Does diabetes modify the triglyceride-glucose index associated with cardiovascular events and mortality? A meta-analysis of 50 cohorts involving 7,239,790 participants.

Introduction: Previous studies highlighted the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes. However, whether diabetes affects TyG-cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the TyG index and CVD risk, stratified by diabetes status, as well as the potential modifying effect of diabetic status.

Causal role of ischemic heart disease in ovarian cancer subtypes.

Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) may share biological mechanisms with cancer, including ovarian cancer, through pathways such as chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the relationship between IHD and ovarian cancer subtypes remains unclear. This study used Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore potential causal associations.

Clinical value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with quantitative analysis in Bosniak ≥ II cystic renal masses.

Objective: The 2019 Bosniak classification has improved the precise and detailed quantitative evaluation criteria, making the diagnosis of cystic renal masses (CRMs) more accurate and objective. This study addresses the clinical value of quantitative analysis and aims to investigate the feasibility of combining contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with quantitative analysis for diagnosing Bosniak ≥ II CRMs.

Methods: We retrospectively obtained 58 CRMs with confirmed pathology, which underwent CEUS and Contrast-enhanced computer tomography (CECT) evaluations according to Bosniak classification between January 2013 and August 2024.

Sex differences in the association of dietary inflammatory index with chronic kidney disease in US adults.

Studies on the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are limited. We aimed to examine the association between DII and CKD among U.S.

Improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the laser ultrasonic synthetic aperture focusing technique to detect submillimeter internal defects using echo array similarity.

Laser ultrasonic imaging is a promising technique for structural health monitoring because it is noncontact and nondestructive. However, this technique will only find more industrial applications if it has a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and short data acquisition time. In existing delay-and-sum algorithms, such as the synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT) and the total focusing method, a higher SNR requires more A-scan signals, which mean a longer data acquisition time.

Association between body shape index and coronary heart disease in individuals over 20 years old with obese.

Background: While body mass index (BMI) defines obesity as a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the paradoxical theory of BMI suggests that obesity may indeed have a favorable impact on the prognosis of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, this study aims to assess the correlation between body shape index (ABSI), which is a novel measure of obesity, and coronary heart disease (CHD) among obese individuals in the United States.

Methods: The data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were evaluated by us for 5046 patients.

Case Report: Intravascular ultrasound-guided management of acute myocardial infarction in a rare coronary artery case with multiple ostia and varied lesions.

Anomalous origin of the coronary artery (AOCA) in coronary arteries represent a rare congenital variation, especially when three or more openings coexist, accompanied by conditions such as myocardial infarction, acute heart failure, and severe stenosis in three vessels, making it even rarer. This study reports a rare case of a patient admitted for the first time with acute myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography revealed four openings, along with the aforementioned rare conditions.

Brain endothelial GSDMD activation mediates inflammatory BBB breakdown.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) protects the central nervous system from infections or harmful substances; its impairment can lead to or exacerbate various diseases of the central nervous system. However, the mechanisms of BBB disruption during infection and inflammatory conditions remain poorly defined. Here we find that activation of the pore-forming protein GSDMD by the cytosolic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) sensor caspase-11 (refs.

Intraepithelial mast cells drive gasdermin C-mediated type 2 immunity.

A specialized population of mast cells residing within epithelial layers, currently known as intraepithelial mast cells (IEMCs), was originally observed over a century ago, yet their physiological functions have remained enigmatic. In this study, we unveil an unexpected and crucial role of IEMCs in driving gasdermin C-mediated type 2 immunity. During helminth infection, αEβ7 integrin-positive IEMCs engaged in extensive intercellular crosstalk with neighboring intestinal epithelial cells (IECs).

OGT-induced O-GlcNAcylation of NEK7 protein aggravates osteoarthritis progression by enhancing NEK7/NLRP3 axis.

Backgrounds: The role of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT)-induced O-linked N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) has been reported in multiple human diseases. However, its specific functions in osteoarthritis (OA) progression remain undetermined.

Objective: This study focused on the target proteins of OGT-induced O-GlcNAcylation in OA and the specific functional mechanism.

A target tracking method based on adaptive occlusion judgment and model updating strategy.

Target tracking is an important research in the field of computer vision. Despite the rapid development of technology, difficulties still remain in balancing the overall performance for target occlusion, motion blur, . To address the above issue, we propose an improved kernel correlation filter tracking algorithm with adaptive occlusion judgement and model updating strategy (called Aojmus) to achieve robust target tracking.

Suppressing artifacts in the total focusing method using the directivity of laser ultrasound.

Based on a synthesized laser ultrasonic array, full matrix capture can be used to acquire data, which can then be post-processed using the total focusing method. However, this noncontact ultrasonic imaging technique has not been widely used because of the numerous artifacts in ultrasonic images and time-consuming data acquisition. To address these issues, this study proposes a post-processing algorithm, which uses the laser ultrasound directivity information to suppress the artifacts in the total focusing method's images.

Therapeutic effect of antithrombotic drug combinations in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis.

Objective: To explore suitable treatment strategies for patients with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) via systematically analyzing and comparing the clinical efficacy of dual antithrombotic therapy (DAT) and triple antithrombotic therapy (TAT).

Methods: Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were searched. The literature from the database establishment to August 2022 was reviewed by 2 researchers separately according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and the method recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration.

Human adipose and synovial mesenchymal stem cells improve osteoarthritis in rats by reducing chondrocyte reactive oxygen species and inhibiting inflammatory response.

Background: We explored the therapeutic effects of Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) and Synovial-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SDMSCs) on osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: SDMSCs and ADMSCs were co-cultured with chondrocytes and stimulated with interleukin (IL)-1β. An OA model was established on rats by intra-articular injection with ADMSCs and SDMSCs.

MicroRNA-1253 Suppresses Cell Proliferation Migration and Invasion of Osteosarcoma by Targeting MMP9.

Purpose: MicroRNAs play an important role in osteosarcoma (OS) development and progress. Although miR-1253 was considered as a tumor-inhibitor in some cancers, it's function in the OS is not clear.

Methods: In our study, we examined the expression of miR-1253 in OS cells and osteoblast cells using quantitative real-time PCR.

[Oxidative stress preconditioning alleviates oxidative stress-induced damage of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells].

Objective To investigate the effect of oxidative stress preconditioning on the oxidative stress-induced damage of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Methods BMSCs were isolated and cultured by density gradient centrifugation combined with adherence method. The cells were divided into three groups: control group (control medium), oxidative damage group (treated with 1000 μmol/L HO for 24 hours), and preconditioning group (preincubated with 50 μmol/L HO for 8 hours before treatment with 1000 μmol/L HO for 24 hours).

Rapid skin optical clearing enhancement with salicylic acid for imaging blood vessels in vivo.

Background: Light penetration in deeper tissue is impeded by the skin scattering properties, which significantly limits the clinical applications of light in medical diagnosis and therapy. To overcome this problem, skin optical clearing methods using different optical clearing agents (OCAs) have been extensively developed to clear the dermis tissue. It is critically important to remove the outmost stratum corneum (SC) before the OCAs were applied for optical clearing, since the SC works as a natural barrier to the OCAs.

Granzyme A from cytotoxic lymphocytes cleaves GSDMB to trigger pyroptosis in target cells.

Cytotoxic lymphocyte-mediated immunity relies on granzymes. Granzymes are thought to kill target cells by inducing apoptosis, although the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we report that natural killer cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes kill gasdermin B (GSDMB)-positive cells through pyroptosis, a form of proinflammatory cell death executed by the gasdermin family of pore-forming proteins.

A Bacterial Effector Reveals the V-ATPase-ATG16L1 Axis that Initiates Xenophagy.

Antibacterial autophagy (xenophagy) is an important host defense, but how it is initiated is unclear. Here, we performed a bacterial transposon screen and identified a T3SS effector SopF that potently blocked Salmonella autophagy. SopF was a general xenophagy inhibitor without affecting canonical autophagy.

Repair of soft tissue defects of the fingers with medial plantar venous flap.

Objective: To report the surgical procedures and efficacy of using medial plantar venous flap for the repair of soft tissue defects of the fingers.

Methods: From March 2010 to April 2012, medial plantar venous flaps were harvested to repair the wounds of 31 fingers in 29 cases. Among them, there were 13 middle fingers with defects at the tips in 11 cases, 7 fingers with defects in the dorsal part in 7 cases, and 11 fingers with defects in the finger pulp in 11 cases.

Alpha-kinase 1 is a cytosolic innate immune receptor for bacterial ADP-heptose.

Immune recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by pattern recognition receptors often activates proinflammatory NF-κB signalling. Recent studies indicate that the bacterial metabolite D-glycero-β-D-manno-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate (HBP) can activate NF-κB signalling in host cytosol, but it is unclear whether HBP is a genuine PAMP and the cognate pattern recognition receptor has not been identified. Here we combined a transposon screen in Yersinia pseudotuberculosis with biochemical analyses and identified ADP-β-D-manno-heptose (ADP-Hep), which mediates type III secretion system-dependent NF-κB activation and cytokine expression.

[miR-125b suppresses the aerobic glycolysis of osteosarcoma HOS cells by downregulating the expression of hexokinase-2].

Objective To investigate the effect of miR-125b on the aerobic glycolysis of osteosarcoma HOS cells and its underlying mechanism. Methods Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to detect the expression of miR-125b in HOSB normal human osteoblast cells and HOS osteosarcoma cells. The glucose uptake rate was assessed with H-2 deoxyglucose (H-2DG) and lactate production was tested with the kits to observe the effect of miR-125b-mimics on the aerobic glycolysis of osteosarcoma HOS cells.

Chemotherapy drugs induce pyroptosis through caspase-3 cleavage of a gasdermin.

Pyroptosis is a form of cell death that is critical for immunity. It can be induced by the canonical caspase-1 inflammasomes or by activation of caspase-4, -5 and -11 by cytosolic lipopolysaccharide. The caspases cleave gasdermin D (GSDMD) in its middle linker to release autoinhibition on its gasdermin-N domain, which executes pyroptosis via its pore-forming activity.