium fortification mechanism in alfalfa.

Foliar Se (IV) application at 100 mg/kg can act as a positive bio-stimulator of redox, photosynthesis, and nutrient metabolism in alfalfa via phenotypes, nutritional compositions, biochemistry, combined with transcriptome analysis. Selenium (Se) is an essential element for mammals, and plants are the primary source of dietary Se. However, Se usually has dual (beneficial/toxic) effects on the plant itself.

Transcriptome analysis revealed accumulation-assimilation of selenium and physio-biochemical changes in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) leaves.

Background: Selenium (Se) is an increasing concern for investigators predominantly because of its consumption in the human body mainly from crops. As the fourth largest plant crop globally, alfalfa is one of the most important forages. Alfalfa was fertilized with selenium(IV) (Se(IV)) under field conditions to study the accumulation and assimilation of Se(IV) and to assess the impact of Se fertilization.

Relative contribution of environmental medium and internal organs to lead accumulation of wheat grain.

Lead (Pb) pollution in wheat has received considerable research attention globally due to its persistence and ease of accumulation, posing severe health risks to humans. This study explored the relative contribution of the environmental medium (atmospheric deposition and soil) and wheat internal organs to Pb accumulation in wheat grains, using field experiments by contrasting treatments. The concentration and bioavailability of Pb in the soil were significantly lower than those of atmospherically deposited Pb (P < 0.

Comparative proteomics analysis of the responses to selenium in selenium-enriched alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) leaves.

The mass of leaves and the chlorophyll and selenium content of alfalfa can be increased by the foliar spraying of selenite. To better understand the relationship between changes in the expression of specific proteins and the various metabolic and regulatory pathways affected by selenium treatment, labeling with Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) was used as a proteomics technique to compare control leaves with those enriched with Se. A total of 8,411 proteins were identified, the expression levels of 195 of which were significantly modified, 67 significantly up-regulated and 128 significantly down-regulated.

A methodology study on chemical and molecular structure imaging in modified forage leaf tissue with cutting-edge synchrotron-powered technology (SR-IMS) as a potential research tool.

To date there is no any study on imaging molecular chemistry and chemical structure of biotech-modified plant tissue on a molecular basis. The objective of this methodology study was to apply a non-invasive and non-destructive synchrotron powered technology - SR-IMS to image molecular chemistry of the modified forage leaf tissue. The infrared molecular vibrational microspectroscopy powered with synchrotron light at Advanced Light Source (ALS, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California, Dept.

Dissolution of kaolinite induced by citric, oxalic, and malic acids.

Kaolinite is a dominant clay mineral in the soils in tropical and subtropical regions, and its dissolution has an influence on a variety of soil properties. In this work, kaolinite dissolution induced by three kinds of low-molecular-weight organic acid, i.e.