The Effect of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Bile Acid Metabolism: Insights from Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Experimental Validation.

Scope: Bile acids play a crucial role in lipid absorption and the regulation of lipid, glucose, and energy homeostasis. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a lipophilic antioxidant, has been recognized for its positive effects on obesity and related glycolipid metabolic disorders. However, the relationship between CoQ10 and bile acids has not yet been evaluated.

An In Vitro Colonic Fermentation Study of the Effects of Human Milk Oligosaccharides on Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production in Infants Aged 0-6 Months.

The impact of five human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs)-2'-fucosyllactose (2FL), 3'-sialyllactose (3SL), 6'-sialyllactose (6SL), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), and lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT)-on the gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolites in infants aged 0-6 months was assessed through in vitro fermentation. Analyses of the influence of different HMOs on the composition and distribution of infant gut microbiota and on SCFA levels were conducted using 16S rRNA sequencing, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), and gas chromatography (GC), respectively. The findings indicated the crucial role of the initial microbiota composition in shaping fermentation outcomes.

A novel 3D printed type II silk fibroin/polycaprolactone mesh for the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse.

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is one of the common diseases in middle-aged and elderly women, caused by weakened pelvic floor muscle ligament tissue support. Pelvic floor reconstruction with mesh implantation has been proven to be an effective treatment for POP. However, traditional non-degradable and inflexible pelvic floor implantation meshes have been associated with pain, vaginal infections, and the need for additional surgeries.

Prevalence and Landscape of Pathogenic or Likely Pathogenic Germline Variants and Their Association With Somatic Phenotype in Unselected Chinese Patients With Gynecologic Cancers.

Importance: Understanding germline and somatic status in patients with gynecologic cancers could improve risk assessment and guide therapeutic decision-making.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and landscape of germline pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants and explore whether these variants are associated with somatic phenotypes and cancer risk in unselected patients with gynecologic cancers.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study retrospectively enrolled unselected patients in China with a gynecologic cancer, including ovarian, cervical, and endometrial, who underwent tumor-normal sequencing using a 520-gene panel from October 1, 2017, through May 31, 2021.

Plasma Alkylresorcinol Metabolite, a Biomarker for Whole-Grain Intake, Is Inversely Associated with Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Case-Control Study of Chinese Adults.

Background: Epidemiologic studies consistently find associations between whole-grain intake and reduced risk of obesity and related metabolic diseases, yet data on the potential of whole grains to prevent fatty liver diseases are scarce.

Objectives: To examine whether plasma 3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-propanoic acid (DHPPA), a biomarker of whole-grain wheat and rye intake, is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods: This case-control study of Chinese adults enrolled 940 NAFLD cases and 940 age- and sex-matched non-NAFLD controls (mean age: 55.

Astaxanthin Alleviates Foam Cell Formation and Promotes Cholesterol Efflux in Ox-LDL-Induced RAW264.7 Cells via CircTPP2/miR-3073b-5p/ABCA1 Pathway.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a common cardiovascular disease and remains the leading cause of death in the world. It is generally believed that the deposition of foam cells in the arterial wall is the main cause of AS. Moreover, promoting cholesterol efflux and enhancing the ability of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) can effectively inhibit the formation of foam cells, thereby preventing the occurrence and development of AS.

STAT3 inhibitor BBI608 reduces patient-specific primary cell viability of cervical and endometrial cancer at a clinical-relevant concentration.

Purpose: Aberrant activation of STAT3 signal pathway promotes tumor progression in many solid tumor types, including cervical cancer and endometrial cancer. BBI608, the STAT3 inhibitor had been reported in previous studies for restraining cancer stem cells. However, whether BBI608 is available for inhibiting the proliferation of cervical cancer or endometrial cancer remains poorly understood.

Associations of Dietary Inflammatory Index With Prediabetes and Insulin Resistance.

Background And Aims: Previous studies suggested that dietary inflammatory index (DII) was associated with a variety of adverse health conditions. However, less is known about the role of DII in prediabetes and insulin resistance (IR). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether DII is associated with prediabetes and IR in American adults.

Plasma Alkylresorcinol Metabolite, a Biomarker for Whole-Grain Intake, Is Inversely Associated with Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Case-Control Study of Chinese Adults.

Background: Epidemiologic studies consistently find associations between whole-grain intake and reduced risk of obesity and related metabolic diseases, yet data on the potential of whole grains to prevent fatty liver diseases are scarce.

Objectives: To examine whether plasma 3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-propanoic acid (DHPPA), a biomarker of whole-grain wheat and rye intake, is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods: This case-control study of Chinese adults enrolled 940 NAFLD cases and 940 age- and sex-matched non-NAFLD controls (mean age: 55.

Identification of COPA as a potential prognostic biomarker and pharmacological intervention target of cervical cancer by quantitative proteomics and experimental verification.

Background: Cervical cancer is the most fatal gynecological carcinoma in the world. It is urgent to explore novel prognostic biomarkers and intervention targets for cervical cancer.

Methods: Through integrated quantitative proteomic strategy, we investigated the protein expression profiles of cervical cancer; 28 fresh frozen tissue samples (11 adenocarcinoma (AC), 12 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 5 normal cervixes (HC)) were included in discover cohort; 45 fresh frozen tissue samples (19 AC, 18 SCC and 8 HC) were included in verification cohort; 140 paraffin-embedded tissues samples of cervical cancer (85 AC and 55 SCC) were used for immunohistochemical evaluation (IHC) of coatomer protein subunit alpha (COPA) as a prognostic biomarker for cervical cancer; how deficiency of COPA affects cell viability and tumorigenic ability of cervical cancer cells (SiHa cells and HeLa cells) were evaluated by cell counting kit-8 and clone formation in vitro.

GALNT14 regulates ferroptosis and apoptosis of ovarian cancer through the EGFR/mTOR pathway.

Chemoresistance usually occurs in ovarian cancer. We aimed to explore the mechanisms of chemoresistance. Western blotting assay was used to detect the expression of GALNT14.

The prognostic significance of long non-coding RNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma: An updated meta-analysis.

Background: Recently, many studies have demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are abnormally expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and may serve as a potential molecular biomarker to evaluate the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, we accomplished a meta-analysis built on current studies to assess the prognostic value of lncRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods: The PubMed database was carefully searched to collect all eligible studies until February 20, 2019.

A rapid UHPLC-MS/MS method for the quantification of ARQ531 in rat plasma: Validation and its application to a pharmacokinetic study.

A simple and sensitive ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of ARQ531, a Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor in rat plasma. After protein precipitation with acetonitrile, the samples were separated on a UPLC BEH C column with 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.

Arsenic concentrations, diversity and co-occurrence patterns of bacterial and fungal communities in the feces of mice under sub-chronic arsenic exposure through food.

Background: Arsenic, a global pollutant and a threshold-free primary carcinogen, can accumulate in rice. Previous studies have focused on arsenic poisoning in drinking water and the effects on gut microbes. The research on arseniasis through food, which involves the bio-transformation of arsenic, and the related changes in gut microbiome is insufficient.

Association of dietary selenium intake with telomere length in middle-aged and older adults.

Background: Growing evidence suggested that lifestyle factors including dietary habits may influence the telomere length which is a reliable marker of biological aging and predictor for chronic diseases. However, the role of dietary selenium intake in telomere length maintenance is rarely examined.

Objective: We aimed to test the relationship between dietary selenium intake and telomere length among middle-aged and older adults in America.

Nrf2 Suppression Delays Diabetic Wound Healing Through Sustained Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.

Impaired wound healing is one of the major complications of diabetes, involving prolonged inflammation, delayed re-epithelialization, and consistent oxidative stress. The detailed mechanism remains unclear, and there is currently no effective treatment for diabetic wound healing. In this study, we aim to investigate the potential role and effect of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) activation on diabetic wound healing.

Development of a direct reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (dirRT-qPCR) assay for clinical Zika diagnosis.

Objective: The nucleic acid-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay is commonly applied to detect infection with Zika virus (ZIKV). However, the time- and labor-intensive sample pretreatment required to remove inhibitors that cause false-negative results in clinical samples is impractical for use in resource-limited areas. The aim was to develop a direct reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (dirRT-qPCR) assay for ZIKV diagnosis directly from clinical samples.

Astaxanthin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of LX‑2 cells by regulating the miR‑29b/Bcl‑2 pathway.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in the anti‑fibrotic effect of astaxanthin (AST), using the human hepatic stellate cell (HSC) line LX‑2 as the research model. LX‑2 cells were treated with various concentrations of AST (10, 20 and 40 µM) for 24 or 48 h. miR‑29b was selected based on existing literature, and its targeting gene B cell lymphoma (Bcl)‑2 was predicted by TargetScan and miRanda databases for further analysis.

Loading ceftriaxone, vancomycin, and Bifidobacteria bifidum TMC3115 to neonatal mice could differently and consequently affect intestinal microbiota and immunity in adulthood.

Recent studies have demonstrated that antibiotics/or probiotics administration in early life play key roles on modulating intestinal microbiota and the alterations might cause long-lasting consequences both physiologically and immunologically. We investigated the effects of early life ceftriaxone, vancomycin and Bifidobacterium bifidum TMC3115 (TMC3115) treatment on intestinal microbiota and immunity both in neonates and adults even after termination of antibiotics exposure. We found that ceftriaxone and vancomycin, but not TMC3115, significantly altered the intestinal microbiota, serum total IgE level, and the morphology and function of the intestinal epithelium in the neonatal mice.

Knockdown of NRSF inhibits cell proliferation of ovarian cancer via activating Hippo pathway.

Aims: Ovarian cancer is the most leading cause of deaths among gynecologic malignancies, and Neuron-restrictive silencer factor (NRSF) can be upregulated or downregulated according to the type of tumor. However, the expression and function of NRSF in ovarian cancer is still unknown.

Main Methods: Expression of NRSF in normal ovary and ovarian cancer cells were evaluated by quantitative PCR (qPCR).

Comparison of naturally aging and D-galactose induced aging model in beagle dogs.

Animal models have been used to study aging for decades. In numerous aging studies, beagles are the most commonly used breed of dog. However, few studies have compared between naturally aging models and experimentally induced aging models in beagle dogs.

Combination of betulinic acid and chidamide synergistically inhibits Epstein-Barr virus replication through over-generation of reactive oxygen species.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has widely infected more than 90% of human populations. Currently, there is no efficient way to remove the virus because the EBV carriers are usually in a latent stage that allows them to escape the immune system and common antiviral drugs. In the effort to develop an efficient strategy for the removal of the EBV virus, we have shown that betulinic acid (BA) slightly suppresses EBV replication through SOD2 suppression with subsequent reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and DNA damage in EBV-transformed LCL (lymphoblastoid cell line) cells.

Anticancer effects of morin-7-sulphate sodium, a flavonoid derivative, in mouse melanoma cells.

Background: Increasing evidence supports the anticancer effects of morin in vitro and in vivo. However, the role of morin-7-sulphate sodium (NaMoS), a water-soluble flavonoid derivative synthesized from morin remains unclear. The present study investigated the tumor suppression by NaMoS in mouse melanoma cells.

SIRT1-mediated ERβ suppression in the endothelium contributes to vascular aging.

SIRT1 has many important molecular functions in aging, and the estrogen receptors (ERs) have a vasculoprotective effect, although the detailed mechanism for the roles of SIRT1 and ERs in vascular aging remains unclear. We found that ERβ expression in the endothelium was reduced in aging mice, and the expression of ERα and SIRT1 did not change, while SIRT1 activity declined. Further investigation showed that the ERβ expression was regulated by SIRT1 through complexes of SIRT1-PPARγ/RXR-p300 that bind to a PPRE (PPAR response element) site on the ERβ promoter, and the declined SIRT1 function in aging mice was due to compromised phosphorylation at S154.

Estradiol mediates vasculoprotection via ERRα-dependent regulation of lipid and ROS metabolism in the endothelium.

The estrogen-mediated vasculoprotective effect has been widely reported in many animal studies, although the clinical trials are controversial and the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we focused on the molecular mechanism and consequence of 17β-estradiol (E2)-induced ERRα (estrogen-related receptor alpha) expression in endothelium and its potential beneficial effects on vascular function. The human aorta endothelial cells were used to identify the detailed molecular mechanism and consequences for E2-induced ERRα expression through estrogen receptors (ER), where ERα responses E2-induced ERRα activation, and ERβ responses basal ERRα expression.