Synergistic mechanism of botanical pesticide camptothecin encapsulated in a nanocarrier against fall armyworm: Enhanced stability and amplified growth suppression.

Botanical pesticides are one of the most promising alternatives to synthetic insecticides for green pest management. However, their efficacies must be further improved to meet real needs. Here we designed a nanoscale camptothecin (CPT) encapsulated in a star polycation (SPc) and determined its bioactivity against a devastating agricultural pest, Spodoptera frugiperda.

Selection criteria and method for deep inspiration breath-hold in patients with left breast cancer undergoing PMRT/IMRT.

Purpose: This study explored whether a free-breathing mean heart dose (FB-MHD) of 4 Gy is a reliable dose threshold for selecting left breast cancer patients after modified radical mastectomy suitable for deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) and developed anatomical indicators to predict FB-MHD for rapid selection.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-three patients with left breast cancer treated with DIBH were included to compare FB and DIBH plans. The patients were divided into the high-risk (FB-MHD ≥ 4 Gy) and low-risk (FB-MHD < 4 Gy) groups to compare dose difference, normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) and the DIBH benefits.

No-interfered and visual evaluation of global warming impacts on phytoplankton-based copper bioavailability and then carbon sequestration.

Global warming has an increasingly serious impact on the ecological environment. Copper bioavailability plays an important physiological role in revealing the mechanism of carbon cycle, photosynthesis, and respiration. Here we reported a multifunctional carbon quantum dots fluorescence probe for no-interfered and visual determination of phytoplankton-based intracellular Cu(II), glucose, and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Evaluating Large Language Models for Automated Reporting and Data Systems Categorization: Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Large language models show promise for improving radiology workflows, but their performance on structured radiological tasks such as Reporting and Data Systems (RADS) categorization remains unexplored.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate 3 large language model chatbots-Claude-2, GPT-3.5, and GPT-4-on assigning RADS categories to radiology reports and assess the impact of different prompting strategies.

Rapid Selection of Patients Suitable for Deep Inspiration Breath-Hold Using an Automatic Delineating System and RapidPlan Model in Patients With Left Breast Cancer Undergoing Adjuvant Radiation Therapy With IMRT.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether radiation therapy plans created using an automatic delineating system and a RapidPlan (RP) module could rapidly and accurately predict heart doses and benefit from deep inspiratory breath-hold (DIBH) in patients with left breast cancer.

Methods And Materials: One hundred thirty-six clinically approved free breathing (FB) plans for patients with left breast cancer were included, defined as manual delineation-manual plan (MD-MP). A total of 104 of 136 plans were selected for RP model training.

Deubiquitinase USP4 suppresses antitumor immunity by inhibiting IRF3 activation and tumor cell-intrinsic interferon response in colorectal cancer.

Despite the approval of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy for various tumor types, its effectiveness is limited to only approximately 15% of patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC). Approximately 80%-85% of CRC patients have a microsatellite stability (MSS) phenotype, which features a rare T-cell infiltration. Thus, elucidating the mechanisms underlying resistance to ICB in patients with MSS CRC is imperative.

Automatic IMRT treatment planning through fluence prediction and plan fine-tuning for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: At present, the implementation of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatment planning for geometrically complex nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) through manual trial-and-error fashion presents challenges to the improvement of planning efficiency and the obtaining of high-consistency plan quality. This paper aims to propose an automatic IMRT plan generation method through fluence prediction and further plan fine-tuning for patients with NPC and evaluates the planning efficiency and plan quality.

Methods: A total of 38 patients with NPC treated with nine-beam IMRT were enrolled in this study and automatically re-planned with the proposed method.

[Trametenolic acid inhibits migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2.2.15 cells via RhoC/ROCK1 pathway].

This study investigated the effect of trametenolic acid(TA) on the migration and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2.2.15 cells by using Ras homolog gene family member C(RhoC) as the target and probed into the mechanism, aiming to provide a basis for the utilization of TA.

Flavonoids from mulberry leaves inhibit fat production and improve fatty acid distribution in adipose tissue in finishing pigs.

This study evaluated the effects of flavonoids from mulberry leaves (FML) on plasma biochemical indices, serum activities of lipid metabolism-related enzymes, fat morphology, fatty acid composition, and lipid metabolism in different adipose tissues of finishing pigs. We used 120 Chinese hybrid barrows of Berkshire and Bama mini-pigs with an average initial body weight of 45.11 ± 4.

A marine coating: Self-healing, stable release of Cu, anti-biofouling.

We developed a marine coating consisting of Cu-MOF-74, multi-walled carbon nanotube containing carboxyl groups (MWCNT-COOH) and self-healing polymers, which simultaneously possesses self-healing and anti-biofouling properties. Cu-MOF-74 can stably release Cu by virtue of the coordination dissociative mechanism. Studies have proved that MWCNT can inhibit the growth of bacteria, so adding the MWCNT can help to reduce the amount of the copper ions and ensure the antibacterial effect of the coating.

Identification of crucial modules and genes associated with backfat tissue development by WGCNA in Ningxiang pigs.

Fat deposition is an economically important trait in pigs. Ningxiang pig, one of the four famous indigenous breeds in China, is characterized by high fat content. The underlying gene expression pattern in different developmental periods of backfat tissue remains unclear, and the purpose of this investigation is to explore the potential molecular regulators of backfat tissue development in Ningxiang pigs.

Rhabdovirus encoded glycoprotein induces and harnesses host antiviral autophagy for maintaining its compatible infection.

Macroautophagy/autophagy has been recognized as a central antiviral defense mechanism in plant, which involves complex interactions between viral proteins and host factors. Rhabdoviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses, and the infection causes serious harm to public health, livestock, and crop production. However, little is known about the role of autophagy in the defense against rhabdovirus infection by plant.

Self-Enhanced Antibacterial and Antifouling Behavior of Three-Dimensional Porous CuO Nanoparticles Functionalized by an Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Matrix.

CuO is currently an important protective material for domestic engineering and equipment used to exploit marine resources. Cu is considered to have more effective antibacterial and antifouling activities than Cu. However, disproportionation of Cu in the natural environment leads to its reduced bioavailability and weakened reactivity.

Identification and validation of a novel stress granules-related prognostic model in colorectal cancer.

A growing body of evidence demonstrates that Stress granules (SGs), a non-membrane cytoplasmic compartments, are important to colorectal development and chemoresistance. However, the clinical and pathological significance of SGs in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients is unclear. The aim of this study is to propose a new prognostic model related to SGs for CRC on the basis of transcriptional expression.

Long non-coding RNA CCL14-AS suppresses invasiveness and lymph node metastasis of colorectal cancer cells by regulating MEP1A.

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the biology of colorectal cancer (CRC). There are several lncRNAs associated with invasion and metastasis have been characterized in CRC. However, studies focusing on the precise molecular mechanisms by which lncRNAs function in lymph node (LN) metastasis in CRC are still limited.

Removal of Hexavalent Chromium in Aqueous Solution by Cellulose Filter Paper Loaded with Nano-Zero-Valent Iron: Performance Investigation and Numerical Modeling.

Cr(VI) pollution in water bodies is very harmful to human health and the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to remove Cr(VI) from water. In this study, the composite (FP-nZVI) was prepared by loading nano-zero-valent iron (nZVI) onto cellulose filter paper (FP) using a liquid-phase reduction method to improve the dispersibility and oxidation resistance of nZVI.

Functional characterization of a terpene synthase responsible for ()-β-ocimene biosynthesis identified in transcriptome after herbivory.

()-β-ocimene, a ubiquitous monoterpene volatile in plants, is emitted from flowers to attract pollinators and/or from vegetative tissues as part of inducible defenses mediated by complex signaling networks when plants are attacked by insect herbivores. Wild pear species used worldwide as rootstock generally displays valuable pest-resistant traits and is a promising genetic resource for pear breeding. In the current study, transcriptional changes in this wild pear species infested with a polyphagous herbivore and the underlying molecular mechanisms were fully investigated.

Comprehensive analysis of miRNAs, lncRNAs and mRNAs profiles in backfat tissue between Daweizi and Yorkshire pigs.

Objective: Daweizi (DWZ) is a famous indigenous pig breed in China and characterized by tender meat and high fat percentage. However, the expression profiles and functions of transcripts in DWZ pigs is still in infancy. The object of this study was to depict the transcript profiles in DWZ pigs and screen the potential pathway influence adipogenesis and fat deposition.

All-in-one: a robust fluorescent fusion protein vector toolbox for protein localization and BiFC analyses in plants.

Fluorescent tagging protein localization (FTPL) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) are popular tools for in vivo analyses of the subcellular localizations of proteins and protein-protein interactions in plant cells. The efficiency of fluorescent fusion protein (FFP) expression analyses is typically impaired when the FFP genes are co-transformed on separate plasmids compared to when all are cloned and transformed in a single vector. Functional genomics applications using FFPs such as a gene family studies also often require the generation of multiple plasmids.

Water- and Acid-Sensitive CuO@Cu-MOF Nano Sustained-Release Capsules with Superior Antifouling Behaviors.

Marine biofouling is one of the technical bottlenecks restricting the development of the global marine economy. Among the commercial self-polishing antifouling coatings, cuprous oxide is an irreplaceable component because of its efficiency and broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. However, one of the biggest obstacles to achieving long-term antifouling is the "initial burst and final decay" of cuprous oxide in the coating.

CAR-T cells for Colorectal Cancer: Target-selection and strategies for improved activity and safety.

Chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell immunotherapy is a novel method that is genetically engineered to recruit T cells against malignant disease. Administration of CAR-T cells has led to progress in hematological malignancies, and it has been proposed for solid tumors like colorectal cancer (CRC) for years. However, this method was not living up to expectations for the intrinsic challenges posed to CAR-T cells by solid tumors, which mainly due to the lacking of tumor-restricted antigens and adverse effects following treatment.

A Nomogram Based on Clinicopathologic Features and Preoperative Hematology Parameters to Predict Occult Peritoneal Metastasis of Gastric Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Background: In patients with gastric cancer (GC), peritoneal metastasis is an indication of the end stage and often indicates a poor outcome. The diagnosis of peritoneal metastasis, especially occult peritoneal metastasis (OPM), remains a challenge for surgeons. This study was designed to explore the relationship between OPM and clinicopathological characteristics and preoperative hematological parameters in patients with GC and to develop a nomogram to predict the probability of OPM before surgery.

Knockdown of lncRNA ZNRD1-AS1 inhibits progression of bladder cancer by regulating miR-194 and ZEB1.

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) is a common urinary neoplasm with high incidence worldwide. Long noncoding RNA zinc ribbon domain containing 1 antisense RNA 1 (ZNRD1-AS1) has been reported to be upregulated in BC. However, the exact role of ZNRD1-AS1 as well as its mechanism remains poorly understood.

Alternative splicing of DSP1 enhances snRNA accumulation by promoting transcription termination and recycle of the processing complex.

Small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) are the basal components of the spliceosome and play crucial roles in splicing. Their biogenesis is spatiotemporally regulated. However, related mechanisms are still poorly understood.