Analyzing the correlation between quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli resistance rates and climate factors: A comprehensive analysis across 31 Chinese provinces.

Background: The increasing problem of bacterial resistance, particularly with quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli (QnR eco) poses a serious global health issue.

Methods: We collected data on QnR eco resistance rates and detection frequencies from 2014 to 2021 via the China Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System, complemented by meteorological and socioeconomic data from the China Statistical Yearbook and the China Meteorological Data Service Centre (CMDC). Comprehensive nonparametric testing and multivariate regression models were used in the analysis.

The Involvement of PGRMC1 Signaling in Cognitive Impairment Induced by Long-Term Clozapine Treatment in Rats.

Introduction: Progesterone receptor component 1 (PGRMC1) has been identified as a potential target in atypical antipsychotic drug-induced metabolic disturbances as well as neuroprotection in the central nervous system. In our study, we aimed to figure out the essential role of PGRMC1 signaling pathway underlying clozapine-induced cognitive impairment.

Methods: In male SD rats, we utilized recombinant adeno-associated viruses (BBB 2.

Olanzapine-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: The effects of differential food pattern and the involvement of PGRMC1 signaling.

Detrimental dietary habits with high-fat food are common in the psychiatric population, leading to higher obesity rate. Olanzapine (OLZ), as one of the mainstream antipsychotic drugs, shows superior efficacy in treating schizophrenia but limited by adverse effects such as obesity, dyslipidemia and liver injury, which are risk factors for the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Progesterone receptor component 1 (PGRMC1) is a key regulator associated with antipsychotic drug-induced metabolic disorders.

Metabolic activation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors: recent advance and further clinical practice.

At present, receptor tyrosine kinase signaling-related pathways have been successfully mediated to inhibit tumor proliferation and promote anti-angiogenesis effects for cancer therapy. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), a group of novel chemotherapeutic agents, have been applied to treat diverse malignant tumors effectively. However, the latent toxic and side effects of TKIs, such as hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity, limit their use in clinical practice.

Effect of Probiotic Supplements on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in First-Episode Bipolar Disorder Patients: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Currently no study has examined the effects of probiotic administration on the symptoms of anxiety, depression, and mania, as well as their correlations with the biomarkers of oxidative stress in patients with bipolar disorder (BPD). The aim of this study is to determine the effects of probiotic supplementation on plasma oxidative stress-related biomarkers and different domains of clinical symptom in patients suffering from BPD. Eighty first-episode drug-naive patients with BPD were recruited.

Clozapine Induced Disturbances in Hepatic Glucose Metabolism: The Potential Role of PGRMC1 Signaling.

Newly emerging evidence has implicated that progesterone receptor component 1 (PGRMC1) plays a novel role not only in the lipid disturbance induced by atypical antipsychotic drugs (AAPD) but also in the deterioration of glucose homoeostasis induced by clozapine (CLZ) treatment. The present study aimed to investigate the role of PGRMC1 signaling on hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenesis in male rats following CLZ treatment (20 mg/kg daily for 4 weeks). Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (AAV) were constructed for the knockdown or overexpression of hepatic PGRMC1.

Effects of licorice extracts on the pharmacokinetics of brucine in rats and its possible mechanism.

The detoxification effects of licorice are believed to be related to its pharmacokinetic (PK) interference. This paper aimed to evaluate the effects of licorice water extracts (LWE) on the pharmacokinetics of brucine. Rats were administered brucine and/or LWE.

Gut microbiota: An intermediary between metabolic syndrome and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.

Gut microbiome interacts with the central nervous system tract through the gut-brain axis. Such communication involves neuronal, endocrine, and immunological mechanisms, which allows for the microbiota to affect and respond to various behaviors and psychiatric conditions. In addition, the use of atypical antipsychotic drugs (AAPDs) may interact with and even change the abundance of microbiome to potentially cause adverse effects or aggravate the disorders inherent in the disease.

Reduced Levels and Disrupted Biosynthesis Pathways of Plasma Free Fatty Acids in First-Episode Antipsychotic-Naïve Schizophrenia Patients.

Membrane phospholipid deficits have been well-documented in schizophrenia (SZ) patients. Free fatty acids (FFAs) partially come from the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids and serve as the circulating pool of body fatty acids. These FFAs are involved in many important biochemical reactions such as membrane regeneration, oxidation, and prostaglandin production which may have important implications in SZ pathology.

Effects of Trough Concentration and Solute Carrier Polymorphisms on Imatinib Efficacy in Chinese Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Purpose: We investigated the relationship between imatinib trough concentrations and genetic polymorphisms with efficacy of imatinib in Chinese patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).

Methods: There were 171 eligible patients. Peripheral blood samples were collected from 171 eligible patients between 21 and 27 hours after the last imatinib administration.

Licorice Extracts Attenuate Nephrotoxicity Induced by Brucine Through Suppression of Mitochondria Apoptotic Pathway and STAT3 Activation.

Licorice, one of the most widely used medicinal herbs in East Asia, has effects such as anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and detoxifying. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of licorice on brucine-induced nephrotoxicity. Sprague Dawley rats were administered with brucine intraperitoneally for 7 consecutive days with or without treatment with licorice.

Quantitative monitoring of a panel of stress-induced biomarkers in human plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: an application in a comparative study between depressive patients and healthy subjects.

Using a metabolomic approach, we have found that stress can induce oxidative damage by disturbing the creatine/phosphocreatine shuttle system and purinergic pathway, leading to an excessive membrane breakdown. To further validate our findings and to monitor the biological impact of stress in research of clinical psychiatry, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed to simultaneously determine a panel of biomarkers comprising choline, creatine, purinergic metabolites, neurosteroids, lysophosphatidylcholines, and phosphatidylethanolamines in human plasma. After optimization of the extraction protocol, all the 15 analytes plus 4 internal standards with distinct polarities were extracted into an organic phase using methyl tert-butyl ether/methanol (1:1, v/v).

Effects of Differential Food Patterns on the Pharmacokinetics of Enteric-Coated Mesalazine Tablets in the Same Cohort of Healthy Chinese Volunteers.

This study aimed to simultaneously determine mesalazine (5-ASA) and its major metabolite N-Ac-5-ASA in the plasma and to evaluate the impact of different food patterns on the relative bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of 5-ASA in healthy subjects. In this single-dose, open-label, 3-period, 3-treatment crossover study, the subjects received a single, oral dose of 500-mg enteric-coated mesalazine tablet together with either a low-fat or a high-fat breakfast or under fasting condition (reference). The pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by noncompartmental methods and analyzed with a linear mixed-effect model.

Candidate metabolic biomarkers for schizophrenia in CNS and periphery: Do any possible associations exist?

Due to the limitations of analytical techniques and the complicity of schizophrenia, nowadays it is still a challenge to diagnose and stratify schizophrenia patients accurately. Many attempts have been made to identify and validate available biomarkers for schizophrenia from CSF and/or peripheral blood in clinical studies with consideration to disease stages, antipsychotic effects and even gender differences. However, conflicting results handicap the validation and application of biomarkers for schizophrenia.

Population pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetics of imatinib in Chinese patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.

Aim: This study aimed to establish a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model in Chinese patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, and to quantify the effects of pharmacogenetics on pharmacokinetic parameters of imatinib.

Methods: A total of 229 plasma concentrations from 170 patients were analyzed. Nonlinear mixed effect model was used to establish the PPK model.

Effect of aprepitant administration on CINV caused by cisplatin multi-day chemotherapy and pharmacokinetics of docetaxel.

Purpose: To compare efficacy and safety of postponing administration of aprepitant and routine triple-antiemetic treatment for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients who received docetaxel and cisplatin multi-day chemotherapy treatment, and to evaluate the effect of aprepitant on docetaxel pharmacokinetics in the Chinese population.

Methods: A total of 24 cancer patients (including 5 females and 19 males, 22-74 years old) received two cycles of high-emetic DP (docetaxel 75 mg/m on day 1 + cisplatin 25 mg/m on days 1-3) regimen. A randomized, two-period and cross-over study was applied for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

Neurosteroids in Schizophrenia: Pathogenic and Therapeutic Implications.

Neurosteroids are a group of important endogenous molecules affecting many neural functions in the brain. Increasing evidence suggests a possible role of these neurosteroids in the pathology and symptomatology of schizophrenia (SZ) and other mental disorders. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about the neural functions of neurosteroids in the brain, and to evaluate the role of the key neurosteroids as candidate modulators in the etiology and therapeutics of SZ.

Pregnenolone-progesterone-allopregnanolone pathway as a potential therapeutic target in first-episode antipsychotic-naïve patients with schizophrenia.

Neurosteroids are both endogenous and exogenous steroids that rapidly alter neuronal excitability through interactions with ligand-gated ion channels and other cell surface receptors. They are originated from cholesterol and have important implications for schizophrenia (SZ) pathophysiology and treatment strategies. Specifically, pregnenolone (PREG), progesterone (PROG) and allopregnanolone (ALLO) exhibit similar psychotropic properties.

Simple and rapid UPLC-MS/MS method for quantification of entecavir in human plasma: Application to a bioequivalence study .

A simple and fast ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated to determine entecavir in human plasma with the stable isotopically labeled internal standard entecavir-CN. Samples (100 µL each) were pretreated by protein precipitation with methanol, and then separated on an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C analytical column (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.

A validated UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of imatinib, dasatinib and nilotinib in human plasma.

A sensitive, rapid, simple and economical ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method (UPLC-MS/MS) was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of imatinib, dasatinib and nilotinib in human plasma using gliquidone as internal standard (IS). Liquid-liquid extraction method with ethyl acetate was used for sample pre-treatment. The separation was performed on an Xtimate Phenyl column using isocratic mobile phase consisting of A (aqueous phase: 0.

Pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of a generic amisulpride tablet in healthy Chinese volunteers .

Objective: To assess and compare the pharmacokinetic properties and bioavailability of a newly developed formulation of amisulpride with those of a conventional formulation in healthy Chinese volunteers under fasting state.

Materials And Methods: A single-dose, two-sequence crossover study was designed. 20 healthy subjects (14 males and 6 females) were randomized into two groups.

Association Between Vancomycin Blood Brain Barrier Penetration and Clinical Response in Postsurgical Meningitis.

Purpose: This study investigated the association between vancomycin blood brain barrier penetration and clinical response in patients with postsurgical meningitis.

Methods: Adult patients with postsurgical meningitis were recruited. Eligible patients received vancomycin 500 mg every 6 h for at least 5 days.