Inhibition of Glycolysis Alleviates Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Induced Neuroinflammation and Depression-like Behavior.

Background: Growing evidence suggests that glucose metabolism plays a crucial role in activated immune cells, significantly contributing to the occurrence and development of neuroinflammation and depression-like behaviors. Chronic stress has been reported to induce microglia activation and disturbances in glucose metabolism in the hippocampus.

Aims: This study aims to investigate how chronic stress-mediated glycolysis promotes neuroinflammation and to assess the therapeutic potential of the glycolysis inhibitor, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), in a model of chronic stress-induced neuroinflammation and depression-like behavior.

Exfoliated Porous Carbon Nitride by Simultaneous Oxidation-Corrosion for Photocatalytic HO Production and Organic Degradation.

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) is a fascinating material with potential applications in photocatalysis due to its good chemical stability, high thermal stability, and relative ease of synthesis. In this work, ultrathin g-CN is constructed using a hybridized method, which combines the advantages of thermal and liquid-phase stripping methods. This sample can improve performance in degrading organic pollutants several times, and the highest enhancement efficiency occurs in an alkaline environment.

Achieving broadband near-infrared emission with superior anti-thermal quenching by optimizing the excited-state population of Cr in GdScGaO garnet phosphors.

Cr-activated garnet phosphors with broadband near-infrared (NIR) emission have attracted considerable interest due to their high quantum efficiency (QE) and thermal stability for widespread advanced applications. Nevertheless, how to achieve energy-saving broadband NIR phosphors that possess anti-thermal quenching (anti-TQ) without compromising the high QE has yet to be fully addressed. Herein, we report on site reconstruction within the garnet lattice by strategically positioning Sc and Ga atoms into octahedral B sites with a mole ratio of 1 : 1 to produce GdScGaO.

Multifunctional Near-Infrared Phosphors Cr/Ni Codoped MgGaGeO Based on Energy Transfer from Cr to Ni.

Currently, near-infrared (NIR) light-emitting materials have been widely used in many fields, such as night vision, bioimaging, and nondestructive analysis. However, it is difficult to achieve multifunction in certain NIR light emitting phosphor. Herein, we propose a new near-infrared phosphor MgGaGeO:Cr,Ni that can be applied to at least three fields, i.

Sandwiched WS/MoTe/WS Heterostructure with a Completely Depleted Interlayer for a Photodetector with Outstanding Detectivity.

Photodetectors based on two-dimensional van der Waals (2D vdW) heterostructures with high detectivity and rapid response have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation imaging applications. However, the practical application of currently studied 2D vdW heterostructures faces challenges related to insufficient light absorption and inadequate separation of photocarriers. To address these challenges, we present a sandwiched WS/MoTe/WS heterostructure with a completely depleted interlayer, integrated on a mirror electrode, for a highly efficient photodetector.

The Neurocomputational Mechanism Underlying Decision-Making on Unfairness to Self and Others.

Fairness is a fundamental value in human societies, with individuals concerned about unfairness both to themselves and to others. Nevertheless, an enduring debate focuses on whether self-unfairness and other-unfairness elicit shared or distinct neuropsychological processes. To address this, we combined a three-person ultimatum game with computational modeling and advanced neuroimaging analysis techniques to unravel the behavioral, cognitive, and neural patterns underlying unfairness to self and others.

Activation of the Photosensitive Potential of 2D GaSe by Interfacial Engineering.

Two-dimensional (2D) gallium selenide (GaSe) holds great promise for pioneering advancements in photodetection due to its exceptional electronic and optoelectronic properties. However, in conventional photodetectors, 2D GaSe only functions as a photosensitive layer, failing to fully exploit its inherent photosensitive potential. Herein, we propose an ultrasensitive photodetector based on out-of-plane 2D GaSe/MoSe heterostructure.

Asymmetric XMoGeY (X = S, Se, Te; Y = N, P, As) monolayers as potential flexible materials for nano piezoelectric devices and nanomedical sensors.

Highly efficient nano piezoelectric devices and nanomedical sensors are in great demand for high-performance piezoelectric materials. In this work, we propose new asymmetric XMoGeY (X = S, Se, Te; Y = N, P, As) monolayers with excellent piezoelectric properties, dynamic stability and flexible elastic properties. The piezoelectric coefficients () of XMoGeY monolayers range from 2.

Emerging ferroelectric materials ScAlN: applications and prospects in memristors.

The research found that after doping with rare earth elements, a large number of electrons and holes will be produced on the surface of AlN, which makes the material have the characteristics of spontaneous polarization. A new type of ferroelectric material has made a new breakthrough in the application of nitride-materials in the field of integrated devices. In this paper, the application prospects and development trends of ferroelectric material ScAlN in memristors are reviewed.

Pressure-induced novel ZrN semiconductor materials with high dielectric constants: a first-principles study.

In addition to ZrN and ZrN compounds, zirconium nitrides with a rich family of phases always exhibit metal phases. By employing an evolutionary algorithm approach and first-principles calculations, we predicted seven novel semiconductor phases for the ZrN system at 0-150 GPa. Through calculating phonon dispersions, we identified four dynamically stable semiconductor structures under ambient pressure, namely, α-1̄, β-1̄, γ-1̄, and β-1 (with bandgaps of 1.

Pressure-Induced Phase Diagram and Electronic Structure Evolves during the Insulator-Metal Transition of Bulk BiFeO.

BiFeO is the most widely known multiferroic at room temperature, possessing both ferroelectricity and antiferromagnetism. It has high Curie temperature and Néel temperature, i.e.

Activating HfX (X = S, Se and Te) for the hydrogen evolution reaction by introducing defects: a first-principles study.

An ideal catalyst should have a relative hydrogen adsorption Gibbs free energy (Δ) close to zero [J. K. Nørskov, , 2005, , J23].

Motif-Based Exploration of Halide Classes of LiM1M2X Conductors Using the DFT Method: Toward High Li-Ion Conductivity and Improved Stability.

The development of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (ASSLIBs) is highly dependent on solid-state electrolyte (SSEs) performance. However, current SSEs cannot satisfactorily meet the requirements for high interfacial stability and Li-ion conductivity, especially under high-voltage cycling conditions. To overcome the intractable problems, we theoretically develop the chemistry of structural units to build a series of MX-unit mixed framework LiM1M2X (total 184 halides) for use as SSEs and recommend six halide candidates that combine the (electro)chemical stability with a low Li-ion migration barrier.

Layered Li-Co-B as a Low-Potential Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

An anode material is one of the key factors affecting the capacity, cycle, and rate (fast charge) performance of lithium-ion batteries. Using the adaptive genetic algorithm, we found a new ground-state LiCoB and two metastable states LiCoB and LiCoB in the Li-Co-B system. The LiCoB phase is a lithium-rich layered structure, and it has an equivalent lithium-ion migration barrier (0.

Integration of Self-Passivated Topological Electrodes for Advanced 2D Optoelectronic Devices.

With the rapid development of two-dimensional semiconductor technology, the inevitable chemical disorder at a typical metal-semiconductor interface has become an increasingly serious problem that degrades the performance of 2D semiconductor optoelectronic devices. Herein, defect-free van der Waals contacts have been achieved by utilizing topological Bi Se as the electrodes. Such clean and atomically sharp contacts avoid the consumption of photogenerated carriers at the interface, enabling a markedly boosted sensitivity as compared to counterpart devices with directly deposited metal electrodes.

Prediction of the hardest BiFeO from first-principles calculations.

BiFeO is the only material with ferroelectric Curie temperature and Néel temperature higher than room temperature, making it one of the most well-studied multiferroic materials. Based on an evolutionary algorithm, we predicted a new cubic C-type antiferromagnetic structure (3̄-BiFeO) at ambient pressure. It was found that 3̄-BiFeO is the hardest BiFeO (Vickers hardness ∼ 9.

Simultaneous Oxidative Cleavage of Lignin and Reduction of Furfural via Efficient Electrocatalysis by P-Doped CoMoO.

Electrochemical oxidative lignin cleavage and coupled 2-furaldehyde reduction provide a promising approach for producing high-value added products. However, developing efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts with noble-metal-like activity still remains a challenge. Here, an efficient electrochemical strategy is reported for the selective oxidative cleavage of C -C bonds in lignin into aromatic monomers by tailoring the electronic structure through P-doped CoMoO spinels (99% conversion, highest monomer selectivity of 56%).

High-Performance and Polarization-Sensitive Imaging Photodetector Based on WS /Te Tunneling Heterostructure.

Next-generation imaging systems require photodetectors with high sensitivity, polarization sensitivity, miniaturization, and integration. By virtue of their intriguing attributes, emerging 2D materials offer innovative avenues to meet these requirements. However, the current performance of 2D photodetectors is still below the requirements for practical application owing to the severe interfacial recombination, the lack of photoconductive gain, and insufficient photocarrier collection.

Defect-Induced Ultrafast Nonadiabatic Electron-Hole Recombination Process in PtSe Monolayer.

Defects are inevitable in two-dimensional materials due to the growth condition, which results in many unexpected changes in materials' properties. Here, we have mainly discussed the nonradiative recombination dynamics of PtSe monolayer without/with native point defects. Based on first-principles calculations, a shallow p-type defect state is introduced by a Se antisite, and three n-type defect states with a double-degenerate shallow defect state and a deep defect state are introduced by a Se vacancy.

High-Throughput Screening of Strong Electron-Phonon Couplings in Ternary Metal Diborides.

We perform a high-throughput screening on phonon-mediated superconductivity in a ternary metal diboride structure with alkali, alkaline earth, and transition metals. We find 17 ground states and 78 low-energy metastable phases. From fast calculations of zone-center electron-phonon coupling, 43 compounds are revealed to show electron-phonon coupling strength higher than that of MgB.

Accurately Controlling the Occupation of Eu in Cs(K, Na)(LiSiO) to Achieve Narrow-Band Green Emission for Wide Color Gamut Displays.

The development of narrow-band phosphors for wide color gamut displays in multimodal phosphors through selective site occupancy engineering is an important challenge. In this work, by replacing Na ions with K ions in the cyan-green double-band emitting phosphor CsKNa(LiSiO): 10%Eu, the occupation of Eu in Cs(K, Na)(LiSiO) was accurately controlled from occupying three sites of Cs, K1, and Na to occupying only one site of K2/Na. The obtained phosphor CsKNa(LiSiO): 10%Eu exhibits a single narrow-band green emission at 531 nm (the full width at half-maximum of 46 nm) with excellent thermal stability of luminescence from 80 to 523 K (96.

Lignin-derived carbon-supported MoC-FeNi heterostructure as efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction.

Developing noble-metal-free electrocatalysts for efficient oxygen evolution reactions (OER) is urgently desired to obtain green hydrogen by water electrolysis. Coupling FeNi catalysts with other transition metals is an effective strategy to improve the OER performance, but the electronic structure regulation of the catalytic center is challenging. Herein, heterostructures catalyst composed of MoC and FeNi alloy embedded in N-doped biochar (denoted as MoC-FeNi@NLC) was in situ synthesized by pyrolysis of lignin-metals coordination complex.

Semiconductors with a chiral crystal structure in group IVB transition metal pernitrides.

Group IVB transition metal (TM) nitrides rarely exhibit the semiconductor phase, except for TMN (TM = Ti, Zr, and Hf) compounds. In this study, using the calculations based on density functional theory, we report two chiral crystal structures, namely 321 and 321, of TMN, which are dynamically stable at ambient pressure. Unlike conventional metal phases of transition metal dinitrides, the 321 and 321 configurations exhibit intriguing semiconductor properties (with bandgaps of 1.

Intrinsic type-II van der Waals heterostructures based on graphdiyne and XSSe (X = Mo, W): a first-principles study.

Typical transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and graphdiyne (GDY) often form type-I heterojunctions, which will limit their applications in optoelectronic devices. Here, type-II heterojunctions based on GDY and TMDs are constructed by introducing Janus structures. An intrinsic type-II heterojunction is presented when the GDY is in contact with a Se-terminated layer, but a type-I heterojunction would appear when it is in contact with the S-terminated surface.