Iodide Management and Oriented Crystallization Modulation for High-Performance All-Air Processed Perovskite Solar Cells.

Halide-related defects at the buried interface not only cause nonradiative recombination, but also seriously impair the long-term stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, a bottom-up, all-in-one modification strategy is proposed by introducing a multisite antioxidant ergothioneine (EGT) at the buried interface to manage iodide ions and manipulate crystallization dynamics. The findings demonstrate that EGT not only passivates uncoordinated Sn/Pb defects, but also firmly anchors iodide ions and inhibits their oxidation to I.

Efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells enabled by homogenized PCBM with enhanced electron transport.

Fullerene derivatives are extensively employed in inverted perovskite solar cells due to their excellent electron extraction capabilities. However, [6,6]-phenyl-C-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) agglomerates easily in solution and exhibits a relatively low ionization barrier, increasing charge recombination losses and charge accumulation in the interface. Here, tetramethylthiuram disulfide (TMDS) is introduced into the PCBM solution to induce the formation of reducing sulfur radicals through UV light irradiation, allowing for n doping of the PCBM material.

25.71 %-Efficiency FACsPbI Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by A Thiourea-based Isomer.

Various isomers have been developed to regulate the morphology and reduce defects in state-of-the-art perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To insight the structure-function-effect correlations for the isomerization of thiourea derivatives on the performance of the PSCs, we developed two thiourea derivatives [(3,5-dichlorophenyl)amino]thiourea (AT) and N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)hydrazinecarbothioamide (HB). Supported by experimental and calculated results, it was found that AT can bind with undercoordinated Pb defect through synergistic interaction between N1 and C=S group with a defect formation energy of 1.

Perfluoroalkyl compounds in groundwater alter the spatial pattern of health risk in an arsenic‑cadmium contaminated region.

Integrated health risk assessment strategies for emerging organic pollutants and heavy metals that coexist in water/soil media are lacking. Contents of perfluoroalkyl compounds and potentially toxic elements in multiple media were determined by investigating a county where a landfill and a tungsten mine coexist. The spatial characteristics and sources of contaminants were predicted by Geostatistics-based and multivariate statistical analysis, and their comprehensive health risks were assessed.

Silver coordination-induced n-doping of PCBM for stable and efficient inverted perovskite solar cells.

The bidirectional migration of halides and silver causes irreversible chemical corrosion to the electrodes and perovskite layer, affecting long-term operation stability of perovskite solar cells. Here we propose a silver coordination-induced n-doping of [6,6]-phenyl-C-butyric acid methyl ester strategy to safeguard Ag electrode against corrosion and impede the migration of iodine within the PSCs. Meanwhile, the coordination between DCBP and silver induces n-doping in the PCBM layer, accelerating electron extraction from the perovskite layer.

CSF2 Impairs Nrf2 Signaling through the Akt/Mtor Pathway in the Development of Bladder Cancer.

Bladder Cancer (BCa) is one of the most common cancers of the urinary system. Colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2) is involved in many cancers, but not BCa. We investigated the effect of CSF2 on BCa in this study and the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Trace metals coupled with plasticisers in microplastics strengthen the denitrification function of the soil microbiome in the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau.

Due to the lack of research on the co-effects of microplastics and trace metals in the environment on nitrogen cycling-related functional microorganisms, the occurrence of microplastics and one of their plasticisers, phthalate esters, as well as trace metals, were determined in soils and river sediments in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Relationship between microplastics and phthalate esters in the area was determined; the co-effects of these potentially toxic materials, and key factors and pathways affecting nitrogen functions were further explored. Significant correlations between fibre- and film-shaped microplastics and phthalate esters were detected in the soils from the plateau.

Brusatol hinders the progression of bladder cancer by Chac1/Nrf2/SLC7A11 pathway.

Bladder cancer is a common tumor that impacts the urinary system and marked by a significant fatality rate and an unfavorable prognosis. Promising antineoplastic properties are exhibited by brusatol, which is obtained from the dried ripe fruit of Brucea javanica. The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of brusatol on the progression of bladder cancer and uncover the molecular mechanism involved.

A Music-Driven Dance Generation Method Based on a Spatial-Temporal Refinement Model to Optimize Abnormal Frames.

Since existing music-driven dance generation methods have abnormal motion when generating dance sequences which leads to unnatural overall dance movements, a music-driven dance generation method based on a spatial-temporal refinement model is proposed to optimize the abnormal frames. Firstly, the cross-modal alignment model is used to learn the correspondence between the two modalities of audio and dance video and based on the learned correspondence, the corresponding dance segments are matched with the input music segments. Secondly, an abnormal frame optimization algorithm is proposed to carry out the optimization of the abnormal frames in the dance sequence.

Anticancer effects of solasonine: Evidence and possible mechanisms.

The effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese medicine's active ingredients in anti-tumor effects have attracted widespread attention worldwide. Solasonine is the main anti-tumor component of the traditional Chinese medicine Solanum nigrum L, which can inhibit tumor cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, induce ferroptosis in tumor cells, and inhibit of tumor cell metastasis, thereby inhibiting tumor progression. Therefore, we summarized anti-tumor mechanisms and targets of solasonine to provide new ideas and theoretical basis for its further development and application.

Functional-Group-Induced Single Quantum Well Dion-Jacobson 2D Perovskite for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

In two-dimensional/three-dimensional (2D/3D) perovskite heterostructure, randomly distributed multiple quantum wells (QW) 2D perovskites are frequently generated, which are detrimental to carrier transport and structural stability. Here, the high quality 2D/3D perovskite heterostructure is constructed by fabricating functional-group-induced single QW Dion-Jacobson (DJ) 2D perovskites. The utilization of ─OCH in the precursor solution facilitates the formation of colloidal particles with uniform size, resulting in the production of a pure 2D DJ perovskite with an n value of 3.

Development of a Diagnostic Model for Differentiating Tuberculous Spondylitis and Pyogenic Spondylitis With MRI: A Multicenter Retrospective Observational Study.

Study Design: Multicenter retrospective observational study.

Objective: This study aimed to distinguish tuberculous spondylitis (TS) from pyogenic spondylitis (PS) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Further, a novel diagnostic model for differential diagnosis was developed.

Multidentate Chelation Achieves Bilateral Passivation toward Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with Minimized Energy Losses.

Defects in the electron transport layer (ETL), perovskite, and buried interface will result in considerable nonradiative recombination. Here, a bottom-up bilateral modification strategy is proposed by incorporating arsenazo III (AA), a chromogenic agent for metal ions, to regulate SnO nanoparticles. AA can complex with uncoordinated Sn/Pb in the form of multidentate chelation.

Additive Conformational Engineering To Improve the PbI Framework for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells.

The PbI framework is critical for two-step fabricated perovskite solar cells. This study investigates the effects of introducing two functional urea-based molecules, biuret (BU) and dithiobiuret (DTBU), into the PbI precursor solution on the absorber layer and overall device performance. BU, which contains C═O, enhanced device performance and stability, whereas DTBU, which contains C═S, had negative effects.

Dendrimer-conjugated isotretinoin for controlled transdermal drug delivery.

Background: In the present study, we aimed to develop a novel isotretinoin delivery model for treating skin diseases, revealing its potential advantages in drug delivery and targeted therapy. Using a self-assembly strategy, we grafted a dendrimer, based on a well-defined branched structure for nanomedical devices, with a well-defined nanoarchitecture, yielding spherical, highly homogeneous molecules with multiple surface functionalities. Accordingly, a self-assembled dendrimer-conjugated system was developed to achieve the transdermal delivery of isotretinoin (13cRA-D).

A mechanistic updated overview on Cepharanthine as potential anticancer agent.

The antitumor effects of traditional drugs have received increasing attention and active antitumor components extracted from traditional drugs have shown good efficacy with minimal adverse events. Cepharanthine(CEP for short) is an active component derived from the Stephania plants of Menispermaceae, which can regulate multiple signaling pathways alone or in combination with other therapeutic drugs to inhibit tumor cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, regulate autophagy, and inhibit angiogenesis, thereby inhibiting tumor progression. Therefore, we retrieved studies concerning CEP's antitumor effects in recent years and summarized the antitumor mechanism and targets, in order to gain new insights and establish a theoretical basis for further development and application of CEP.

High-performance lead-free quaternary antiperovskite photovoltaic candidate CaNAsSb.

Accurate many-body perturbation theory-based calculations were used to study the electronic and excitonic properties of lead-free quaternary antiperovskite CaNAsSb; large quasiparticle band gap renormalization, strong optical absorption, and low exciton binding energy, as well as high efficiency of >32% with a thickness of 500 nm were predicted.

Low-Temperature Solution Synthesis of Stable CsCuBr Single Crystals for Visible Light Communications.

Inorganic perovskites CsPbX (X = Cl, Br, I) have shown great potential as luminescent materials for a wide range of photoelectric devices. However, the practical use of these materials is limited due to the toxicity of lead and poor stability. Here, we present a facile low-temperature, solution-based method to synthesize lead-free and highly stable CsCuBr single crystals (SCs) without the use of organic solvents.

Suppressing Phase Segregation in CsPbIBr Films via Anchoring Halide Ions toward Underwater Solar Cells.

Inorganic CsPbIBr perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have accomplished many milestones, yet their progress has been constrained by ion migration and phase separation. This study explores the modulation of perovskite crystallization kinetics and halide ion migration through chlorobenzene (CB) antisolvent with bis(pentafluorophenyl)zinc (Zn(CF)) additive. The photoluminescence and absorption spectra reveal the significantly reduced phase segregaton in CsPbIBr film treated by CB with Zn(CF).

Preliminary observation of thyroid function changes in subclinical thyroid diseases.

Background: It is estimated that 1.95% and 5.55% of adults in China suffer from subclinical thyroid diseases, which is difficult to diagnose and treat.

Detecting phosphate using lysine-sensitized terbium coordination polymer nanoparticles as ratiometric luminescence probes.

Probes for detecting phosphate ions (Pi) are required for environmental monitoring and to protect human health. Here, novel ratiometric luminescent lanthanide coordination polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) were successfully prepared and used to selectively and sensitively detect Pi. The nanoparticles were prepared from adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and Tb, and lysine (Lys) was used as a sensitizer (through the antenna effect) to switch on Tb luminescence at 488 and 544 nm while Lys luminescence at 375 nm was quenched because of energy transfer from Lys to Tb.

The ultrasonically treated nanoliposomes containing PCV2 DNA vaccine expressing gC1qR binding site mutant Cap is efficient in mice.

Nowadays, vaccines are broadly used to prevent porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection-induced expenditures, but the virus is still spreading among pigs. The current PCV2 vaccines all rely on the immunogenicity of Cap, yet our previous studies found that Cap is also the major component mediating the PCV2 infection-induced immune suppression through its interaction with host gC1qR. Thereby, new vaccines are still necessary for PCV2 prevention and control.